Notre article s’intègre dans le cadre du projet intitulé Oréodule: un système de reconnaissance, ... more Notre article s’intègre dans le cadre du projet intitulé Oréodule: un système de reconnaissance, de traduction et de synthèse de la parole spontanée. L’objectif de cet article est de présenter un modèle d’étiquetage probabiliste, selon une approche componentielle et sélective. Cette approche ne considère que les éléments de l’énoncé porteurs de sens. La signification de chaque mot est représentée par un ensemble de traits sémantiques Ts. Ce modèle participe au choix des Ts candidats lors du décodage sémantique d’un énoncé.
Echinococcus granulosus sensu lato (s.l.) is the causative agent of cystic echinococcosis (CE), w... more Echinococcus granulosus sensu lato (s.l.) is the causative agent of cystic echinococcosis (CE), which is a cosmopolitan zoonotic parasitic disease infecting humans and a wide range of mammalian species including cattle. Currently, little information is available on the genetic diversity of Echinococcus species among livestock in Sudan. In the present study, fifty (n = 50) hydatid cysts were collected from cattle carcasses (one cyst sample per animal) at Al-kadarou slaughterhouse, Khartoum North, Sudan. DNA was extracted from protoscolices and the germinal layer of each cyst and subsequently amplified by PCR targeting the mitochondrial NADH dehydrogenase subunit 1 (NADH-1) gene. The amplified PCR products were purified and subjected to direct sequencing for subsequent construction of phylogenetic tree and net work analysis. The phylogenetic tree revealed the presence of Echinococcus canadenesis genotype 6 (G6) in 44 cysts (88.0%), Echinococcus ortleppi genotype 5 (G5) in 4 cysts (8.0...
Spontaneous coronary artery dissection (SCAD) is an increasingly recognized cause of acute corona... more Spontaneous coronary artery dissection (SCAD) is an increasingly recognized cause of acute coronary syndrome in young patients. No clear factors exist to predict the natural history of the disease and the prognosis of the condition. Furthermore, current management practice of SCAD is based mainly on retrospective data and case series and clear management guidelines are lacking. In this article, we present a series of cases of patients with SCAD and we will discuss the different clinical presentations, the diagnostic approaches and the options of management of this cohort of patients. Our aim is to outline the challenges of diagnosis and management of this interesting and serious pathology.
Block scheduling during residency is an innovative model in which in-patient and ambulatory rotat... more Block scheduling during residency is an innovative model in which in-patient and ambulatory rotations are separated. We hypothesised that this format may have a positive impact on resident sleep and wellness in comparison with a traditional format. We performed a single-centre, cross-sectional, observational study of residents rotating in the medical intensive care unit (MICU). Residents were observed for 4 weeks at a time: internal medicine (IM) residents were observed for 3 weeks in the MICU followed by 1 week in an ambulatory context, and non-IM residents were observed for 4 weeks in the MICU. We monitored daily total sleep time (TST) utilising actigraphy, and wellness measures with weekly Epworth Sleepiness Scale (ESS) and Perceived Stress Scale (PSS) questionnaires. A total of 64 of 110 (58%) eligible residents participated; data for 49 of 110 (45%) were included in the final analysis. Mean ± standard deviation (SD) daily TST in the entire cohort was 6.53 ± 0.78 hours. Resident...
Previous concordance studies examining accuracy of breast diagnosis by pathologists, typically ta... more Previous concordance studies examining accuracy of breast diagnosis by pathologists, typically targeting difficult, histologically challenging breast lesions using artificial and restrictive environments, have reported aberrantly high levels of diagnostic discordance. The results of these studies may be misinterpreted by non-pathologists and raise concerns relating to routine practice. This study aims to assess the diagnostic agreement among UK breast pathologists. Two hundred and forty consecutive breast lesions, submitted by participants from their routine practice, included in the UK National Health Service Breast Screening Programme (NHSBSP) breast pathology EQA scheme during the last 10 years were reviewed. An average of approximately 600 participants viewed each case. Data on diagnostic categories (benign, atypical, in-situ malignant and invasive malignant) were collected. In this study, benign and atypical diagnoses were grouped together. The overall diagnostic agreement level was in the almost perfect range. Thirty-five cases (14.6%) showed diagnostic concordance of ≤95%. Reasons for discordance included one or more of: (1) scheme methodology limitations such as: (i) miscoding of certain lesions (e.g. phyllodes tumours and lobular neoplasia) (n = 7) and (ii) variable representation of the index lesion on glass slides (n = 18); and (2) diagnostically challenging cases that may be interpreted more easily using immunohistochemistry (n = 28). These latter included benign and malignant papillary lesions (n = 12), complex sclerosing lesions (n = 7), intraductal epithelial proliferative lesions (n = 6) and an unusual special tumour type (n = 1). Further review identified pathologists' misinterpretation in 13 cases (5.4%), with an average discordance rate of only 4.2%. The performance of breast pathologists is high. Exclusion of the effect of the scheme methodology limitations highlights further the high performance rate and identifies true diagnostically challenging entities. These difficult cases may benefit from additional diagnostic work-up and second opinions.
Résumé. Les modèles de Markov cachés (HMM : Hidden Markov Models) (Baum et al., 1970), sont très ... more Résumé. Les modèles de Markov cachés (HMM : Hidden Markov Models) (Baum et al., 1970), sont très utilisés en reconnaissance de la parole et depuis quelques années en compréhension de la parole spontanée latine telle que le français ou l'anglais. Dans cet article, nous proposons d'utiliser et d'évaluer la performance de ce type de modèle pour l'interprétation sémantique de la parole arabe spontanée. Les résultats obtenus sont satisfaisants, nous avons atteint un taux d'erreur de l'ordre de 9,9% en employant un HMM à un seul niveau, avec des probabilités tri_grammes de transitions. Abstract. The HMM (Hidden Markov Models) (Baum et al., 1970), are frequently used in speech recognition and in the comprehension of foreign spontaneous speech such us the french or the english. In this article, we propose using and evaluating the performance of this model type for the semantic interpretation of the spontaneous arabic speech. The obtained results are satisfying; we ha...
Studying insecticide resistance in mosquitoes has attracted the attention of many scientists to e... more Studying insecticide resistance in mosquitoes has attracted the attention of many scientists to elucidate the pathways of resistance development and to design novel strategies in order to prevent or minimize the spread and evolution of resistance. Here, we tested the synergistic action of piperonyl butoxide (PBO) and two octopamine receptor (OR) agonists, amitraz (AMZ) and chlordimeform (CDM) on selected novel insecticides to increase their lethal action on the fourth instar larvae of Aedes aegypti L. However, chlorfenapyr was the most toxic insecticide (LC50 = 193, 102, and 48 ng/ml, after 24, 48, and 72 h exposure, respectively) tested. Further, PBO synergized all insecticides and the most toxic combinatorial insecticide was nitenpyram even after 48 and 72 h exposure. In addition, OR agonists significantly synergized most of the selected insecticides especially after 48 and 72 h exposure. The results imply that the synergistic effects of amitraz are a promising approach in increasing the potency of certain insecticides in controlling the dengue vector Ae. aegypti mosquito.
For parsing Arabic texts in a deterministic and incremental classification approach, we suggest t... more For parsing Arabic texts in a deterministic and incremental classification approach, we suggest that varying discriminative attributes is helpful in disambiguation between structures to classify. That's why; we consider morpho-syntactic information of the current analyzed word and its surrounding context. In addition, we add a new information type: the compositional one. It consists of the portion of the syntactic tree
11th IEEE Symposium on Computers and Communications (ISCC'06), 2006
In this article, we analyze the performance of a twoclass Multistage interconnection network with... more In this article, we analyze the performance of a twoclass Multistage interconnection network with outputbufered SEs, using a discrete priority queueing model. We establish equations for steady state system occupancy distribution. These equations are then used to find important MIN measures, such as throughput, and loss probability. We also discuss the effect on these measures of the different operating parameters,
Saudi Journal of Kidney Diseases and Transplantation, 2013
To determine the risk factors for nephropathy in diabetic patients and to study the management of... more To determine the risk factors for nephropathy in diabetic patients and to study the management of diabetic nephropathy (DN), we conducted a hospital-based prospective study in the Internal Medicine department of our hospital on 60 patients with DN and 60 diabetic patients without DN. An odds ratio (OR) disclosed the following risk factors: Hypertension (OR = 2.06), family history of diabetes (OR = 1.23), family history of DN (OR = 2.86), uncontrolled hyperglycemia (OR = 11.80), obesity (OR = 1.07), duration of diabetes between 11 and 20 years (OR = 4.69), smoking (OR = 2.79), alcohol consumption (OR = 3.75), other complications (OR = 2.03), lack of physical activity (OR = 1.51) and anemia (OR = 2.29). According to these risk factors, we suggest that improving…
We examined the effect of stroma-derived factors, hepatocyte growth factor (HGF) and leptin, on m... more We examined the effect of stroma-derived factors, hepatocyte growth factor (HGF) and leptin, on morphological differentiation of bovine mammary epithelial cells (BMEC) in collagen gel three-dimensional culture in vitro. BMEC treated with HGF, but not leptin, formed duct-like organoids. The formation of organoids by HGF was enhanced by treatment with a mixture of insulin, cortisol and prolactin, while BMEC treated with the mixture alone did not produce the organoid. In contrast, the formation of organoids by HGF was dose-dependently inhibited by simultaneous addition of leptin, regardless of the presence or absence of the hormone mixture. These results suggest that stroma-derived factors intricately regulate mammary epithelial morphogenesis.
Bioscience, biotechnology, and biochemistry, Jan 24, 2014
The present study investigated the anti-obesity effects of pomegranate (Punica granatum) juices f... more The present study investigated the anti-obesity effects of pomegranate (Punica granatum) juices from the two Saudi Arabian, Taif red, Taif white, and Egyptian pomegranates in high-fat diet (HFD)-induced obese rats. Administrating any of the used juices decreased the body weight gain, food consumption, and serum levels of lipid, leptin, and glucose, while it increased serum insulin level. Histologically, all types of juices decreased the number and size of lipid droplets in hepatocytes compared to the obese, non-treated animals. All juices types upregulated the hepatic mRNA expression of hormone-sensitive lipase, pyruvate kinase, and adiponectin in obese rats; the genes were all suppressed by HFD feeding. Additionally, the expression of fatty acid synthase, sterol regulatory element-binding protein-1c, and acetyl-CoA carboxylase1 was also upregulated by all types of juices. Conversely, ghrelin mRNA expression was downregulated by all used…
Notre article s’intègre dans le cadre du projet intitulé Oréodule: un système de reconnaissance, ... more Notre article s’intègre dans le cadre du projet intitulé Oréodule: un système de reconnaissance, de traduction et de synthèse de la parole spontanée. L’objectif de cet article est de présenter un modèle d’étiquetage probabiliste, selon une approche componentielle et sélective. Cette approche ne considère que les éléments de l’énoncé porteurs de sens. La signification de chaque mot est représentée par un ensemble de traits sémantiques Ts. Ce modèle participe au choix des Ts candidats lors du décodage sémantique d’un énoncé.
Echinococcus granulosus sensu lato (s.l.) is the causative agent of cystic echinococcosis (CE), w... more Echinococcus granulosus sensu lato (s.l.) is the causative agent of cystic echinococcosis (CE), which is a cosmopolitan zoonotic parasitic disease infecting humans and a wide range of mammalian species including cattle. Currently, little information is available on the genetic diversity of Echinococcus species among livestock in Sudan. In the present study, fifty (n = 50) hydatid cysts were collected from cattle carcasses (one cyst sample per animal) at Al-kadarou slaughterhouse, Khartoum North, Sudan. DNA was extracted from protoscolices and the germinal layer of each cyst and subsequently amplified by PCR targeting the mitochondrial NADH dehydrogenase subunit 1 (NADH-1) gene. The amplified PCR products were purified and subjected to direct sequencing for subsequent construction of phylogenetic tree and net work analysis. The phylogenetic tree revealed the presence of Echinococcus canadenesis genotype 6 (G6) in 44 cysts (88.0%), Echinococcus ortleppi genotype 5 (G5) in 4 cysts (8.0...
Spontaneous coronary artery dissection (SCAD) is an increasingly recognized cause of acute corona... more Spontaneous coronary artery dissection (SCAD) is an increasingly recognized cause of acute coronary syndrome in young patients. No clear factors exist to predict the natural history of the disease and the prognosis of the condition. Furthermore, current management practice of SCAD is based mainly on retrospective data and case series and clear management guidelines are lacking. In this article, we present a series of cases of patients with SCAD and we will discuss the different clinical presentations, the diagnostic approaches and the options of management of this cohort of patients. Our aim is to outline the challenges of diagnosis and management of this interesting and serious pathology.
Block scheduling during residency is an innovative model in which in-patient and ambulatory rotat... more Block scheduling during residency is an innovative model in which in-patient and ambulatory rotations are separated. We hypothesised that this format may have a positive impact on resident sleep and wellness in comparison with a traditional format. We performed a single-centre, cross-sectional, observational study of residents rotating in the medical intensive care unit (MICU). Residents were observed for 4 weeks at a time: internal medicine (IM) residents were observed for 3 weeks in the MICU followed by 1 week in an ambulatory context, and non-IM residents were observed for 4 weeks in the MICU. We monitored daily total sleep time (TST) utilising actigraphy, and wellness measures with weekly Epworth Sleepiness Scale (ESS) and Perceived Stress Scale (PSS) questionnaires. A total of 64 of 110 (58%) eligible residents participated; data for 49 of 110 (45%) were included in the final analysis. Mean ± standard deviation (SD) daily TST in the entire cohort was 6.53 ± 0.78 hours. Resident...
Previous concordance studies examining accuracy of breast diagnosis by pathologists, typically ta... more Previous concordance studies examining accuracy of breast diagnosis by pathologists, typically targeting difficult, histologically challenging breast lesions using artificial and restrictive environments, have reported aberrantly high levels of diagnostic discordance. The results of these studies may be misinterpreted by non-pathologists and raise concerns relating to routine practice. This study aims to assess the diagnostic agreement among UK breast pathologists. Two hundred and forty consecutive breast lesions, submitted by participants from their routine practice, included in the UK National Health Service Breast Screening Programme (NHSBSP) breast pathology EQA scheme during the last 10 years were reviewed. An average of approximately 600 participants viewed each case. Data on diagnostic categories (benign, atypical, in-situ malignant and invasive malignant) were collected. In this study, benign and atypical diagnoses were grouped together. The overall diagnostic agreement level was in the almost perfect range. Thirty-five cases (14.6%) showed diagnostic concordance of ≤95%. Reasons for discordance included one or more of: (1) scheme methodology limitations such as: (i) miscoding of certain lesions (e.g. phyllodes tumours and lobular neoplasia) (n = 7) and (ii) variable representation of the index lesion on glass slides (n = 18); and (2) diagnostically challenging cases that may be interpreted more easily using immunohistochemistry (n = 28). These latter included benign and malignant papillary lesions (n = 12), complex sclerosing lesions (n = 7), intraductal epithelial proliferative lesions (n = 6) and an unusual special tumour type (n = 1). Further review identified pathologists' misinterpretation in 13 cases (5.4%), with an average discordance rate of only 4.2%. The performance of breast pathologists is high. Exclusion of the effect of the scheme methodology limitations highlights further the high performance rate and identifies true diagnostically challenging entities. These difficult cases may benefit from additional diagnostic work-up and second opinions.
Résumé. Les modèles de Markov cachés (HMM : Hidden Markov Models) (Baum et al., 1970), sont très ... more Résumé. Les modèles de Markov cachés (HMM : Hidden Markov Models) (Baum et al., 1970), sont très utilisés en reconnaissance de la parole et depuis quelques années en compréhension de la parole spontanée latine telle que le français ou l'anglais. Dans cet article, nous proposons d'utiliser et d'évaluer la performance de ce type de modèle pour l'interprétation sémantique de la parole arabe spontanée. Les résultats obtenus sont satisfaisants, nous avons atteint un taux d'erreur de l'ordre de 9,9% en employant un HMM à un seul niveau, avec des probabilités tri_grammes de transitions. Abstract. The HMM (Hidden Markov Models) (Baum et al., 1970), are frequently used in speech recognition and in the comprehension of foreign spontaneous speech such us the french or the english. In this article, we propose using and evaluating the performance of this model type for the semantic interpretation of the spontaneous arabic speech. The obtained results are satisfying; we ha...
Studying insecticide resistance in mosquitoes has attracted the attention of many scientists to e... more Studying insecticide resistance in mosquitoes has attracted the attention of many scientists to elucidate the pathways of resistance development and to design novel strategies in order to prevent or minimize the spread and evolution of resistance. Here, we tested the synergistic action of piperonyl butoxide (PBO) and two octopamine receptor (OR) agonists, amitraz (AMZ) and chlordimeform (CDM) on selected novel insecticides to increase their lethal action on the fourth instar larvae of Aedes aegypti L. However, chlorfenapyr was the most toxic insecticide (LC50 = 193, 102, and 48 ng/ml, after 24, 48, and 72 h exposure, respectively) tested. Further, PBO synergized all insecticides and the most toxic combinatorial insecticide was nitenpyram even after 48 and 72 h exposure. In addition, OR agonists significantly synergized most of the selected insecticides especially after 48 and 72 h exposure. The results imply that the synergistic effects of amitraz are a promising approach in increasing the potency of certain insecticides in controlling the dengue vector Ae. aegypti mosquito.
For parsing Arabic texts in a deterministic and incremental classification approach, we suggest t... more For parsing Arabic texts in a deterministic and incremental classification approach, we suggest that varying discriminative attributes is helpful in disambiguation between structures to classify. That's why; we consider morpho-syntactic information of the current analyzed word and its surrounding context. In addition, we add a new information type: the compositional one. It consists of the portion of the syntactic tree
11th IEEE Symposium on Computers and Communications (ISCC'06), 2006
In this article, we analyze the performance of a twoclass Multistage interconnection network with... more In this article, we analyze the performance of a twoclass Multistage interconnection network with outputbufered SEs, using a discrete priority queueing model. We establish equations for steady state system occupancy distribution. These equations are then used to find important MIN measures, such as throughput, and loss probability. We also discuss the effect on these measures of the different operating parameters,
Saudi Journal of Kidney Diseases and Transplantation, 2013
To determine the risk factors for nephropathy in diabetic patients and to study the management of... more To determine the risk factors for nephropathy in diabetic patients and to study the management of diabetic nephropathy (DN), we conducted a hospital-based prospective study in the Internal Medicine department of our hospital on 60 patients with DN and 60 diabetic patients without DN. An odds ratio (OR) disclosed the following risk factors: Hypertension (OR = 2.06), family history of diabetes (OR = 1.23), family history of DN (OR = 2.86), uncontrolled hyperglycemia (OR = 11.80), obesity (OR = 1.07), duration of diabetes between 11 and 20 years (OR = 4.69), smoking (OR = 2.79), alcohol consumption (OR = 3.75), other complications (OR = 2.03), lack of physical activity (OR = 1.51) and anemia (OR = 2.29). According to these risk factors, we suggest that improving…
We examined the effect of stroma-derived factors, hepatocyte growth factor (HGF) and leptin, on m... more We examined the effect of stroma-derived factors, hepatocyte growth factor (HGF) and leptin, on morphological differentiation of bovine mammary epithelial cells (BMEC) in collagen gel three-dimensional culture in vitro. BMEC treated with HGF, but not leptin, formed duct-like organoids. The formation of organoids by HGF was enhanced by treatment with a mixture of insulin, cortisol and prolactin, while BMEC treated with the mixture alone did not produce the organoid. In contrast, the formation of organoids by HGF was dose-dependently inhibited by simultaneous addition of leptin, regardless of the presence or absence of the hormone mixture. These results suggest that stroma-derived factors intricately regulate mammary epithelial morphogenesis.
Bioscience, biotechnology, and biochemistry, Jan 24, 2014
The present study investigated the anti-obesity effects of pomegranate (Punica granatum) juices f... more The present study investigated the anti-obesity effects of pomegranate (Punica granatum) juices from the two Saudi Arabian, Taif red, Taif white, and Egyptian pomegranates in high-fat diet (HFD)-induced obese rats. Administrating any of the used juices decreased the body weight gain, food consumption, and serum levels of lipid, leptin, and glucose, while it increased serum insulin level. Histologically, all types of juices decreased the number and size of lipid droplets in hepatocytes compared to the obese, non-treated animals. All juices types upregulated the hepatic mRNA expression of hormone-sensitive lipase, pyruvate kinase, and adiponectin in obese rats; the genes were all suppressed by HFD feeding. Additionally, the expression of fatty acid synthase, sterol regulatory element-binding protein-1c, and acetyl-CoA carboxylase1 was also upregulated by all types of juices. Conversely, ghrelin mRNA expression was downregulated by all used…
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