Citrus peel is an important source of essential oils (EOs). However, these EOs are not invested, ... more Citrus peel is an important source of essential oils (EOs). However, these EOs are not invested, although the annual production of citrus is high in Syria. The current study aimed to investigate chemical composition and antibacterial activity of some citrus peel EOs, namely: lemon (Citrus limon), orange (C. sinensis), grapefruit (C. paradisi), mandarin (C. reticulata) and bitter orange (C. aurantium). Gas chromatography–mass spectrometry (GC/MS) (gas chromatograph type: Agilent 7890A, auto sampler type: Agilent 7683B coupled to mass spectrometer, type Agilent 5975C, using DB–1 capillary column. EOs. concentration 1: 10 v/v in chloroform, injection volume 1 µl, split ratio 1: 80), was used to identify the chemical composition of the EOs, which were extracted by hydrodistillation technique, and chemical composition was expressed as Mean ± SD of three replications using SPSS V17 software. Minimal bactericidal concentration (MBC) was used to determine the antibacterial activity against ...
Basic and Applied Sciences - Scientific Journal of King Faisal University
Tannase is an enzyme that causes hydrolysis of a group of tannins (gallo-tannins) to gallic acid ... more Tannase is an enzyme that causes hydrolysis of a group of tannins (gallo-tannins) to gallic acid and glucose. This enzyme is of importance due to its numerous applications in many fields, such as in the food industry by enhancing tea and coffee flavor and improving the quality of fruit juices rich in tannins. Tannase is also of importance in improving the quality of animal feed. Gallic acid is applied in the drug industry, and the production of antioxidants is used in the oil industry. This study was carried out to improve production of tannase from genus Bacillus using spent tea as a substrate by submerged fermentation and applying the statistical design Response Surface Methodology (RSM). Five parameters were considered, and each parameter was studied at five levels. They were temperature range (25 to 45˚C), pH (3–8), incubation period (24–120 hours), spent tea (0.5–2.5%) and rotation speed (100–300rpm). Results obtained revealed that optimum conditions for maximum production of t...
Citrus peel is an important source of essential oils (EOs). However, these EOs are not invested, ... more Citrus peel is an important source of essential oils (EOs). However, these EOs are not invested, although the annual production of citrus is high in Syria. The current study aimed to investigate chemical composition and antibacterial activity of some citrus peel EOs, namely: lemon (Citrus limon), orange (C. sinensis), grapefruit (C. paradisi), mandarin (C. reticulata) and bitter orange (C. aurantium). Gas chromatography–mass spectrometry (GC/MS) (gas chromatograph type: Agilent 7890A, auto sampler type: Agilent 7683B coupled to mass spectrometer, type Agilent 5975C, using DB–1 capillary column. EOs. concentration 1: 10 v/v in chloroform, injection volume 1 µl, split ratio 1: 80), was used to identify the chemical composition of the EOs, which were extracted by hydrodistillation technique, and chemical composition was expressed as Mean ± SD of three replications using SPSS V17 software. Minimal bactericidal concentration (MBC) was used to determine the antibacterial activity against ...
Basic and Applied Sciences - Scientific Journal of King Faisal University
Tannase is an enzyme that causes hydrolysis of a group of tannins (gallo-tannins) to gallic acid ... more Tannase is an enzyme that causes hydrolysis of a group of tannins (gallo-tannins) to gallic acid and glucose. This enzyme is of importance due to its numerous applications in many fields, such as in the food industry by enhancing tea and coffee flavor and improving the quality of fruit juices rich in tannins. Tannase is also of importance in improving the quality of animal feed. Gallic acid is applied in the drug industry, and the production of antioxidants is used in the oil industry. This study was carried out to improve production of tannase from genus Bacillus using spent tea as a substrate by submerged fermentation and applying the statistical design Response Surface Methodology (RSM). Five parameters were considered, and each parameter was studied at five levels. They were temperature range (25 to 45˚C), pH (3–8), incubation period (24–120 hours), spent tea (0.5–2.5%) and rotation speed (100–300rpm). Results obtained revealed that optimum conditions for maximum production of t...
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