ABSTRACT: The development of world trade along with accelerated globalization has an effect not o... more ABSTRACT: The development of world trade along with accelerated globalization has an effect not only on economic development or the strengthening of international cooperation but also facilitated sophisticated mechanisms by which the payment of tax obligations by multinational companies is circumvented. Transfer pricing and tax havens, considered both individual and combined practices, negatively affect a country's ability to implement fiscal policy and improve budget revenue collection capacity. The problem is even greater in the case of states with a fragile economy, where the dynamics of development is vitally related to the elimination of legal, immoral, or illegal tax evasion practices. The Transfer pricing mechanism has also been optimized to handle taxable transactions between companies affiliated to a particular group. Multinational companies avoid taxes by overestimating imports and underestimating exports, thus managing to distribute revenues in various regions of the ...
The development of world trade along with accelerated globalization has an effect not only on eco... more The development of world trade along with accelerated globalization has an effect not only on economic development or the strengthening of international cooperation, but also facilitated sophisticated mechanisms by which the payment of tax obligations by multinational companies is circumvented. Transfer pricing and tax havens, considered both individual and combined practices, negatively affect a country's ability to implement fiscal policy and improve budget revenue collection capacity. The problem is even greater in the case of states with a fragile economy, where the dynamics of development is vitally related to the elimination of legal, immoral or illegal tax evasion practices. The Transfer pricing mechanism has also been optimized to handle taxable transactions between companies affiliated to a particular group. Multinational companies avoid taxes by overestimating imports and underestimating exports, thus managing to distribute revenues in various regions of the globe that...
Through fiscal policy, the government can influence businesses and individuals in order to regula... more Through fiscal policy, the government can influence businesses and individuals in order to regulate their behaviour. The research used panel data from all 27 EU countries covering the period 2008–2020 to investigate the impact of direct taxation on economic growth at the level of two main clusters of countries concerning fiscal efficiency. Therefore, the analysis employed cluster methods to classify the main EU countries in both groups of countries with a high level of fiscal efficiency and those with a rather limited level of fiscal efficiency. The study employs fixed effect models and dynamic GMM methods to investigate the effect of direct taxation components (personal and corporate income taxes) on economic growth. The analysis also considers the informal economy’s role in relation to the official economy. The empirical results revealed that corporate income taxes significantly negatively impact economic growth for both clusters of high- and limited fiscal efficiency countries. A...
ABSTRACT: The treatment of virtual currencies when it comes to income tax differs as much as the ... more ABSTRACT: The treatment of virtual currencies when it comes to income tax differs as much as the definitions of virtual currencies from country to country. It depends on this definition whether the existing laws corresponding to income tax can also include virtual currencies. Most commonly, virtual currencies fall under a certain category of income and thus are taxed accordingly. Many states have also published clarifying documents on how virtual currencies fit for tax purposes and how the existing legislative framework applies to them. Very few states consider cryptocurrencies as another type of currency, complementary to the usual one, whether we are talking about domestic or foreign markets, thus including them for tax purposes. KEY WORDS: Tax system, Cryptocurrencies, legislation, regulation
ABSTRACT: Technologically advanced companies attract more advanced businesses in the field of AI ... more ABSTRACT: Technologically advanced companies attract more advanced businesses in the field of AI or adapt their business more easily to everyday realities. This allows them to accumulate capital more easily, with fewer human resources, giving sustainability to the business in the long run, but not to the society. The incredible speed with which technology has developed has often left a gap in the regulation or legal requirements of new technologies. The lack of this regulation has become extremely visible in the field of cryptocurrencies, virtual money, without necessarily having an intrinsic value, which, however, circulate unhindered and produce effects on the entire chain of economic value. KEYWORDS: cryptocurrencies, regulations, bitcoin, blockchain, financial technology
The theory that accredits return to power in foreign policy agenda of major players is increasing... more The theory that accredits return to power in foreign policy agenda of major players is increasingly gaining legitimacy as geopolitical moves are grafted onto a military infrastructure, gradually consolidated in recent years. Such an assertive posture is highly visible when it comes to Russian Federation, obsessively committed to broadening its military architecture by placing or consolidating bases in most of the ex-soviet countries, reclaiming thus, the so called “canonical” space of influence. From Tadjikistan to Georgia and Ukraine, Moskova plays a game of self containment keeping the West as far as possible, by also obstructing these countries to continue their European and trans-Atlantic itinerary. This is nevertheless the merit of Vladimir Putin, who will block the utopist process of “relations reset” with the United States, by installing the Cold War logic.
National Security & Foreign Relations Law eJournal, 2015
The Black Sea Region proved its strategic value in time, while today is even more important due t... more The Black Sea Region proved its strategic value in time, while today is even more important due to the geo-political evolutions in the region. Located at the crossroads of three security complexes, The Black Sea Region represents an area of strategic opportunities, characterized by a great diversity of people and cultures. In this region characterized by tensions and frozen conflicts, the responsibility for the peace and prosperity belongs, in the first place, to the border countries which, with the help from some non-state actors, could turn the Wider Black Sea Region into a stable area and into “a security producer†. Our paper assesses the geo-strategic importance of the Black Sea Region given the fact that this area represents a crossroad between three major geopolitical areas – Eastern Europe, Southern Europe and the Middle East – making this part of the old European continent the place where big transport corridors linking Europe to Central Asia meet. Our analysis will ...
Romanian Abstract: Articolul realizează o radiografie succintă a evoluţiilor din Ucraina si, subs... more Romanian Abstract: Articolul realizează o radiografie succintă a evoluţiilor din Ucraina si, subsecvent, a modului in care interese de sorginte globală pot erupe in regiuni aparent decuplate de nucleul disputei. Războiul din estul Ucrainei este prin excelenţă un conflict disjuns din antagonismul ruso-american, Moscova incercând prin acest pivot agresiv readucerea Washingtonului la masa negocierii. Statele din estul si centrul Europei sunt prinse intr-o menghină a rivalităţilor cu alonjă globală, al cărui recul va fi resimţit puternic de intreaga regiune. Cu tenacitate diplomatică România poate specula abil această situaţie de criză, ce poate fi inţeleasă in egală măsură drept o fereastră de oportunitate.English Abstract: The current analysis aims at revealing briefly the recent evolutions in Ukraine, and subsequently, the levers by which interests of global relevance can erupt in regions apparently dettached by the core dispute. The war in Eastern Ukraine is, par excellence, a confl...
Impact of Socio-economic and Technological Transformations at National, European and International Level, 2015
The current analysis aims at revealing briefly the recent evolutions in Ukraine, and subsequently... more The current analysis aims at revealing briefly the recent evolutions in Ukraine, and subsequently, the levers by which interests of global relevance can erupt in regions apparently detached by the core dispute. The war in Eastern Ukraine is, par excellence, a conflict resulting from US-Russian antagonism. On another train of thoughts, Moscow is trying by any means to bring Washington back to the negotiating table. The states from Eastern and Central Europe are caught at the moment in this trap of rivalries with global expansion, generating a recoil that will inflame the entire region. Assuming that Romania will be capable of playing a tenacious diplomatic game, the current situation can prove itself resoruceful, giving the fact the every crisis scenario can be seen also as a window of opportunity.
A collection of multiple articles on social, political and humanistic sciences with topics rangin... more A collection of multiple articles on social, political and humanistic sciences with topics ranging from Romanian minorities to security paradigms.
A collection of multiple articles on social, political and humanistic sciences with topics rangin... more A collection of multiple articles on social, political and humanistic sciences with topics ranging from Romanian minorities to security paradigms.
ABSTRACT: The development of world trade along with accelerated globalization has an effect not o... more ABSTRACT: The development of world trade along with accelerated globalization has an effect not only on economic development or the strengthening of international cooperation but also facilitated sophisticated mechanisms by which the payment of tax obligations by multinational companies is circumvented. Transfer pricing and tax havens, considered both individual and combined practices, negatively affect a country's ability to implement fiscal policy and improve budget revenue collection capacity. The problem is even greater in the case of states with a fragile economy, where the dynamics of development is vitally related to the elimination of legal, immoral, or illegal tax evasion practices. The Transfer pricing mechanism has also been optimized to handle taxable transactions between companies affiliated to a particular group. Multinational companies avoid taxes by overestimating imports and underestimating exports, thus managing to distribute revenues in various regions of the ...
The development of world trade along with accelerated globalization has an effect not only on eco... more The development of world trade along with accelerated globalization has an effect not only on economic development or the strengthening of international cooperation, but also facilitated sophisticated mechanisms by which the payment of tax obligations by multinational companies is circumvented. Transfer pricing and tax havens, considered both individual and combined practices, negatively affect a country's ability to implement fiscal policy and improve budget revenue collection capacity. The problem is even greater in the case of states with a fragile economy, where the dynamics of development is vitally related to the elimination of legal, immoral or illegal tax evasion practices. The Transfer pricing mechanism has also been optimized to handle taxable transactions between companies affiliated to a particular group. Multinational companies avoid taxes by overestimating imports and underestimating exports, thus managing to distribute revenues in various regions of the globe that...
Through fiscal policy, the government can influence businesses and individuals in order to regula... more Through fiscal policy, the government can influence businesses and individuals in order to regulate their behaviour. The research used panel data from all 27 EU countries covering the period 2008–2020 to investigate the impact of direct taxation on economic growth at the level of two main clusters of countries concerning fiscal efficiency. Therefore, the analysis employed cluster methods to classify the main EU countries in both groups of countries with a high level of fiscal efficiency and those with a rather limited level of fiscal efficiency. The study employs fixed effect models and dynamic GMM methods to investigate the effect of direct taxation components (personal and corporate income taxes) on economic growth. The analysis also considers the informal economy’s role in relation to the official economy. The empirical results revealed that corporate income taxes significantly negatively impact economic growth for both clusters of high- and limited fiscal efficiency countries. A...
ABSTRACT: The treatment of virtual currencies when it comes to income tax differs as much as the ... more ABSTRACT: The treatment of virtual currencies when it comes to income tax differs as much as the definitions of virtual currencies from country to country. It depends on this definition whether the existing laws corresponding to income tax can also include virtual currencies. Most commonly, virtual currencies fall under a certain category of income and thus are taxed accordingly. Many states have also published clarifying documents on how virtual currencies fit for tax purposes and how the existing legislative framework applies to them. Very few states consider cryptocurrencies as another type of currency, complementary to the usual one, whether we are talking about domestic or foreign markets, thus including them for tax purposes. KEY WORDS: Tax system, Cryptocurrencies, legislation, regulation
ABSTRACT: Technologically advanced companies attract more advanced businesses in the field of AI ... more ABSTRACT: Technologically advanced companies attract more advanced businesses in the field of AI or adapt their business more easily to everyday realities. This allows them to accumulate capital more easily, with fewer human resources, giving sustainability to the business in the long run, but not to the society. The incredible speed with which technology has developed has often left a gap in the regulation or legal requirements of new technologies. The lack of this regulation has become extremely visible in the field of cryptocurrencies, virtual money, without necessarily having an intrinsic value, which, however, circulate unhindered and produce effects on the entire chain of economic value. KEYWORDS: cryptocurrencies, regulations, bitcoin, blockchain, financial technology
The theory that accredits return to power in foreign policy agenda of major players is increasing... more The theory that accredits return to power in foreign policy agenda of major players is increasingly gaining legitimacy as geopolitical moves are grafted onto a military infrastructure, gradually consolidated in recent years. Such an assertive posture is highly visible when it comes to Russian Federation, obsessively committed to broadening its military architecture by placing or consolidating bases in most of the ex-soviet countries, reclaiming thus, the so called “canonical” space of influence. From Tadjikistan to Georgia and Ukraine, Moskova plays a game of self containment keeping the West as far as possible, by also obstructing these countries to continue their European and trans-Atlantic itinerary. This is nevertheless the merit of Vladimir Putin, who will block the utopist process of “relations reset” with the United States, by installing the Cold War logic.
National Security & Foreign Relations Law eJournal, 2015
The Black Sea Region proved its strategic value in time, while today is even more important due t... more The Black Sea Region proved its strategic value in time, while today is even more important due to the geo-political evolutions in the region. Located at the crossroads of three security complexes, The Black Sea Region represents an area of strategic opportunities, characterized by a great diversity of people and cultures. In this region characterized by tensions and frozen conflicts, the responsibility for the peace and prosperity belongs, in the first place, to the border countries which, with the help from some non-state actors, could turn the Wider Black Sea Region into a stable area and into “a security producer†. Our paper assesses the geo-strategic importance of the Black Sea Region given the fact that this area represents a crossroad between three major geopolitical areas – Eastern Europe, Southern Europe and the Middle East – making this part of the old European continent the place where big transport corridors linking Europe to Central Asia meet. Our analysis will ...
Romanian Abstract: Articolul realizează o radiografie succintă a evoluţiilor din Ucraina si, subs... more Romanian Abstract: Articolul realizează o radiografie succintă a evoluţiilor din Ucraina si, subsecvent, a modului in care interese de sorginte globală pot erupe in regiuni aparent decuplate de nucleul disputei. Războiul din estul Ucrainei este prin excelenţă un conflict disjuns din antagonismul ruso-american, Moscova incercând prin acest pivot agresiv readucerea Washingtonului la masa negocierii. Statele din estul si centrul Europei sunt prinse intr-o menghină a rivalităţilor cu alonjă globală, al cărui recul va fi resimţit puternic de intreaga regiune. Cu tenacitate diplomatică România poate specula abil această situaţie de criză, ce poate fi inţeleasă in egală măsură drept o fereastră de oportunitate.English Abstract: The current analysis aims at revealing briefly the recent evolutions in Ukraine, and subsequently, the levers by which interests of global relevance can erupt in regions apparently dettached by the core dispute. The war in Eastern Ukraine is, par excellence, a confl...
Impact of Socio-economic and Technological Transformations at National, European and International Level, 2015
The current analysis aims at revealing briefly the recent evolutions in Ukraine, and subsequently... more The current analysis aims at revealing briefly the recent evolutions in Ukraine, and subsequently, the levers by which interests of global relevance can erupt in regions apparently detached by the core dispute. The war in Eastern Ukraine is, par excellence, a conflict resulting from US-Russian antagonism. On another train of thoughts, Moscow is trying by any means to bring Washington back to the negotiating table. The states from Eastern and Central Europe are caught at the moment in this trap of rivalries with global expansion, generating a recoil that will inflame the entire region. Assuming that Romania will be capable of playing a tenacious diplomatic game, the current situation can prove itself resoruceful, giving the fact the every crisis scenario can be seen also as a window of opportunity.
A collection of multiple articles on social, political and humanistic sciences with topics rangin... more A collection of multiple articles on social, political and humanistic sciences with topics ranging from Romanian minorities to security paradigms.
A collection of multiple articles on social, political and humanistic sciences with topics rangin... more A collection of multiple articles on social, political and humanistic sciences with topics ranging from Romanian minorities to security paradigms.
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Papers by Narciz Balasoiu