This paper proposes a mobile phone model for expanding PMTCT outreach in Tanzania. By increasing ... more This paper proposes a mobile phone model for expanding PMTCT outreach in Tanzania. By increasing access to information to mothers on how to take care of themselves and their children, vertical transmission of HIV especially during postpartum is reduced. Results show that after the intervention, HIV tests increased from 33% to 78%, clinic attendance increased from 32% to 79% and timely immunization frequency increased from 47% to 76% per month.
Objective To compare the effectiveness of all-arthroscopic technique and modified open Broström t... more Objective To compare the effectiveness of all-arthroscopic technique and modified open Broström technique in repair of anterior talofibular ligament (ATFL) for lateral instability of the ankle (LIA). Methods A retrospective analysis was made on 65 patients who underwent ATFL repair with anchors for LIA between January 2014 and January 2017. The ATFL was repaired by all-arthroscopic technique in 35 patients (arthroscopic group) and modified open Broström technique in 30 patients (open group). There was no significant difference in age, gender, the side of injured ankle, the time from injury to operation, and preoperative anterior displacement of talus, tilt angle of talus, the Karlsson Ankle Functional (KAF) score, American Orthopaedic Foot and Ankle Society (AOFAS) score, and Japanese Society for Surgery of the foot ankle-hindfoot (JSSF) scale score between the two groups (P>0.05). The operation time, the intraoperative bleeding volume, and the length of time for surgery recovery...
Smart Trends in Computing and Communications, 2022
The rising number of cell phone subscribers in Tanzania provides the government with a new platfo... more The rising number of cell phone subscribers in Tanzania provides the government with a new platform for the provision of information and government services to people (thus m-Government). In Tanzania, the use of m-Government services is in the initial stages, and variables that affect its adoption are not yet understood. The goal of this research is to study the Critical Success Factors (CSFs) affecting the behavioral intention (BI) of citizens to adopt m-Government services in Tanzania. The study used the Mobile Services Acceptance Model (MSAM) and extended it to include external variables in the context of Tanzania. To collect primary data from users of m-Government services in Dar es Salaam and Dodoma towns, a survey questionnaire was used, and 253 responses were collected. IBM-SPSS AMOS 23.0 program analyzed the data using Structural Equation Modeling (SEM). The findings of the study indicate that perceived usefulness, trust, perceived mobility, power distance, quality of service, awareness, perceived cost, personal initiatives and characteristics significantly influence the BI to adopt m-Government services. Perceived ease of use, was found to be statistically insignificant in predicting BI. Furthermore, the interplay between CSFs, discussion on theoretical and practical implications that follow from the results are presented.
skills. This paper presents results of an experiment in which Random Access Memory (RAM) diagrams... more skills. This paper presents results of an experiment in which Random Access Memory (RAM) diagrams were used to teach novice students C programming. Students were divided into two groups that were differently instructed. The control group was instructed in the traditional way while the experiment group was instructed with the aid of RAM diagrams employed throughout the course. Examination results from the two groups were compared. Statistical analysis was done and the Z value was calculated. The results suggest that the use of RAM diagrams improves programming comprehension and programming skills. 1.
2014 International Conference on IT Convergence and Security (ICITCS), 2014
This paper proposes a mobile phone model for expanding PMTCT outreach in Tanzania. By increasing ... more This paper proposes a mobile phone model for expanding PMTCT outreach in Tanzania. By increasing access to information to mothers on how to take care of themselves and their children, vertical transmission of HIV especially during postpartum is reduced. Results show that after the intervention, HIV tests increased from 33% to 78%, clinic attendance increased from 32% to 79% and timely immunization frequency increased from 47% to 76% per month.
In this paper, the use of visualization techniques in teaching and learning programming is revisi... more In this paper, the use of visualization techniques in teaching and learning programming is revisited. It is demonstrated that MTL can be used to visualize most of programming aspects. MTL, as a tool for dry-running programs, tracing and correcting codes is used in a class experiment. Results show that MTL can be used in teaching novice programmers to improve their coding abilities.
Computer programming is a “two-way thinking process. ” The programmer must think and implant his/... more Computer programming is a “two-way thinking process. ” The programmer must think and implant his/her thought in the computer in the form of code. In return, the computer must think like the programmer in the way of output. Compilation is the only initial accurate way of confirming that the programmer and the computer are thinking the same way. In case of novice programmers, the compiler feedback does not suffice the need. In some cases it is a source of confusion and despair. To add to this complexity, the way initial programming is taught and the way programming materials are presented to learners goes contrary to the “two-way thinking. ” There is a need for another (mediating) language between the compiler and the novice programmer. In this paper, the traditional practice of introducing programming lessons through programs that display a message such as “Hello World ” or any other message is debunked. A new visualization approach through Memory Transfer Language (MTL) is proposed....
Visualization as a technique used to teach programming is gaining momentum. Memory Transfer Langu... more Visualization as a technique used to teach programming is gaining momentum. Memory Transfer Language (MTL) is a programmer-driven visualizer used to learn programming. This article reports on results obtained from a class experiment where MTL was used by non-novices to learn programming. The experiment was carried out to test the effectiveness of MTL in assisting students to learn programming (in a second language) without the intervention of a teacher. Results between the experimental and control group revealed that the group that studied programming using MTL without teachers’ intervention performed better than the group that studied programming using conventional approach.
This paper presents results of an experiment in which Random Access Memory (RAM) diagrams were us... more This paper presents results of an experiment in which Random Access Memory (RAM) diagrams were used to teach novice students C programming. Students were divided into two groups that were differently instructed. The control group was instructed in the traditional way while the experiment group was instructed with the aid of RAM diagrams employed throughout the course. Examination results from the two groups were compared. Statistical analysis was done and the Z value was calculated. The results suggest that the use of RAM diagrams improves programming comprehension and programming skills.
This paper proposes a mobile phone model for expanding PMTCT outreach in Tanzania. By increasing ... more This paper proposes a mobile phone model for expanding PMTCT outreach in Tanzania. By increasing access to information to mothers on how to take care of themselves and their children, vertical transmission of HIV especially during postpartum is reduced. Results show that after the intervention, HIV tests increased from 33% to 78%, clinic attendance increased from 32% to 79% and timely immunization frequency increased from 47% to 76% per month.
Objective To compare the effectiveness of all-arthroscopic technique and modified open Broström t... more Objective To compare the effectiveness of all-arthroscopic technique and modified open Broström technique in repair of anterior talofibular ligament (ATFL) for lateral instability of the ankle (LIA). Methods A retrospective analysis was made on 65 patients who underwent ATFL repair with anchors for LIA between January 2014 and January 2017. The ATFL was repaired by all-arthroscopic technique in 35 patients (arthroscopic group) and modified open Broström technique in 30 patients (open group). There was no significant difference in age, gender, the side of injured ankle, the time from injury to operation, and preoperative anterior displacement of talus, tilt angle of talus, the Karlsson Ankle Functional (KAF) score, American Orthopaedic Foot and Ankle Society (AOFAS) score, and Japanese Society for Surgery of the foot ankle-hindfoot (JSSF) scale score between the two groups (P>0.05). The operation time, the intraoperative bleeding volume, and the length of time for surgery recovery...
Smart Trends in Computing and Communications, 2022
The rising number of cell phone subscribers in Tanzania provides the government with a new platfo... more The rising number of cell phone subscribers in Tanzania provides the government with a new platform for the provision of information and government services to people (thus m-Government). In Tanzania, the use of m-Government services is in the initial stages, and variables that affect its adoption are not yet understood. The goal of this research is to study the Critical Success Factors (CSFs) affecting the behavioral intention (BI) of citizens to adopt m-Government services in Tanzania. The study used the Mobile Services Acceptance Model (MSAM) and extended it to include external variables in the context of Tanzania. To collect primary data from users of m-Government services in Dar es Salaam and Dodoma towns, a survey questionnaire was used, and 253 responses were collected. IBM-SPSS AMOS 23.0 program analyzed the data using Structural Equation Modeling (SEM). The findings of the study indicate that perceived usefulness, trust, perceived mobility, power distance, quality of service, awareness, perceived cost, personal initiatives and characteristics significantly influence the BI to adopt m-Government services. Perceived ease of use, was found to be statistically insignificant in predicting BI. Furthermore, the interplay between CSFs, discussion on theoretical and practical implications that follow from the results are presented.
skills. This paper presents results of an experiment in which Random Access Memory (RAM) diagrams... more skills. This paper presents results of an experiment in which Random Access Memory (RAM) diagrams were used to teach novice students C programming. Students were divided into two groups that were differently instructed. The control group was instructed in the traditional way while the experiment group was instructed with the aid of RAM diagrams employed throughout the course. Examination results from the two groups were compared. Statistical analysis was done and the Z value was calculated. The results suggest that the use of RAM diagrams improves programming comprehension and programming skills. 1.
2014 International Conference on IT Convergence and Security (ICITCS), 2014
This paper proposes a mobile phone model for expanding PMTCT outreach in Tanzania. By increasing ... more This paper proposes a mobile phone model for expanding PMTCT outreach in Tanzania. By increasing access to information to mothers on how to take care of themselves and their children, vertical transmission of HIV especially during postpartum is reduced. Results show that after the intervention, HIV tests increased from 33% to 78%, clinic attendance increased from 32% to 79% and timely immunization frequency increased from 47% to 76% per month.
In this paper, the use of visualization techniques in teaching and learning programming is revisi... more In this paper, the use of visualization techniques in teaching and learning programming is revisited. It is demonstrated that MTL can be used to visualize most of programming aspects. MTL, as a tool for dry-running programs, tracing and correcting codes is used in a class experiment. Results show that MTL can be used in teaching novice programmers to improve their coding abilities.
Computer programming is a “two-way thinking process. ” The programmer must think and implant his/... more Computer programming is a “two-way thinking process. ” The programmer must think and implant his/her thought in the computer in the form of code. In return, the computer must think like the programmer in the way of output. Compilation is the only initial accurate way of confirming that the programmer and the computer are thinking the same way. In case of novice programmers, the compiler feedback does not suffice the need. In some cases it is a source of confusion and despair. To add to this complexity, the way initial programming is taught and the way programming materials are presented to learners goes contrary to the “two-way thinking. ” There is a need for another (mediating) language between the compiler and the novice programmer. In this paper, the traditional practice of introducing programming lessons through programs that display a message such as “Hello World ” or any other message is debunked. A new visualization approach through Memory Transfer Language (MTL) is proposed....
Visualization as a technique used to teach programming is gaining momentum. Memory Transfer Langu... more Visualization as a technique used to teach programming is gaining momentum. Memory Transfer Language (MTL) is a programmer-driven visualizer used to learn programming. This article reports on results obtained from a class experiment where MTL was used by non-novices to learn programming. The experiment was carried out to test the effectiveness of MTL in assisting students to learn programming (in a second language) without the intervention of a teacher. Results between the experimental and control group revealed that the group that studied programming using MTL without teachers’ intervention performed better than the group that studied programming using conventional approach.
This paper presents results of an experiment in which Random Access Memory (RAM) diagrams were us... more This paper presents results of an experiment in which Random Access Memory (RAM) diagrams were used to teach novice students C programming. Students were divided into two groups that were differently instructed. The control group was instructed in the traditional way while the experiment group was instructed with the aid of RAM diagrams employed throughout the course. Examination results from the two groups were compared. Statistical analysis was done and the Z value was calculated. The results suggest that the use of RAM diagrams improves programming comprehension and programming skills.
For almost six decades, since its inception, teaching programming has been carried out in the sam... more For almost six decades, since its inception, teaching programming has been carried out in the same way: "Introducing language manuals to students." This approach demoralizes the learner. In addition it turns learning programming into an extremely daunting task. The consequence has been a steady drop in the number of people learning programming. Java for Novice Programmers offers a completely new approach to leaning programming. Using Memory Transfer Language (MTL) a leaner is able to interprete his/her code outside the machine. MTL is a tool for the learner to interpret the code machine-wise. This provides the leaner with a tool for precise close-tracking and debugging the code outside machine environment. It turns programming into a simple task that requires the knowledge of one easy technique: "knowing what is the effect of your instruction to the machine."
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Conference Presentations by Leonard Mselle
Papers by Leonard Mselle