The risks posed by nutrient deposition due to air pollution on ecosystems and their respective se... more The risks posed by nutrient deposition due to air pollution on ecosystems and their respective services to human beings can be appropriately estimated by bioindicator plants when they are well acclimated to the study region environmental conditions. This assumption encouraged us to comparatively evaluate the accumulation potential of ryegrass cv. Lema and guava cv. Paluma macro and micronutrients. We also indicated the most appropriate species for biomonitoring nutrient contamination risks in tropical areas of Southeastern Brazil, which are characterized by marked dry and wet seasons and complex mixtures of air pollutants from different sources (industries, vehicle traffic and agriculture). The study was conducted in 14 sites with different neighboring land uses, within the Metropolitan Region of Campinas, central-eastern region of São Paulo State. The exposure experiments with ryegrass and guava were consecutively repeated 40 (28 days each) and 12 (84 days each) times, respectively...
ABSTRACT-(Nutrient cycling disturbance in Atlantic Forest sites affected by air pollution coming ... more ABSTRACT-(Nutrient cycling disturbance in Atlantic Forest sites affected by air pollution coming from the industrial complex of Cubatão, Southeast Brazil). Several aspects of nutrient cycling were studied at two sites of Atlantic Forest, in São Paulo State, Southeast Brazil (23 o 46' ...
Saplings of Tibouchina pulchra and Psidium guajava, cultivated under standardized soil conditions... more Saplings of Tibouchina pulchra and Psidium guajava, cultivated under standardized soil conditions, were placed in two sites at Cubatão (state of São Paulo, southeast Brazil) to study the effects of air pollution on growth, biomass allocation and foliar nitrogen and fluoride concentrations. Thirty-six potted plants were maintained over two periods of one year (Jul/00 to Jun/01; Dec/00 to Nov/01) at each of two experimental sites with distinct levels of air pollution: Pilões River Valley (PV) with vegetation virtually unaffected by air pollution; and Mogi River Valley (MV) severely affected by pollutants released mainly by chemical, fertilizer, iron and steel industries. For both species, saplings growing at MV showed alterations of growth and biomass allocation, as well as increased leaf concentrations of nitrogen and fluoride. Comparing both experimental periods, the one starting in winter (the driest season in Southeastern Brazil) seemed to affect the saplings more severely, the differences of the measured parameters between MV and PV being higher than in the second period. Multivariate analysis revealed two groups of data: one representing the MV and the other the PV saplings. For both species, saplings growing at MV showed differences in chemical composition, growth and biomass allocation, compared with the PV saplings. The results suggested that seasonal conditions of the first months of sapling exposure (summer or winter) modulate the intensity of responses to pollution stress.
The distribution of n-alkanes of foliar epicuticular waxes of Psidium guajava (Myrtaceae) exposed... more The distribution of n-alkanes of foliar epicuticular waxes of Psidium guajava (Myrtaceae) exposed to air pollutants was determined by GC-EIMS. Saplings were exposed for two periods of one year (July 2000–June 2001 and December 2000–November 2001) in two experimental sites: Pilões River Valley (PV), where the contamination of air pollutants is relatively low, and Mogi River Valley (MV), which is
Fully expanded leaves of trees of Tibouchina pulchra were collected at three sites around the ind... more Fully expanded leaves of trees of Tibouchina pulchra were collected at three sites around the industrial complex of Cubatão: the valley of Pilões river (VP), bearing virtually undamaged vegetation; Caminho do Mar (CM), affected mainly by petrochemical industries; and the valley of Mogi river (VM), severely affected by pollution. The amounts of leaf nitrogen, soluble phenols, tannins, lignins and dietary
Mutation Research/Genetic Toxicology and Environmental Mutagenesis, 2009
The aims of this study were to investigate the sensitivity of Tradescantia pallida &a... more The aims of this study were to investigate the sensitivity of Tradescantia pallida 'Purpurea' to genotoxicity induced by ozone, by means of the micronucleus (MCN) bioassay, to verify whether the intensity of genotoxic responses in inflorescences is modulated by concentrations of ascorbic acid (AA) in their bracts, and/or by air temperature variations during the progress of the bioassay, and to define the time lag necessary after ozone exposure to observe maximal genotoxic effects. Flowering branches were exposed to filtered air (control) and to 60 ppb of ozone (ozone) for 3h in fumigation chambers during spring, autumn, winter and summer. After exposure, they were maintained for 24-120 h under filtered air for recovery. A sub-group of each treatment was taken every 24h, when MCN was scored in inflorescences and the levels of AA were determined in bracts. Ozone caused a significant increase in the frequency of MCN after 24-120 of recovery, compared to measurements in inflorescences from the control treatment, but maximal MCN rate was reached between 72 and 120 h of recovery. The highest percentages of MCN in both fumigation treatments were found during the winter experiment. Ozone exposure did not induce significant changes in the content of AA. However, it was positively influenced by daily amplitude of air temperature during the period of the bioassay. The intensity of genotoxic damage and the time lag necessary to visualize an enhanced number of MCN depended on the levels of ascorbic acid in bracts 24h before MCN scoring and on the daily amplitude of air temperature during the development of the bioassay. Narrower ranges between daily maximum and minimum temperatures (around 4 degrees C) during the days of experiment seemed to promote a more efficient diagnostic of genotoxiciy induced by ozone.
The risks posed by nutrient deposition due to air pollution on ecosystems and their respective se... more The risks posed by nutrient deposition due to air pollution on ecosystems and their respective services to human beings can be appropriately estimated by bioindicator plants when they are well acclimated to the study region environmental conditions. This assumption encouraged us to comparatively evaluate the accumulation potential of ryegrass cv. Lema and guava cv. Paluma macro and micronutrients. We also indicated the most appropriate species for biomonitoring nutrient contamination risks in tropical areas of Southeastern Brazil, which are characterized by marked dry and wet seasons and complex mixtures of air pollutants from different sources (industries, vehicle traffic and agriculture). The study was conducted in 14 sites with different neighboring land uses, within the Metropolitan Region of Campinas, central-eastern region of São Paulo State. The exposure experiments with ryegrass and guava were consecutively repeated 40 (28 days each) and 12 (84 days each) times, respectively...
ABSTRACT-(Nutrient cycling disturbance in Atlantic Forest sites affected by air pollution coming ... more ABSTRACT-(Nutrient cycling disturbance in Atlantic Forest sites affected by air pollution coming from the industrial complex of Cubatão, Southeast Brazil). Several aspects of nutrient cycling were studied at two sites of Atlantic Forest, in São Paulo State, Southeast Brazil (23 o 46' ...
Saplings of Tibouchina pulchra and Psidium guajava, cultivated under standardized soil conditions... more Saplings of Tibouchina pulchra and Psidium guajava, cultivated under standardized soil conditions, were placed in two sites at Cubatão (state of São Paulo, southeast Brazil) to study the effects of air pollution on growth, biomass allocation and foliar nitrogen and fluoride concentrations. Thirty-six potted plants were maintained over two periods of one year (Jul/00 to Jun/01; Dec/00 to Nov/01) at each of two experimental sites with distinct levels of air pollution: Pilões River Valley (PV) with vegetation virtually unaffected by air pollution; and Mogi River Valley (MV) severely affected by pollutants released mainly by chemical, fertilizer, iron and steel industries. For both species, saplings growing at MV showed alterations of growth and biomass allocation, as well as increased leaf concentrations of nitrogen and fluoride. Comparing both experimental periods, the one starting in winter (the driest season in Southeastern Brazil) seemed to affect the saplings more severely, the differences of the measured parameters between MV and PV being higher than in the second period. Multivariate analysis revealed two groups of data: one representing the MV and the other the PV saplings. For both species, saplings growing at MV showed differences in chemical composition, growth and biomass allocation, compared with the PV saplings. The results suggested that seasonal conditions of the first months of sapling exposure (summer or winter) modulate the intensity of responses to pollution stress.
The distribution of n-alkanes of foliar epicuticular waxes of Psidium guajava (Myrtaceae) exposed... more The distribution of n-alkanes of foliar epicuticular waxes of Psidium guajava (Myrtaceae) exposed to air pollutants was determined by GC-EIMS. Saplings were exposed for two periods of one year (July 2000–June 2001 and December 2000–November 2001) in two experimental sites: Pilões River Valley (PV), where the contamination of air pollutants is relatively low, and Mogi River Valley (MV), which is
Fully expanded leaves of trees of Tibouchina pulchra were collected at three sites around the ind... more Fully expanded leaves of trees of Tibouchina pulchra were collected at three sites around the industrial complex of Cubatão: the valley of Pilões river (VP), bearing virtually undamaged vegetation; Caminho do Mar (CM), affected mainly by petrochemical industries; and the valley of Mogi river (VM), severely affected by pollution. The amounts of leaf nitrogen, soluble phenols, tannins, lignins and dietary
Mutation Research/Genetic Toxicology and Environmental Mutagenesis, 2009
The aims of this study were to investigate the sensitivity of Tradescantia pallida &a... more The aims of this study were to investigate the sensitivity of Tradescantia pallida 'Purpurea' to genotoxicity induced by ozone, by means of the micronucleus (MCN) bioassay, to verify whether the intensity of genotoxic responses in inflorescences is modulated by concentrations of ascorbic acid (AA) in their bracts, and/or by air temperature variations during the progress of the bioassay, and to define the time lag necessary after ozone exposure to observe maximal genotoxic effects. Flowering branches were exposed to filtered air (control) and to 60 ppb of ozone (ozone) for 3h in fumigation chambers during spring, autumn, winter and summer. After exposure, they were maintained for 24-120 h under filtered air for recovery. A sub-group of each treatment was taken every 24h, when MCN was scored in inflorescences and the levels of AA were determined in bracts. Ozone caused a significant increase in the frequency of MCN after 24-120 of recovery, compared to measurements in inflorescences from the control treatment, but maximal MCN rate was reached between 72 and 120 h of recovery. The highest percentages of MCN in both fumigation treatments were found during the winter experiment. Ozone exposure did not induce significant changes in the content of AA. However, it was positively influenced by daily amplitude of air temperature during the period of the bioassay. The intensity of genotoxic damage and the time lag necessary to visualize an enhanced number of MCN depended on the levels of ascorbic acid in bracts 24h before MCN scoring and on the daily amplitude of air temperature during the development of the bioassay. Narrower ranges between daily maximum and minimum temperatures (around 4 degrees C) during the days of experiment seemed to promote a more efficient diagnostic of genotoxiciy induced by ozone.
Uploads