Abstract Two surveys designed to appraise fecundity and mortality were carried out In Morocco in ... more Abstract Two surveys designed to appraise fecundity and mortality were carried out In Morocco in 1983 and 1984, on samples of 3,000 and 5,000 women, respectively, In the city and in the province of Marrakech. Infant mortality was studied using the biometric method ...
SummaryThe determinants of modern contraceptive use in traditional populations are analysed in ma... more SummaryThe determinants of modern contraceptive use in traditional populations are analysed in married women aged 30–44 living in the province of Marrakech (Morocco). Women who have never used contraception have smaller family sizes than those who do: the number of live children (or live births) is the variable with maximum predictive power on contraceptive use, while child mortality is the main inhibiting factor. The probability of contraceptive use increases with female age at marriage and decreases with the woman's age, indicating a generational change in reproductive behaviour. The socioeconomic variables education, employment and residence, have no significant independent predictive character on contraceptive use, although the interaction between education and residence does. The paper evaluates the hypothesis that traditional populations in the initial phase of their demographic transition resort to modern…
Bulletins et mémoires de la Société d'anthropologie de Paris, 2012
ABSTRACT Une enquête a été réalisée dans la ville de Marrakech, en 2008, auprès d’un échantillon ... more ABSTRACT Une enquête a été réalisée dans la ville de Marrakech, en 2008, auprès d’un échantillon de 1 202 femmes ayant accouché durant les cinq dernières années dans le but de mettre en évidence l’effet de l’exode rural sur l’accès aux soins de santé maternelle et la réduction de la morbidité maternelle des femmes. Les résultats mettent en évidence des différences significatives entre les femmes nées en milieu urbain et celles nées en milieu rural aussi bien pour les taux de consultations et d’accouchements en milieu surveillé que pour les taux de morbidités maternelles sévères (MMS): les recours aux soins sont moins fréquents et la morbidité maternelle plus répandue chez les femmes issues de l’exode rural et plus particulièrement chez celles arrivées à la suite ou après leur mariage. Le faible recours aux soins de santé maternelle et à l’accouchement surveillé des femmes migrantes s’explique en partie par des situations socioéconomique et culturelle défavorables. Il faut cependant signaler que, malgré ce constat, les femmes migrantes ont une situation nettement meilleure que celle des femmes restées en milieu rural. Par ailleurs, pour ces femmes migrantes, aucune corrélation entre la MMS et les facteurs socioéconomiques n’a été relevée. Par contre, une relation positive forte avec des facteurs de risque biodémographiques (petite taille de la femme, poids élevé de la femme et présence de mort-nés) a été enregistrée.
ABSTRACT This paper analyses the relationship between polygyny and female fertility in the provin... more ABSTRACT This paper analyses the relationship between polygyny and female fertility in the province of Marrakech (Morocco) taking into account the effect of the previous marital instability (number of marriages) and the possible association between female sterility and type of marriage. In the analysed population, polygyny increases in the small towns. Polygynously married women have a higher level of education and show a higher percentage of use of contraceptive methods than the monogamously married ones. Although polygynously married women initially show lower fertility, multivariate analysis carried out on the group of women between 35 and 49 years old show that there are no significant differences in fertility between monogamously and polygynously married women when the effect of the previous marital instability is considerer. Female sterility does not determine marital instability, although it does determine a significant increase in polygynous marriages among the women without children.
The determinants of modern contraceptive use in traditional populations are analysed in married w... more The determinants of modern contraceptive use in traditional populations are analysed in married women aged 30-44 living in the province of Marrakech (Morocco). Women who have never used contraception have smaller family sizes than those who do: the number of live children (or live births) is the variable with maximum predictive power on contraceptive use, while child mortality is the main inhibiting factor. The probability of contraceptive use increases with female age at marriage and decreases with the woman's age, indicating a generational change in reproductive behaviour. The socioeconomic variables education, employment and residence, have no significant independent predictive character on contraceptive use, although the interaction between education and residence does. The paper evaluates the hypothesis that traditional populations in the initial phase of their demographic transition resort to modern contraception in order to stop childbearing, when they have reached a desired number of children, rather than to space births or reduce their fertility.
Ce chapitre examine tout d'abord les niveaux actuels de la mortalité des enfants dans le mon... more Ce chapitre examine tout d'abord les niveaux actuels de la mortalité des enfants dans le monde et leur évolution durant la seconde moitié du XXe siècle, en mettant en évidence l'écart croissant entre les grandes régions de la planète au détriment de l'Afrique ...
Auclair, L., P. Baudot, D. Genin, B. Romagny, and R. Simenel. 2011. Patrimony for resilience: evidence from the forest Agdal in the Moroccan High Atlas Mountains. Ecology and Society 16(4): 24."
Patrimony and resilience appear today as key concepts for understanding the dynamics of systems c... more Patrimony and resilience appear today as key concepts for understanding the dynamics of systems confronted with natural hazards. Nevertheless, the theoretical comparison between these concepts drawn from different epistemic approaches is lacking. Our aim is to interrelate resilience and patrimony concepts on the basis of a real example: the Agdal, a traditional forest management system in the Moroccan High Atlas. The role played by the Agdal in safeguarding the patterns of forest resource use by village communities from both external and internal conflicts, from natural hazards, and by securing a long-term supply of resource diversity is highlighted. This role shows the patrimonial character of the forest Agdal for the village communities and suggests an adaptive perspective. The patrimonial construction of the forest gives rise to management systems that allow a major place to experience social and environmental feedback, contributing to strengthened social-ecological system resilience and adaptability in the High Atlas Mountains. The notion of patrimony as a tool of resilience opens up a new interdisciplinary line of research.
Abstract Two surveys designed to appraise fecundity and mortality were carried out In Morocco in ... more Abstract Two surveys designed to appraise fecundity and mortality were carried out In Morocco in 1983 and 1984, on samples of 3,000 and 5,000 women, respectively, In the city and in the province of Marrakech. Infant mortality was studied using the biometric method ...
SummaryThe determinants of modern contraceptive use in traditional populations are analysed in ma... more SummaryThe determinants of modern contraceptive use in traditional populations are analysed in married women aged 30–44 living in the province of Marrakech (Morocco). Women who have never used contraception have smaller family sizes than those who do: the number of live children (or live births) is the variable with maximum predictive power on contraceptive use, while child mortality is the main inhibiting factor. The probability of contraceptive use increases with female age at marriage and decreases with the woman's age, indicating a generational change in reproductive behaviour. The socioeconomic variables education, employment and residence, have no significant independent predictive character on contraceptive use, although the interaction between education and residence does. The paper evaluates the hypothesis that traditional populations in the initial phase of their demographic transition resort to modern…
Bulletins et mémoires de la Société d'anthropologie de Paris, 2012
ABSTRACT Une enquête a été réalisée dans la ville de Marrakech, en 2008, auprès d’un échantillon ... more ABSTRACT Une enquête a été réalisée dans la ville de Marrakech, en 2008, auprès d’un échantillon de 1 202 femmes ayant accouché durant les cinq dernières années dans le but de mettre en évidence l’effet de l’exode rural sur l’accès aux soins de santé maternelle et la réduction de la morbidité maternelle des femmes. Les résultats mettent en évidence des différences significatives entre les femmes nées en milieu urbain et celles nées en milieu rural aussi bien pour les taux de consultations et d’accouchements en milieu surveillé que pour les taux de morbidités maternelles sévères (MMS): les recours aux soins sont moins fréquents et la morbidité maternelle plus répandue chez les femmes issues de l’exode rural et plus particulièrement chez celles arrivées à la suite ou après leur mariage. Le faible recours aux soins de santé maternelle et à l’accouchement surveillé des femmes migrantes s’explique en partie par des situations socioéconomique et culturelle défavorables. Il faut cependant signaler que, malgré ce constat, les femmes migrantes ont une situation nettement meilleure que celle des femmes restées en milieu rural. Par ailleurs, pour ces femmes migrantes, aucune corrélation entre la MMS et les facteurs socioéconomiques n’a été relevée. Par contre, une relation positive forte avec des facteurs de risque biodémographiques (petite taille de la femme, poids élevé de la femme et présence de mort-nés) a été enregistrée.
ABSTRACT This paper analyses the relationship between polygyny and female fertility in the provin... more ABSTRACT This paper analyses the relationship between polygyny and female fertility in the province of Marrakech (Morocco) taking into account the effect of the previous marital instability (number of marriages) and the possible association between female sterility and type of marriage. In the analysed population, polygyny increases in the small towns. Polygynously married women have a higher level of education and show a higher percentage of use of contraceptive methods than the monogamously married ones. Although polygynously married women initially show lower fertility, multivariate analysis carried out on the group of women between 35 and 49 years old show that there are no significant differences in fertility between monogamously and polygynously married women when the effect of the previous marital instability is considerer. Female sterility does not determine marital instability, although it does determine a significant increase in polygynous marriages among the women without children.
The determinants of modern contraceptive use in traditional populations are analysed in married w... more The determinants of modern contraceptive use in traditional populations are analysed in married women aged 30-44 living in the province of Marrakech (Morocco). Women who have never used contraception have smaller family sizes than those who do: the number of live children (or live births) is the variable with maximum predictive power on contraceptive use, while child mortality is the main inhibiting factor. The probability of contraceptive use increases with female age at marriage and decreases with the woman's age, indicating a generational change in reproductive behaviour. The socioeconomic variables education, employment and residence, have no significant independent predictive character on contraceptive use, although the interaction between education and residence does. The paper evaluates the hypothesis that traditional populations in the initial phase of their demographic transition resort to modern contraception in order to stop childbearing, when they have reached a desired number of children, rather than to space births or reduce their fertility.
Ce chapitre examine tout d'abord les niveaux actuels de la mortalité des enfants dans le mon... more Ce chapitre examine tout d'abord les niveaux actuels de la mortalité des enfants dans le monde et leur évolution durant la seconde moitié du XXe siècle, en mettant en évidence l'écart croissant entre les grandes régions de la planète au détriment de l'Afrique ...
Auclair, L., P. Baudot, D. Genin, B. Romagny, and R. Simenel. 2011. Patrimony for resilience: evidence from the forest Agdal in the Moroccan High Atlas Mountains. Ecology and Society 16(4): 24."
Patrimony and resilience appear today as key concepts for understanding the dynamics of systems c... more Patrimony and resilience appear today as key concepts for understanding the dynamics of systems confronted with natural hazards. Nevertheless, the theoretical comparison between these concepts drawn from different epistemic approaches is lacking. Our aim is to interrelate resilience and patrimony concepts on the basis of a real example: the Agdal, a traditional forest management system in the Moroccan High Atlas. The role played by the Agdal in safeguarding the patterns of forest resource use by village communities from both external and internal conflicts, from natural hazards, and by securing a long-term supply of resource diversity is highlighted. This role shows the patrimonial character of the forest Agdal for the village communities and suggests an adaptive perspective. The patrimonial construction of the forest gives rise to management systems that allow a major place to experience social and environmental feedback, contributing to strengthened social-ecological system resilience and adaptability in the High Atlas Mountains. The notion of patrimony as a tool of resilience opens up a new interdisciplinary line of research.
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Papers by P. Baudot