Metal bioaccessibility is an alarming issue in croplands of mining sites due to overloading of to... more Metal bioaccessibility is an alarming issue in croplands of mining sites due to overloading of toxic metals. Hence, the present study is aimed to determine the overloading of toxic metal in croplands across the Tawag village, Hutti, Raichur, India. Correspondingly, to identify the soil bacterial growth, physiological oxidative stress enzyme activity and surface macromolecular functional group evolution were analysed in and around the toxic metal contaminated sites through FT-IR and FT-Raman spectrometry. The evaluated results attribute that the study area is heavily polluted with the toxic metals such as arsenic, cadmium, chromium, lead and zinc. However, biochemical and 16S rRNA gene sequence homology tree confirmed that the arsenic and cadmium-resistant isolate belongs to Bacillus sp. MDPMK-02 and retrieved unique Gene Bank ID KT596811 (accession number) at National Centre for Biotechnology information (NCBI), India. Additionally, sodium arsenite-amended culture media possessing reduced biomass and enhanced the activity of oxidative stress defence enzymes such as superoxide dis-mutase (SOD) and catalase (CAT) than cadmium chloride-amended medium and control. Subsequently, the infrared (IR) and Raman spectral analytical assessment distinguish that arsenic-treated Gram-positive isolate membrane fetched high percentage of hydration, elevation of surface polysaccharides, proteins and polyhydroxybutyric acid (PHBA) molecular specific stretch intensity compared to cadmium exposures. From these results, the study concluded that the mining wastes significantly pollute the surrounding croplands, and also Bacillus sp. MDPMK-02 possesses good chemosensing for cross-protection and bio-adaptation of toxic metal ions. Hence, these isolates can be compiled and implemented in environmental hazardous management techniques such as bioremediation, bioleach-ing and biodegradation.
Deltamethrin is a pyrethroid ester insecticide widely used in agricultural and non agricultural p... more Deltamethrin is a pyrethroid ester insecticide widely used in agricultural and non agricultural purposes in India, creates a serious threat to the environment as well as target and non target organisms. The present investigation was undertaken to study the effect of lethal (8mg/L) and sublethal (0.8mg/L) deltamethrin level on selected haematological indices of Cirrhinus mrigala. The target fish were exposed to lethal (1, 2, 3 and 4 days) and sublethal (1st, 5th, 10th and 15th day) periods. The results showed that the erythrocytes, Hb, and hematocrit values decreased continuously for both lethal and sublethal concentration of deltamethrin. WBC, MCV and MCH were increased considerably, while the MCHC remained unchanged during the study. In conclusion, the study confirmed the lethal and sublethal effect of deltamethrin on C. mrigala. The decrease in levels of RBCs, Hb, PCV and increase in WBCs revealed the haematological toxicity of this pesticide pollutant and they may be helpful as a tool to monitor the health status of the fish species.
Static renewal bioassay test has been conducted to determine LC50 of sodium cyanide on indigenous... more Static renewal bioassay test has been conducted to determine LC50 of sodium cyanide on indigenous fresh water carp, Labeo rohita. The behavioural patter nd oxygen consumption were observed in fish at both lethal ad sub lethal concentrations. Labeo rohita in toxic media exhibited irregular and erratic swimming movements, hyper excitability, loss of equilibrium and shrinking to the bottom, which may be due to inhibition of cytochrome C oxidase activity and decrease blood pH. The combination of cytotoxic hypoxia with lactate acidosis depresses the central nervous system resulting in respiratory arrest and death.
Deltamethrin is a synthetic pyrethroid, contaminating aquatic ecosystems as a potential toxic pol... more Deltamethrin is a synthetic pyrethroid, contaminating aquatic ecosystems as a potential toxic pollutant; it affects the physiological function of the aquatic fauna. In this present study, the impact of exposure of the freshwater fish Cirrhinus mrigala to both lethal and sub lethal concentrations (8 μl/L and 0.8 μl/L) of deltamethrin on the activities of Na+-K+ATPase, Ca2+ and Mg2+ associated ATPases in gills, muscle and liver was assessed. As a result significant (p<0.05) decrease was found in Na+-K+, Ca2+ and Mg2+ ATPase activities of the fish. The present studies conclude that the deltamethrin alters the membrane permeability of ATPases, resulting in the breakdown of the active transport mechanism and causes the alterations in physiology of whole organisms.
Metal bioaccessibility is an alarming issue in croplands of mining sites due to overloading of to... more Metal bioaccessibility is an alarming issue in croplands of mining sites due to overloading of toxic metals. Hence, the present study is aimed to determine the overloading of toxic metal in croplands across the Tawag village, Hutti, Raichur, India. Correspondingly, to identify the soil bacterial growth, physiological oxidative stress enzyme activity and surface macromolecular functional group evolution were analysed in and around the toxic metal contaminated sites through FT-IR and FT-Raman spectrometry. The evaluated results attribute that the study area is heavily polluted with the toxic metals such as arsenic, cadmium, chromium, lead and zinc. However, biochemical and 16S rRNA gene sequence homology tree confirmed that the arsenic and cadmium-resistant isolate belongs to Bacillus sp. MDPMK-02 and retrieved unique Gene Bank ID KT596811 (accession number) at National Centre for Biotechnology information (NCBI), India. Additionally, sodium arsenite-amended culture media possessing reduced biomass and enhanced the activity of oxidative stress defence enzymes such as superoxide dis-mutase (SOD) and catalase (CAT) than cadmium chloride-amended medium and control. Subsequently, the infrared (IR) and Raman spectral analytical assessment distinguish that arsenic-treated Gram-positive isolate membrane fetched high percentage of hydration, elevation of surface polysaccharides, proteins and polyhydroxybutyric acid (PHBA) molecular specific stretch intensity compared to cadmium exposures. From these results, the study concluded that the mining wastes significantly pollute the surrounding croplands, and also Bacillus sp. MDPMK-02 possesses good chemosensing for cross-protection and bio-adaptation of toxic metal ions. Hence, these isolates can be compiled and implemented in environmental hazardous management techniques such as bioremediation, bioleach-ing and biodegradation.
Deltamethrin is a pyrethroid ester insecticide widely used in agricultural and non agricultural p... more Deltamethrin is a pyrethroid ester insecticide widely used in agricultural and non agricultural purposes in India, creates a serious threat to the environment as well as target and non target organisms. The present investigation was undertaken to study the effect of lethal (8mg/L) and sublethal (0.8mg/L) deltamethrin level on selected haematological indices of Cirrhinus mrigala. The target fish were exposed to lethal (1, 2, 3 and 4 days) and sublethal (1st, 5th, 10th and 15th day) periods. The results showed that the erythrocytes, Hb, and hematocrit values decreased continuously for both lethal and sublethal concentration of deltamethrin. WBC, MCV and MCH were increased considerably, while the MCHC remained unchanged during the study. In conclusion, the study confirmed the lethal and sublethal effect of deltamethrin on C. mrigala. The decrease in levels of RBCs, Hb, PCV and increase in WBCs revealed the haematological toxicity of this pesticide pollutant and they may be helpful as a tool to monitor the health status of the fish species.
Static renewal bioassay test has been conducted to determine LC50 of sodium cyanide on indigenous... more Static renewal bioassay test has been conducted to determine LC50 of sodium cyanide on indigenous fresh water carp, Labeo rohita. The behavioural patter nd oxygen consumption were observed in fish at both lethal ad sub lethal concentrations. Labeo rohita in toxic media exhibited irregular and erratic swimming movements, hyper excitability, loss of equilibrium and shrinking to the bottom, which may be due to inhibition of cytochrome C oxidase activity and decrease blood pH. The combination of cytotoxic hypoxia with lactate acidosis depresses the central nervous system resulting in respiratory arrest and death.
Deltamethrin is a synthetic pyrethroid, contaminating aquatic ecosystems as a potential toxic pol... more Deltamethrin is a synthetic pyrethroid, contaminating aquatic ecosystems as a potential toxic pollutant; it affects the physiological function of the aquatic fauna. In this present study, the impact of exposure of the freshwater fish Cirrhinus mrigala to both lethal and sub lethal concentrations (8 μl/L and 0.8 μl/L) of deltamethrin on the activities of Na+-K+ATPase, Ca2+ and Mg2+ associated ATPases in gills, muscle and liver was assessed. As a result significant (p<0.05) decrease was found in Na+-K+, Ca2+ and Mg2+ ATPase activities of the fish. The present studies conclude that the deltamethrin alters the membrane permeability of ATPases, resulting in the breakdown of the active transport mechanism and causes the alterations in physiology of whole organisms.
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creates a serious threat to the environment as well as target and non target organisms. The present investigation
was undertaken to study the effect of lethal (8mg/L) and sublethal (0.8mg/L) deltamethrin level on selected
haematological indices of Cirrhinus mrigala. The target fish were exposed to lethal (1, 2, 3 and 4 days) and
sublethal (1st, 5th, 10th and 15th day) periods. The results showed that the erythrocytes, Hb, and hematocrit values
decreased continuously for both lethal and sublethal concentration of deltamethrin. WBC, MCV and MCH were
increased considerably, while the MCHC remained unchanged during the study. In conclusion, the study
confirmed the lethal and sublethal effect of deltamethrin on C. mrigala. The decrease in levels of RBCs, Hb,
PCV and increase in WBCs revealed the haematological toxicity of this pesticide pollutant and they may be
helpful as a tool to monitor the health status of the fish species.
the physiological function of the aquatic fauna. In this present study, the impact of exposure of the freshwater
fish Cirrhinus mrigala to both lethal and sub lethal concentrations (8 μl/L and 0.8 μl/L) of deltamethrin on the
activities of Na+-K+ATPase, Ca2+ and Mg2+ associated ATPases in gills, muscle and liver was assessed. As a
result significant (p<0.05) decrease was found in Na+-K+, Ca2+ and Mg2+ ATPase activities of the fish. The
present studies conclude that the deltamethrin alters the membrane permeability of ATPases, resulting in the
breakdown of the active transport mechanism and causes the alterations in physiology of whole organisms.
creates a serious threat to the environment as well as target and non target organisms. The present investigation
was undertaken to study the effect of lethal (8mg/L) and sublethal (0.8mg/L) deltamethrin level on selected
haematological indices of Cirrhinus mrigala. The target fish were exposed to lethal (1, 2, 3 and 4 days) and
sublethal (1st, 5th, 10th and 15th day) periods. The results showed that the erythrocytes, Hb, and hematocrit values
decreased continuously for both lethal and sublethal concentration of deltamethrin. WBC, MCV and MCH were
increased considerably, while the MCHC remained unchanged during the study. In conclusion, the study
confirmed the lethal and sublethal effect of deltamethrin on C. mrigala. The decrease in levels of RBCs, Hb,
PCV and increase in WBCs revealed the haematological toxicity of this pesticide pollutant and they may be
helpful as a tool to monitor the health status of the fish species.
the physiological function of the aquatic fauna. In this present study, the impact of exposure of the freshwater
fish Cirrhinus mrigala to both lethal and sub lethal concentrations (8 μl/L and 0.8 μl/L) of deltamethrin on the
activities of Na+-K+ATPase, Ca2+ and Mg2+ associated ATPases in gills, muscle and liver was assessed. As a
result significant (p<0.05) decrease was found in Na+-K+, Ca2+ and Mg2+ ATPase activities of the fish. The
present studies conclude that the deltamethrin alters the membrane permeability of ATPases, resulting in the
breakdown of the active transport mechanism and causes the alterations in physiology of whole organisms.