2020 IEEE Wireless Power Transfer Conference (WPTC), 2020
This study deals with the analysis of an optimum configuration for a wireless powering system app... more This study deals with the analysis of an optimum configuration for a wireless powering system applied to a left ventricular assisted device (LVAD). The current models of LVAD are miniaturized pump that are attached directly to heart by mini-invasive technique and can be used to treat advanced heart pathologies. The pump is electrically driven by a DC brushless motor powered by an external battery connected to the motor by percutaneous driveline cable. This last is cause of many infections and should be eliminated. Aim of this work is the study of a wireless power transfer (WPT) system used to power the motor replacing the percutaneous driveline. Electrical performances, safety aspects and reliability of the system are all aspects of paramount importance. A backup battery integrated with the implanted secondary coil is also proposed. This solution permits to improve the system reliability with a minimum number of components that must be subcutaneously implanted.
2019 International Symposium on Electromagnetic Compatibility - EMC EUROPE
The paper provides a parametric investigation on the magnetic field produced by a wireless power ... more The paper provides a parametric investigation on the magnetic field produced by a wireless power transfer (WPT) system to recharge the battery of an electric vehicle (EV), varying the position of the secondary coil in the car underbody. The considered WPT charging system operates at the frequency of 85 kHz with a power of 7.7 kW. The WPT system creates a very strong magnetic field that can be critical for human exposure to electromagnetic fields (EMF) and for immunity of implanted medical devices. The presence of the conductive body-frame of the vehicle permits to shield the magnetic field inside the cabin, but beside the vehicle the field level is significant. Several factors (installation position of the secondary coil; coil alignment; vehicle shape and dimensions; ground clearance; body material; etc.) that influence the magnetic field behavior are considered. Different EV-WPT coil configurations are examined and the magnetic field levels are predicted by numerical simulations. From the obtained results general guidelines for the optimal position of the WPT system are provided.
IEEE Transactions on Electromagnetic Compatibility, 2021
This article deals with an innovative wireless charging system for an implanted capsule robot. Th... more This article deals with an innovative wireless charging system for an implanted capsule robot. The transmitting coil is given by a combination of a Helmholtz coil and a birdcage coil. This coil configuration generates a magnetic field with all nonzero field components for any location within the human torso. Therefore, a single axis receiving coil wound around a cylindrical shaped ferrite core is able to receive a significant quantity of electrical energy for any capsule orientation and position. Design guidelines are provided and illustrative examples are given. Assuming a capsule of 2 cm length and 1 cm diameter we can transfer at least 1 W to the load with a minimum power transfer efficiency larger than 10% without considering electronic losses. Finally, compliance with electromagnetic field safety limits is assessed by a numerical dosimetric analysis.
This paper deals with the shielding of the magnetic field generated by two planar coils of a wire... more This paper deals with the shielding of the magnetic field generated by two planar coils of a wireless power transfer (WPT) system at the frequency of tens of kilohertz used in automotive applications. Different shielding techniques using conductive and magnetic materials are examined and discussed highlighting strong and weak points of each other. Finally, the proposed shielding configuration consisting of a combined conductive and magnetic material is applied to model an electric vehicle equipped with a WPT charging system. With this configuration, compliance with the electromagnetic field safety standards can be achieved inside (passengers) or near (pedestrian) the car.
IEEE Transactions on Electromagnetic Compatibility, 2019
The shielding technique by active coils is proposed to mitigate the magnetic field produced by a ... more The shielding technique by active coils is proposed to mitigate the magnetic field produced by a wireless power transfer (WPT) system based on near field coupling. General guidelines are provided for the active shielding design to shield the source for emission reduction or to shield the victim for immunity enhancement. Then, a method is proposed to identify the suitable excitation of the active coils. The proposed method permits the mitigation of the magnetic field in a specific point or of the induced effects in a loop area. Furthermore, the influence of the active shielding on the performance of a WPT system is also investigated. Finally, the proposed solution for active shielding is validated by measurements. A shielding effectiveness (SE) of about 20 dB on the considered area is obtained with a negligible degradation of the WPT system efficiency.
The aim of this study is to predict the electromagnetic interference (EMI) effect produced by a d... more The aim of this study is to predict the electromagnetic interference (EMI) effect produced by a dynamic wireless power transfer (DWPT) system on a buried multiconductor signal cable. The short-track DWPT system architecture is here considered with an operating frequency of 85 kHz and maximum power transferred to an EV equal to 10 kW. The EMI source is the DWPT transmitting coil which is activated when a vehicle passes over it. The electric and magnetic fields in the earth produced by the DWPT coil currents are calculated numerically using the finite elements method (FEM). These fields are then used to derive the voltage and current sources that appear in the field-excited multiconductor transmission line (MTL) model, used for the buried shielded cable. The MTL is analyzed considering the first ten harmonics of the current. The currents and voltages at the terminal ends are calculated considering the wireless charging of a single electric vehicle (EV) first, and then the simultaneous...
2020 International Symposium on Electromagnetic Compatibility - EMC EUROPE, 2020
The diagnostic tool of code current parameters and return traction current interferences is propo... more The diagnostic tool of code current parameters and return traction current interferences is proposed. This apparatuses allows to analyze the spectrum and the value of interferences in the track circuits and to determine their sources. The research results are illustrated. The probability characteristics of return traction current interferences are determined.
This study deals with the design of a near-field wireless power transfer (WPT) system applied to ... more This study deals with the design of a near-field wireless power transfer (WPT) system applied to a left ventricular assist device (LVAD) to treat patients with heart-failure problems. An LVAD is an implanted electrically driven pump connected to the heart and is traditionally powered by batteries external to the human body via a percutaneous driveline cable. The main challenge of wirelessly powering an LVAD implanted deep in the human body is to transfer relatively high power with high efficiency levels. Here the optimal design of the primary and secondary WPT coils is proposed to improve the performance of the WPT, avoiding possible safety problems of electromagnetic fields (EMF). As a main result, an average power of 5 W is continuously delivered to the LVAD by the WPT system working at 6.78 MHz with a total (DC–to–DC) efficiency of approximately 65% for the worst-case configuration.
This study deals with the inductive-based wireless power transfer (WPT) technology applied to pow... more This study deals with the inductive-based wireless power transfer (WPT) technology applied to power a deep implant with no fixed position. The usage of a large primary coil is here proposed in order to obtain a nearly uniform magnetic field inside the human body at intermediate frequencies (IFs). A simple configuration of the primary coil, derived by the Helmholtz theory, is proposed. Then, a detailed analysis is carried out to assess the compliance with electromagnetic field (EMF) safety standards. General guidelines on the design of primary and secondary coils are provided for powering or charging a deep implant of cylindrical shape with or without metal housing. Finally, three different WPT coil demonstrators have been fabricated and tested. The obtained results have demonstrated the validity of the proposed technology.
IEEE Transactions on Microwave Theory and Techniques, 2016
A wireless power transfer (WPT) system based on magnetic resonant coupling is applied to a pacema... more A wireless power transfer (WPT) system based on magnetic resonant coupling is applied to a pacemaker for recharge its battery. The primary coil is assumed to be on-body, while the secondary coil is in-body. Three different configurations of the secondary coil are hereby investigated placing it inside the titanium case of the pacemaker, on the top surface of the case, or being part of the top surface case. The operational frequency is fixed to be at a relatively low frequency (20 kHz) in order to allow field penetration through the case and to limit the electric and magnetic field safety and thermal increase issues. For each examined configuration, these aspects are investigated by numerical and experimental techniques. The obtained results demonstrate the feasibility of the proposed solutions highlighting their advantages and disadvantages.
2020 IEEE Wireless Power Transfer Conference (WPTC), 2020
This study deals with the analysis of an optimum configuration for a wireless powering system app... more This study deals with the analysis of an optimum configuration for a wireless powering system applied to a left ventricular assisted device (LVAD). The current models of LVAD are miniaturized pump that are attached directly to heart by mini-invasive technique and can be used to treat advanced heart pathologies. The pump is electrically driven by a DC brushless motor powered by an external battery connected to the motor by percutaneous driveline cable. This last is cause of many infections and should be eliminated. Aim of this work is the study of a wireless power transfer (WPT) system used to power the motor replacing the percutaneous driveline. Electrical performances, safety aspects and reliability of the system are all aspects of paramount importance. A backup battery integrated with the implanted secondary coil is also proposed. This solution permits to improve the system reliability with a minimum number of components that must be subcutaneously implanted.
2019 International Symposium on Electromagnetic Compatibility - EMC EUROPE
The paper provides a parametric investigation on the magnetic field produced by a wireless power ... more The paper provides a parametric investigation on the magnetic field produced by a wireless power transfer (WPT) system to recharge the battery of an electric vehicle (EV), varying the position of the secondary coil in the car underbody. The considered WPT charging system operates at the frequency of 85 kHz with a power of 7.7 kW. The WPT system creates a very strong magnetic field that can be critical for human exposure to electromagnetic fields (EMF) and for immunity of implanted medical devices. The presence of the conductive body-frame of the vehicle permits to shield the magnetic field inside the cabin, but beside the vehicle the field level is significant. Several factors (installation position of the secondary coil; coil alignment; vehicle shape and dimensions; ground clearance; body material; etc.) that influence the magnetic field behavior are considered. Different EV-WPT coil configurations are examined and the magnetic field levels are predicted by numerical simulations. From the obtained results general guidelines for the optimal position of the WPT system are provided.
IEEE Transactions on Electromagnetic Compatibility, 2021
This article deals with an innovative wireless charging system for an implanted capsule robot. Th... more This article deals with an innovative wireless charging system for an implanted capsule robot. The transmitting coil is given by a combination of a Helmholtz coil and a birdcage coil. This coil configuration generates a magnetic field with all nonzero field components for any location within the human torso. Therefore, a single axis receiving coil wound around a cylindrical shaped ferrite core is able to receive a significant quantity of electrical energy for any capsule orientation and position. Design guidelines are provided and illustrative examples are given. Assuming a capsule of 2 cm length and 1 cm diameter we can transfer at least 1 W to the load with a minimum power transfer efficiency larger than 10% without considering electronic losses. Finally, compliance with electromagnetic field safety limits is assessed by a numerical dosimetric analysis.
This paper deals with the shielding of the magnetic field generated by two planar coils of a wire... more This paper deals with the shielding of the magnetic field generated by two planar coils of a wireless power transfer (WPT) system at the frequency of tens of kilohertz used in automotive applications. Different shielding techniques using conductive and magnetic materials are examined and discussed highlighting strong and weak points of each other. Finally, the proposed shielding configuration consisting of a combined conductive and magnetic material is applied to model an electric vehicle equipped with a WPT charging system. With this configuration, compliance with the electromagnetic field safety standards can be achieved inside (passengers) or near (pedestrian) the car.
IEEE Transactions on Electromagnetic Compatibility, 2019
The shielding technique by active coils is proposed to mitigate the magnetic field produced by a ... more The shielding technique by active coils is proposed to mitigate the magnetic field produced by a wireless power transfer (WPT) system based on near field coupling. General guidelines are provided for the active shielding design to shield the source for emission reduction or to shield the victim for immunity enhancement. Then, a method is proposed to identify the suitable excitation of the active coils. The proposed method permits the mitigation of the magnetic field in a specific point or of the induced effects in a loop area. Furthermore, the influence of the active shielding on the performance of a WPT system is also investigated. Finally, the proposed solution for active shielding is validated by measurements. A shielding effectiveness (SE) of about 20 dB on the considered area is obtained with a negligible degradation of the WPT system efficiency.
The aim of this study is to predict the electromagnetic interference (EMI) effect produced by a d... more The aim of this study is to predict the electromagnetic interference (EMI) effect produced by a dynamic wireless power transfer (DWPT) system on a buried multiconductor signal cable. The short-track DWPT system architecture is here considered with an operating frequency of 85 kHz and maximum power transferred to an EV equal to 10 kW. The EMI source is the DWPT transmitting coil which is activated when a vehicle passes over it. The electric and magnetic fields in the earth produced by the DWPT coil currents are calculated numerically using the finite elements method (FEM). These fields are then used to derive the voltage and current sources that appear in the field-excited multiconductor transmission line (MTL) model, used for the buried shielded cable. The MTL is analyzed considering the first ten harmonics of the current. The currents and voltages at the terminal ends are calculated considering the wireless charging of a single electric vehicle (EV) first, and then the simultaneous...
2020 International Symposium on Electromagnetic Compatibility - EMC EUROPE, 2020
The diagnostic tool of code current parameters and return traction current interferences is propo... more The diagnostic tool of code current parameters and return traction current interferences is proposed. This apparatuses allows to analyze the spectrum and the value of interferences in the track circuits and to determine their sources. The research results are illustrated. The probability characteristics of return traction current interferences are determined.
This study deals with the design of a near-field wireless power transfer (WPT) system applied to ... more This study deals with the design of a near-field wireless power transfer (WPT) system applied to a left ventricular assist device (LVAD) to treat patients with heart-failure problems. An LVAD is an implanted electrically driven pump connected to the heart and is traditionally powered by batteries external to the human body via a percutaneous driveline cable. The main challenge of wirelessly powering an LVAD implanted deep in the human body is to transfer relatively high power with high efficiency levels. Here the optimal design of the primary and secondary WPT coils is proposed to improve the performance of the WPT, avoiding possible safety problems of electromagnetic fields (EMF). As a main result, an average power of 5 W is continuously delivered to the LVAD by the WPT system working at 6.78 MHz with a total (DC–to–DC) efficiency of approximately 65% for the worst-case configuration.
This study deals with the inductive-based wireless power transfer (WPT) technology applied to pow... more This study deals with the inductive-based wireless power transfer (WPT) technology applied to power a deep implant with no fixed position. The usage of a large primary coil is here proposed in order to obtain a nearly uniform magnetic field inside the human body at intermediate frequencies (IFs). A simple configuration of the primary coil, derived by the Helmholtz theory, is proposed. Then, a detailed analysis is carried out to assess the compliance with electromagnetic field (EMF) safety standards. General guidelines on the design of primary and secondary coils are provided for powering or charging a deep implant of cylindrical shape with or without metal housing. Finally, three different WPT coil demonstrators have been fabricated and tested. The obtained results have demonstrated the validity of the proposed technology.
IEEE Transactions on Microwave Theory and Techniques, 2016
A wireless power transfer (WPT) system based on magnetic resonant coupling is applied to a pacema... more A wireless power transfer (WPT) system based on magnetic resonant coupling is applied to a pacemaker for recharge its battery. The primary coil is assumed to be on-body, while the secondary coil is in-body. Three different configurations of the secondary coil are hereby investigated placing it inside the titanium case of the pacemaker, on the top surface of the case, or being part of the top surface case. The operational frequency is fixed to be at a relatively low frequency (20 kHz) in order to allow field penetration through the case and to limit the electric and magnetic field safety and thermal increase issues. For each examined configuration, these aspects are investigated by numerical and experimental techniques. The obtained results demonstrate the feasibility of the proposed solutions highlighting their advantages and disadvantages.
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Papers by Mauro Feliziani