Perhaps one of the biggest challenges to the quantification of atmospheric black carbon and its i... more Perhaps one of the biggest challenges to the quantification of atmospheric black carbon and its impact on air quality and climate is the lack of a universally accepted method for calibrating the numerous methods that are used for measuring the mass and optical properties of BC There have been a number of studies to intercompare the different methods for quantifying
A major aspect of monitoring the atmosphere is the quantification of man-made pollution and their... more A major aspect of monitoring the atmosphere is the quantification of man-made pollution and their interactions with the environment. Key physico-chemical characteristics of diesel exhaust particulates of sea-going ship emissions are presented with respect to morphology, microstructure, and chemical composition. Heavy fuel oil (HFO)-derived particles exhibit extremely complex chemistry. They demonstrate three distinct morphological structures with different chemical composition, namely soot, char and mineral/ash. The composition analysis investigates the content of environmentally-dangerous pollutants: metals, inorganic/mineral species, and soluble, volatile organic and ionic compounds. It is found that hazardous constituents from HFO combustion, such as transitional and alkali earth metals (V, Ni, Ca, Fe) and their soluble or insoluble chemical forms (sulfides, sulfates, oxides, carbides), are released together with particles into the atmosphere. The water soluble fraction, more than 27 wt%, is dominated by sulfates and calcium cations. They cause the high hygroscopicity of ship exhaust particles and their possible ability to act as cloud nuclei in humid marine environment.
Perhaps one of the biggest challenges to the quantification of atmospheric black carbon and its i... more Perhaps one of the biggest challenges to the quantification of atmospheric black carbon and its impact on air quality and climate is the lack of a universally accepted method for calibrating the numerous methods that are used for measuring the mass and optical properties of BC There have been a number of studies to intercompare the different methods for quantifying
A major aspect of monitoring the atmosphere is the quantification of man-made pollution and their... more A major aspect of monitoring the atmosphere is the quantification of man-made pollution and their interactions with the environment. Key physico-chemical characteristics of diesel exhaust particulates of sea-going ship emissions are presented with respect to morphology, microstructure, and chemical composition. Heavy fuel oil (HFO)-derived particles exhibit extremely complex chemistry. They demonstrate three distinct morphological structures with different chemical composition, namely soot, char and mineral/ash. The composition analysis investigates the content of environmentally-dangerous pollutants: metals, inorganic/mineral species, and soluble, volatile organic and ionic compounds. It is found that hazardous constituents from HFO combustion, such as transitional and alkali earth metals (V, Ni, Ca, Fe) and their soluble or insoluble chemical forms (sulfides, sulfates, oxides, carbides), are released together with particles into the atmosphere. The water soluble fraction, more than 27 wt%, is dominated by sulfates and calcium cations. They cause the high hygroscopicity of ship exhaust particles and their possible ability to act as cloud nuclei in humid marine environment.
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