ABSTRACT The focus of this paper is the state of conservation of the Afro-Brazilian mosques in Yo... more ABSTRACT The focus of this paper is the state of conservation of the Afro-Brazilian mosques in Yorubaland in Nigeria. These mosques signify a symbolic moment in West Africa’s architectural history as a cross-fertilization of Luso-Brazilian architectural elements with West African Islamic architectural traditions. Their architectural characteristics have been described based on extensive fieldwork in Yorubaland, during which they have been identified, located and documented. By utilizing physical observations, anecdotal evidence, and secondary literature, the paper categorizes the Afro-Brazilian mosques according to their typological and morphologic characteristics and identifies their heritage values. Their significance is highlighted as the evidence of cross-fertilization of imported and local architectural ideas as well as the negotiation of the indigenes with this imported architecture and its implications for urban memory. After addressing the conservation problems concerning the legacy of Afro-Brazilian mosques, the paper finally recommends a way forward for mobilizing action in response to their deterioration and loss.
The analysis of Anglican religious spaces created in British West Africa has been neglected in ar... more The analysis of Anglican religious spaces created in British West Africa has been neglected in architectural historiography. This article advances knowledge by investigating ecclesiastical architecture in British colonial Yorubaland (South-West Nigeria). A case study method, combining physical documentation of the existing church sites and a review of church compendiums and other documentation, has been employed to explore and explain in detail the history and formation of Anglican religious spaces. Our research produced new knowledge about the genesis and evolution of the typology, morphology, and visual representations of Anglican religious buildings, as well as the motivations and ideals of the people who commissioned, designed, and constructed them. This architectural journey approximately begins in the 1840s with the arrival of missionaries who initiated the construction of churches using the region’s traditional ephemeral mud-and-thatch structures. However, the British clergy on the ground assumed the role of ‘civilising’ the African communities, using the architecture of ecclesiastical space to shape the communal perceptions of architectural propriety. By the 1880s, they introduced brick-walled and iron-roofed hall-type churches. By the first half of the twentieth century, Anglican ecclesiastical architecture in Yorubaland was dominated by the Gothic Revival style in basilica typology, inspired mainly by Early English Gothic architecture. The article reveals how the architectural and technological transfers from the West continued synchronously with evangelism to create the prescribed image of the Anglican church in Yorubaland. This played a significant role in consolidating British imperial power, as happened elsewhere in the British Empire.
Energy Sources, Part A: Recovery, Utilization, and Environmental Effects, 2019
ABSTRACT The main aim of this study is to review researches that have been carried out on solar a... more ABSTRACT The main aim of this study is to review researches that have been carried out on solar assisted HVAC systems. The objective is to design a basic solar assisted air conditioning system that uses CO2 as a refrigerant. The performance analysis of the system is done with EES and Copeland Scroll software. Research about the solar-assisted HVAC system has advanced as some studies reveal solar-assisted system that can operate for 24 h. In this kind of system, the storage is important and takes a sizeable amount of space and cost in the design. Also, LiBr is one of the most commonly used efficient absorber in absorption refrigeration for HVAC. The details of all the findings and the performance of the system designed is given in the paper.
PurposeThe purpose of this paper is to examine the current conservation state of colonial-era ecc... more PurposeThe purpose of this paper is to examine the current conservation state of colonial-era ecclesiastical buildings in Yorubaland (South-Western Nigeria) and the mechanics of their upkeep. The article also discusses the parameters of formulating a balanced protection-use model for the management of these buildings.Design/methodology/approachThis study adopts a mixed-methods approach, combining participatory observations and documentation, semi-structured interviews and the review of church compendiums. Forty-four church buildings were identified and surveyed, and sixty-one semi-structured interviews were conducted.FindingsA gradual change in how communities value colonial-era churches in contrast to other structures with ecclesiastical legacies has been identified. The challenges and threats to their protection are investigated, revealing a variety of contextual constraints in the current management structure, which prioritizes the expansion of useful space over the conservation ...
ABSTRACT The focus of this paper is the state of conservation of the Afro-Brazilian mosques in Yo... more ABSTRACT The focus of this paper is the state of conservation of the Afro-Brazilian mosques in Yorubaland in Nigeria. These mosques signify a symbolic moment in West Africa’s architectural history as a cross-fertilization of Luso-Brazilian architectural elements with West African Islamic architectural traditions. Their architectural characteristics have been described based on extensive fieldwork in Yorubaland, during which they have been identified, located and documented. By utilizing physical observations, anecdotal evidence, and secondary literature, the paper categorizes the Afro-Brazilian mosques according to their typological and morphologic characteristics and identifies their heritage values. Their significance is highlighted as the evidence of cross-fertilization of imported and local architectural ideas as well as the negotiation of the indigenes with this imported architecture and its implications for urban memory. After addressing the conservation problems concerning the legacy of Afro-Brazilian mosques, the paper finally recommends a way forward for mobilizing action in response to their deterioration and loss.
The analysis of Anglican religious spaces created in British West Africa has been neglected in ar... more The analysis of Anglican religious spaces created in British West Africa has been neglected in architectural historiography. This article advances knowledge by investigating ecclesiastical architecture in British colonial Yorubaland (South-West Nigeria). A case study method, combining physical documentation of the existing church sites and a review of church compendiums and other documentation, has been employed to explore and explain in detail the history and formation of Anglican religious spaces. Our research produced new knowledge about the genesis and evolution of the typology, morphology, and visual representations of Anglican religious buildings, as well as the motivations and ideals of the people who commissioned, designed, and constructed them. This architectural journey approximately begins in the 1840s with the arrival of missionaries who initiated the construction of churches using the region’s traditional ephemeral mud-and-thatch structures. However, the British clergy on the ground assumed the role of ‘civilising’ the African communities, using the architecture of ecclesiastical space to shape the communal perceptions of architectural propriety. By the 1880s, they introduced brick-walled and iron-roofed hall-type churches. By the first half of the twentieth century, Anglican ecclesiastical architecture in Yorubaland was dominated by the Gothic Revival style in basilica typology, inspired mainly by Early English Gothic architecture. The article reveals how the architectural and technological transfers from the West continued synchronously with evangelism to create the prescribed image of the Anglican church in Yorubaland. This played a significant role in consolidating British imperial power, as happened elsewhere in the British Empire.
Energy Sources, Part A: Recovery, Utilization, and Environmental Effects, 2019
ABSTRACT The main aim of this study is to review researches that have been carried out on solar a... more ABSTRACT The main aim of this study is to review researches that have been carried out on solar assisted HVAC systems. The objective is to design a basic solar assisted air conditioning system that uses CO2 as a refrigerant. The performance analysis of the system is done with EES and Copeland Scroll software. Research about the solar-assisted HVAC system has advanced as some studies reveal solar-assisted system that can operate for 24 h. In this kind of system, the storage is important and takes a sizeable amount of space and cost in the design. Also, LiBr is one of the most commonly used efficient absorber in absorption refrigeration for HVAC. The details of all the findings and the performance of the system designed is given in the paper.
PurposeThe purpose of this paper is to examine the current conservation state of colonial-era ecc... more PurposeThe purpose of this paper is to examine the current conservation state of colonial-era ecclesiastical buildings in Yorubaland (South-Western Nigeria) and the mechanics of their upkeep. The article also discusses the parameters of formulating a balanced protection-use model for the management of these buildings.Design/methodology/approachThis study adopts a mixed-methods approach, combining participatory observations and documentation, semi-structured interviews and the review of church compendiums. Forty-four church buildings were identified and surveyed, and sixty-one semi-structured interviews were conducted.FindingsA gradual change in how communities value colonial-era churches in contrast to other structures with ecclesiastical legacies has been identified. The challenges and threats to their protection are investigated, revealing a variety of contextual constraints in the current management structure, which prioritizes the expansion of useful space over the conservation ...
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