To study the genomics/genetic factors associated with recurrent spontaneous abortion (RSA), as ∼5... more To study the genomics/genetic factors associated with recurrent spontaneous abortion (RSA), as ∼50% of RSA are unexplained. However, chromosome abnormalities have been reported to play major role in RSA. We performed whole genome array-CGH based genomic analysis of forty four Saudi RSA patients to identify potential molecular and chromosomal abnormalities. We identified a total of 845 alterations, usually not detected by classic cytogenetic methods, in different genomic regions using a cut off value of -0.25 and 0.25 for structural loss and gain, whereas -1.0 and 0.58 were used for single copy number deletion and duplication respectively. We identified frequent (present at least in 10% of patients) alterations including three macro-alteration at 8p23.1, 10q11.21-q11.22 and 15q11.2 as well as large numbers of micro-deletions/amplifications with affected genes including 22q11.23 (GSTT1), 3p22.2 (CTDSPL), 6p21.32 (HLA), and 8p22 (MSR1). Pathway analysis of genes located in detected CNV...
The transport of glutamine and alanine into isolated rat colonocytes was studied. The transport o... more The transport of glutamine and alanine into isolated rat colonocytes was studied. The transport of both amino acids appears to be dependent on a Na+ gradient. The apparent Km values for the transport of glutamine and alanine were 2.56 +/- 0.84 and 5.35 +/- 1.20 mM respectively, but with similar Vmax. values. Glutamine and alanine transport were mutually competitive, and the transport of both amino acids was competitively inhibited by 2-methylaminoisobutyrate. In contrast, histidine inhibited the transport of both glutamine and alanine non-competitively. It is concluded that glutamine and alanine are transported into rat colonocytes by a common carrier system similar to System A of other cells. It is suggested that the metabolic function of this transport system in rat colonocytes might be the partial exchange of extracellular glutamine for intracellular alanine.
European Medical, Health and Pharmaceutical Journal, 2016
Vitamin D deficiency is a major health problem in the Saudi population. A negative association be... more Vitamin D deficiency is a major health problem in the Saudi population. A negative association between blood pressure and vitamin D level has been suggested in several clinical and epidemiological studies and evidence for an effect of vitamin D in lowering blood pressure was reported. These findings indicate that 1,25(OH)2D3 deficiency may play a role in the pathogenesis of hypertension through its effect on the renin-angiotensin system. We are the first to investigate the correlation between blood pressure or renin concentration and vitamin D status in the Saudi population METHODS: we included 201 healthy Saudi premenopausal females (20-45 years old). Blood pressure was measured by a standardized method using an automated blood pressure monitor (BPTru). Fasting blood samples were collected from each participant after 20 minutes of rest in the seated position. Serum cholicalciferol, PTH and renin concentration were measured by sandwich chemiluminescence immunoassaymethod (DiaSorin, ...
Vitamin D (vitD) deficiency has been suspected as a risk factor for type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2D... more Vitamin D (vitD) deficiency has been suspected as a risk factor for type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM). It has been reported that an inverse relationship exists between vitD status and risk of T2DM. The aim of this study was to investigate whether there is an association between vitD status and glycemic profile and other metabolic parameters among postmenopausal women with T2DM (living in Saudi Arabia). A cross-sectional study was conducted at King Fahad Medical Research Center, King Abdulaziz University, Jeddah, Saudi Arabia. One thirty six (n = 136) postmenopausal females (age ≥ 50 years) living in Jeddah city, Saudi Arabia, with T2DM were randomly recruited in this study. Anthropometric measures, blood pressure readings and fasting blood samples were obtained fro all study participants. Several biochemical parameters were estimated in fasting serum samples including total 25(OH)D, HbA1c, insulin, glucose, c-peptide and lipid profile. Surrogate markers for insulin resistance were cal...
To evaluate urinary iodine excretion during the course of pregnancy and postpartum in relation to... more To evaluate urinary iodine excretion during the course of pregnancy and postpartum in relation to maternal and neonatal thyroid function parameters in Saudi women living in Jeddah, Kingdom of Saudi Arabia. A prospective longitudinal study was conducted on Saudi normal pregnant women during the course of pregnancy (N=80), at term and 6-10 weeks postpartum (N=65), during the period January 1997 through to December 2000. Maternal urinary iodine excretion was determined together with serum levels of total thyroxine, total tri-iodothyronine, free thyroxine, free tri-iodothyronine, thyrotropin, reverse tri-iodothyronine, thyroxine-binding globulin and thyroglobulin. A group of non-pregnant woman (N=200) were included for comparative purposes. Data were also analyzed for significant trends using ANOVA. Neonatal serum levels of total thyroxine, total tri-iodothyronine, free thyroxine, thyrotropin, thyroxine-binding globulin, and thyroglobulin were also measured. Changes in urinary iodine ex...
INTRODUCTION: To examine the effect of vitamin D3 supplementation on the changes in serum recepto... more INTRODUCTION: To examine the effect of vitamin D3 supplementation on the changes in serum receptor for advanced glycation end products (sRAGE) and serum anti-Müllerian hormone (AMH) among vitamin D–deficient women with polycystic ovary syndrome (PCOS). METHODS: A total of 136 women with (n=68) or without (age-matched control; n=68) PCOS who were diagnosed with vitamin D deficiency were studied. All participants received supplemental oral vitamin D3 (50,000 international units/wk) for 8 weeks, followed by 1,000 international units vitamin D3 supplementation for 16 weeks. All women provided blood samples for the measurements of sRAGE, AMH, and other analytes at baseline and at the end of supplementation (24 weeks). RESULTS: In all participants, there was a negative correlation between body mass index and serum sRAGE levels (r=−0.46, P=.003). In women with PCOS, but not in those in the control group, vitamin D3 supplementation increased serum sRAGE (P<.001) and decreased serum AMH levels (P<.001). The increases in serum sRAGE were positively correlated with the increases in serum 25-hydroxyvitamin D after vitamin D3 supplementation in women with PCOS (r=0.72, P<.001). CONCLUSION: Vitamin D3 supplementation in women with PCOS showed a protective effect against the inflammatory action of advanced glycation end products by enhancing the circulating sRAGEs. The normalization in serum AMH induced by vitamin D3 therapy indicates a possible improvement in folliculogenesis.
Background. Besides lipid-lowering effect of statins, they have been shown to have nonlipid lower... more Background. Besides lipid-lowering effect of statins, they have been shown to have nonlipid lowering effects, such as improving bone health. An improvement in bone mineral density (BMD) has been indicated in some studies after the use of statins, in addition to an increase in 25-hydroxyvitamin D (25OHD) level. The aim of this study is to explore the association between statins and bone health taking into consideration 25OHD level and BMD.Methods. This is a randomized, cross-sectional comparative study. Subjects were divided into two groups, hypercholesterolemic participants taking simvastatin or atorvastatin as the study group and a matched control group not taking statins. All participants were assessed for serum 25OHD and BMD at lumbar spine and femoral neck.Results. A total of 114 participants were included in the study, 57 participants in each group. Results of serum 25OHD showed no significant difference between study and control groups (P=0.47), while BMD results of lumbar spi...
To establish normative values and distribution parameters of first-trimester screening markers, n... more To establish normative values and distribution parameters of first-trimester screening markers, namely, fetal nuchal translucency (NT), maternal serum free beta-human chorionic gonadotrophin (beta-hCG) and pregnancy-associated plasma protein-A (PAPP-A), at 10 to 13(+6) weeks of gestation in Saudi women and to evaluate the effect of co-variables including maternal body weight, gravidity, parity, fetal gender, twin pregnancy, smoking and ethnicity on these markers. A cohort of Saudi women (first cohort n = 1616) with singleton pregnancies prospectively participated in the present study, and fetal NT together with maternal serum free beta-hCG and PAPP-A were determined at 10 to 13(+6) weeks of gestation. The distribution of gestational age-independent multiples of the median (MoM) of the parameters was defined and normative values were established, and correction for maternal body weight was made accordingly. The influence of various co-variables was examined using the data collected from the first and the second (n = 1849) cohorts of women and 62 twin pregnancies, and compared with other studies. All markers exhibited log-normally distributed MoMs. Gestational age-independent normative values were established. Maternal body weight was corrected, particularly for maternal free beta-hCG and PAPP-A using standard methods. Fetal NT showed a negative relationship with increasing gravidity (r = -0.296) or parity (r = -0.311), whereas both free beta-hCG and PAPP-A exhibited a significant positive relationship. There was a significant increase in the MoM of free beta-hCG in female fetuses. Smoking decreased MoM values of free beta-hCG (by 14.6%; P &amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;lt; 0.01) and PAPP-A (by 18.8%; P &amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;lt; 0.001). Twin pregnancy showed significant increases in MoM values of free beta-hCG (by 1.87-fold) and PAPP-A (by 2.24-fold), with no significant changes in fetal NT MoM values. Fetal NT MoM values were lower in Africans and Asians but higher in Orientals, as compared to Saudi women (P &amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;lt; 0.05; in each case). MoM values (body weight-corrected) of free beta-hCG were 25.2% higher in Africans and 19.4% higher in Orientals but 6.8% lower in other Arabian and Asian (by 5.8%) women as compared to Saudi women (P &amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;lt; 0.05; in each case). The normative values and distribution parameters for fetal NT, maternal serum free beta-hCG and PAPP-A were established in Saudi singleton pregnancies, the maternal body weight together with smoking, twin pregnancy and ethnicity being important first-trimester screening co-variables. Gravidity, parity and fetal gender are also considered to influence one or more of the first-trimester markers examined.
To study the genomics/genetic factors associated with recurrent spontaneous abortion (RSA), as ∼5... more To study the genomics/genetic factors associated with recurrent spontaneous abortion (RSA), as ∼50% of RSA are unexplained. However, chromosome abnormalities have been reported to play major role in RSA. We performed whole genome array-CGH based genomic analysis of forty four Saudi RSA patients to identify potential molecular and chromosomal abnormalities. We identified a total of 845 alterations, usually not detected by classic cytogenetic methods, in different genomic regions using a cut off value of -0.25 and 0.25 for structural loss and gain, whereas -1.0 and 0.58 were used for single copy number deletion and duplication respectively. We identified frequent (present at least in 10% of patients) alterations including three macro-alteration at 8p23.1, 10q11.21-q11.22 and 15q11.2 as well as large numbers of micro-deletions/amplifications with affected genes including 22q11.23 (GSTT1), 3p22.2 (CTDSPL), 6p21.32 (HLA), and 8p22 (MSR1). Pathway analysis of genes located in detected CNV...
The transport of glutamine and alanine into isolated rat colonocytes was studied. The transport o... more The transport of glutamine and alanine into isolated rat colonocytes was studied. The transport of both amino acids appears to be dependent on a Na+ gradient. The apparent Km values for the transport of glutamine and alanine were 2.56 +/- 0.84 and 5.35 +/- 1.20 mM respectively, but with similar Vmax. values. Glutamine and alanine transport were mutually competitive, and the transport of both amino acids was competitively inhibited by 2-methylaminoisobutyrate. In contrast, histidine inhibited the transport of both glutamine and alanine non-competitively. It is concluded that glutamine and alanine are transported into rat colonocytes by a common carrier system similar to System A of other cells. It is suggested that the metabolic function of this transport system in rat colonocytes might be the partial exchange of extracellular glutamine for intracellular alanine.
European Medical, Health and Pharmaceutical Journal, 2016
Vitamin D deficiency is a major health problem in the Saudi population. A negative association be... more Vitamin D deficiency is a major health problem in the Saudi population. A negative association between blood pressure and vitamin D level has been suggested in several clinical and epidemiological studies and evidence for an effect of vitamin D in lowering blood pressure was reported. These findings indicate that 1,25(OH)2D3 deficiency may play a role in the pathogenesis of hypertension through its effect on the renin-angiotensin system. We are the first to investigate the correlation between blood pressure or renin concentration and vitamin D status in the Saudi population METHODS: we included 201 healthy Saudi premenopausal females (20-45 years old). Blood pressure was measured by a standardized method using an automated blood pressure monitor (BPTru). Fasting blood samples were collected from each participant after 20 minutes of rest in the seated position. Serum cholicalciferol, PTH and renin concentration were measured by sandwich chemiluminescence immunoassaymethod (DiaSorin, ...
Vitamin D (vitD) deficiency has been suspected as a risk factor for type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2D... more Vitamin D (vitD) deficiency has been suspected as a risk factor for type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM). It has been reported that an inverse relationship exists between vitD status and risk of T2DM. The aim of this study was to investigate whether there is an association between vitD status and glycemic profile and other metabolic parameters among postmenopausal women with T2DM (living in Saudi Arabia). A cross-sectional study was conducted at King Fahad Medical Research Center, King Abdulaziz University, Jeddah, Saudi Arabia. One thirty six (n = 136) postmenopausal females (age ≥ 50 years) living in Jeddah city, Saudi Arabia, with T2DM were randomly recruited in this study. Anthropometric measures, blood pressure readings and fasting blood samples were obtained fro all study participants. Several biochemical parameters were estimated in fasting serum samples including total 25(OH)D, HbA1c, insulin, glucose, c-peptide and lipid profile. Surrogate markers for insulin resistance were cal...
To evaluate urinary iodine excretion during the course of pregnancy and postpartum in relation to... more To evaluate urinary iodine excretion during the course of pregnancy and postpartum in relation to maternal and neonatal thyroid function parameters in Saudi women living in Jeddah, Kingdom of Saudi Arabia. A prospective longitudinal study was conducted on Saudi normal pregnant women during the course of pregnancy (N=80), at term and 6-10 weeks postpartum (N=65), during the period January 1997 through to December 2000. Maternal urinary iodine excretion was determined together with serum levels of total thyroxine, total tri-iodothyronine, free thyroxine, free tri-iodothyronine, thyrotropin, reverse tri-iodothyronine, thyroxine-binding globulin and thyroglobulin. A group of non-pregnant woman (N=200) were included for comparative purposes. Data were also analyzed for significant trends using ANOVA. Neonatal serum levels of total thyroxine, total tri-iodothyronine, free thyroxine, thyrotropin, thyroxine-binding globulin, and thyroglobulin were also measured. Changes in urinary iodine ex...
INTRODUCTION: To examine the effect of vitamin D3 supplementation on the changes in serum recepto... more INTRODUCTION: To examine the effect of vitamin D3 supplementation on the changes in serum receptor for advanced glycation end products (sRAGE) and serum anti-Müllerian hormone (AMH) among vitamin D–deficient women with polycystic ovary syndrome (PCOS). METHODS: A total of 136 women with (n=68) or without (age-matched control; n=68) PCOS who were diagnosed with vitamin D deficiency were studied. All participants received supplemental oral vitamin D3 (50,000 international units/wk) for 8 weeks, followed by 1,000 international units vitamin D3 supplementation for 16 weeks. All women provided blood samples for the measurements of sRAGE, AMH, and other analytes at baseline and at the end of supplementation (24 weeks). RESULTS: In all participants, there was a negative correlation between body mass index and serum sRAGE levels (r=−0.46, P=.003). In women with PCOS, but not in those in the control group, vitamin D3 supplementation increased serum sRAGE (P<.001) and decreased serum AMH levels (P<.001). The increases in serum sRAGE were positively correlated with the increases in serum 25-hydroxyvitamin D after vitamin D3 supplementation in women with PCOS (r=0.72, P<.001). CONCLUSION: Vitamin D3 supplementation in women with PCOS showed a protective effect against the inflammatory action of advanced glycation end products by enhancing the circulating sRAGEs. The normalization in serum AMH induced by vitamin D3 therapy indicates a possible improvement in folliculogenesis.
Background. Besides lipid-lowering effect of statins, they have been shown to have nonlipid lower... more Background. Besides lipid-lowering effect of statins, they have been shown to have nonlipid lowering effects, such as improving bone health. An improvement in bone mineral density (BMD) has been indicated in some studies after the use of statins, in addition to an increase in 25-hydroxyvitamin D (25OHD) level. The aim of this study is to explore the association between statins and bone health taking into consideration 25OHD level and BMD.Methods. This is a randomized, cross-sectional comparative study. Subjects were divided into two groups, hypercholesterolemic participants taking simvastatin or atorvastatin as the study group and a matched control group not taking statins. All participants were assessed for serum 25OHD and BMD at lumbar spine and femoral neck.Results. A total of 114 participants were included in the study, 57 participants in each group. Results of serum 25OHD showed no significant difference between study and control groups (P=0.47), while BMD results of lumbar spi...
To establish normative values and distribution parameters of first-trimester screening markers, n... more To establish normative values and distribution parameters of first-trimester screening markers, namely, fetal nuchal translucency (NT), maternal serum free beta-human chorionic gonadotrophin (beta-hCG) and pregnancy-associated plasma protein-A (PAPP-A), at 10 to 13(+6) weeks of gestation in Saudi women and to evaluate the effect of co-variables including maternal body weight, gravidity, parity, fetal gender, twin pregnancy, smoking and ethnicity on these markers. A cohort of Saudi women (first cohort n = 1616) with singleton pregnancies prospectively participated in the present study, and fetal NT together with maternal serum free beta-hCG and PAPP-A were determined at 10 to 13(+6) weeks of gestation. The distribution of gestational age-independent multiples of the median (MoM) of the parameters was defined and normative values were established, and correction for maternal body weight was made accordingly. The influence of various co-variables was examined using the data collected from the first and the second (n = 1849) cohorts of women and 62 twin pregnancies, and compared with other studies. All markers exhibited log-normally distributed MoMs. Gestational age-independent normative values were established. Maternal body weight was corrected, particularly for maternal free beta-hCG and PAPP-A using standard methods. Fetal NT showed a negative relationship with increasing gravidity (r = -0.296) or parity (r = -0.311), whereas both free beta-hCG and PAPP-A exhibited a significant positive relationship. There was a significant increase in the MoM of free beta-hCG in female fetuses. Smoking decreased MoM values of free beta-hCG (by 14.6%; P &amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;lt; 0.01) and PAPP-A (by 18.8%; P &amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;lt; 0.001). Twin pregnancy showed significant increases in MoM values of free beta-hCG (by 1.87-fold) and PAPP-A (by 2.24-fold), with no significant changes in fetal NT MoM values. Fetal NT MoM values were lower in Africans and Asians but higher in Orientals, as compared to Saudi women (P &amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;lt; 0.05; in each case). MoM values (body weight-corrected) of free beta-hCG were 25.2% higher in Africans and 19.4% higher in Orientals but 6.8% lower in other Arabian and Asian (by 5.8%) women as compared to Saudi women (P &amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;lt; 0.05; in each case). The normative values and distribution parameters for fetal NT, maternal serum free beta-hCG and PAPP-A were established in Saudi singleton pregnancies, the maternal body weight together with smoking, twin pregnancy and ethnicity being important first-trimester screening co-variables. Gravidity, parity and fetal gender are also considered to influence one or more of the first-trimester markers examined.
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