We performed a hospital-acquired methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus molecular study in B... more We performed a hospital-acquired methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus molecular study in Buenos Aires city. Four clones were found harboring the transposable elements Tn4001 and Tn5405 and the erythromycin resistance determinants ermA and mef(E). Of the isolates, 73% belonged to a clone found previously in the city of Córdoba, which showed an epidemic behavior initially attributed to the widely disseminated South American clone.
We performed a hospital - acquired methicillin - resistant Staphylococcus aureus molecular study ... more We performed a hospital - acquired methicillin - resistant Staphylococcus aureus molecular study in Buenos Aires city. Four clones were found harboring the transposable elementsTn4001 and Tn5405 and the erythromycin resistance determinants ermA and mef(E). Of the isolates, 73% belonged to a clone found previously in the city of Córdoba, which showed an epidemic behavior initially attributed to a widely disseminated South American clone.Fil: Jeric, Paola Elba. Universidad de Buenos Aires. Facultad de Medicina; ArgentinaFil: Matteo, Mario José. Universidad de Buenos Aires. Facultad de Medicina; ArgentinaFil: Ramirez, Maria Soledad. Universidad de Buenos Aires. Facultad de Medicina; Argentina. Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas. Oficina de Coordinación Administrativa Houssay; ArgentinaFil: Couto, Elsa. Hospital Francés; ArgentinaFil: Tokumoto, Marta. Fundación Favaloro; ArgentinaFil: Centron, Daniela. Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas. O...
There is little information about invasive infections by group B streptococci (GBS) and their ant... more There is little information about invasive infections by group B streptococci (GBS) and their antimicrobial susceptibilities in Latin America. We performed a prospective multicenter study to determine the serotype distribution and the antimicrobial susceptibility of GBS in Argentina. We identified 58 cases, but only 44 had sufficient data to be evaluated. Eight early-, four late-, and one fatal late, late-onset neonatal infections due to GBS were found. A total of 31 patients were adults with bacteremia, skin and soft tissue infections, osteomyelitis, arthritis, meningitis, abdominal infections, and renal abscess. Serotype III was prevalent in late-onset neonatal disease, and several serotypes (Ia/c, III, Ia, and II) were involved in early-onset neonatal infections. Serotypes II, Ia/c, III, and IV were commonly found in adults, with serotype II prevalent in younger adults (18 to 69 years old) and serotype Ia/c prevalent in elderly adults (>70 years old). The mortality rate attrib...
Genotypic methods showed Acinetobacter baumannii biotype 9 genotype I to be the epidemic strain o... more Genotypic methods showed Acinetobacter baumannii biotype 9 genotype I to be the epidemic strain on an outbreak in an intensive care unit (ICU) which lasted from January to April of 1996. A cohort was established during March in which hospital personnel were assigned exclusively to A. baumannii infected or colonized patients. New patients were not admitted to the ICU until the last infected patient was discharged. However, strain I was isolated during April and vectors other than human carriage were suspected. The ICU comprised four sections; patients and beds were moved within them according the severity of diseases. Strain I was isolated from a bed rail nine days after the infected patient was discharged. This dry vector may explain the transmission of the epidemic strain between sections. The following July, four new infected patients were identified and three different strains, including the epidemic one, were recovered. The two other strains were also isolated from a bed rail. Although this environmental source does not explain by itself the transmission of an epidemic strain, it illustrates that dry vectors can be secondary reservoirs where A. baumannii can survive.
A prospective multicenter study on invasive infections caused by beta-hemolytic streptococci was ... more A prospective multicenter study on invasive infections caused by beta-hemolytic streptococci was performed over 6 months and involved 42 centers from 16 cities in Argentina. Among 33 isolates recovered, 9 group G Streptococcus isolates (39.1%) and 2 group C Streptococcus isolates (20%) exhibited resistance to tetracycline and harbored the tet(M) gene. Genealogical analysis revealed that tetracycline resistance has a polyclonal origin in Argentina.
International Journal of Antimicrobial Agents, 2011
1. Int J Antimicrob Agents. 2010 Dec 20. [Epub ahead of print] Increasing frequency of class 1 an... more 1. Int J Antimicrob Agents. 2010 Dec 20. [Epub ahead of print] Increasing frequency of class 1 and 2 integrons in multidrug-resistant clones of Acinetobacter baumannii reveals the need for continuous molecular surveillance. ...
Journal of Infection in Developing Countries, Dec 1, 2007
In order to study the resistance mechanisms to aminoglycosides, tetracyclines and erythromycin, w... more In order to study the resistance mechanisms to aminoglycosides, tetracyclines and erythromycin, we investigated the genetic determinants on 85 Streptococcus spp., Staphylococcus spp., and Enterococcus spp. isolates collected from 46 hospitals of Argentina over a two-year period. The MICs to amikacin, gentamicin, kanamycin, and streptomycin, tetracycline and erythromycin were determined by the standard broth dilution method according to CLSI recommendations. Detection of resistance genes to the antibiotic tested was assessed by the PCR standard technique whereas the clonal relationships of each species was performed by PFGE. Major heterogeneity was detected in aminoglycoside and erythromycin resistances. Indeed, 37.6% of the isolates harbored the aac(6')-aph(2'') genes; 27% harbored the aph(3')-IIIa and ant(6)-Ia genes along with the aac(6')-aph(2'') gene; 7% carried the ant(4')-Ia gene; and 71% harbored one or more of the erm(A), erm(B), erm(TR), mef(...
We performed a hospital-acquired methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus molecular study in B... more We performed a hospital-acquired methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus molecular study in Buenos Aires city. Four clones were found harboring the transposable elements Tn4001 and Tn5405 and the erythromycin resistance determinants ermA and mef(E). Of the isolates, 73% belonged to a clone found previously in the city of Córdoba, which showed an epidemic behavior initially attributed to the widely disseminated South American
Staphylococcus aureus is an important cause of bovine mastitis worldwide, and effective preventiv... more Staphylococcus aureus is an important cause of bovine mastitis worldwide, and effective preventive or therapeutic modalities are lacking. Although most human S. aureus isolates produce capsular polysaccharides (CPs), few reports have described the prevalence of capsules on bovine isolates. This information is important for the rational design of a vaccine for the prevention of staphylococcal mastitis. We serotyped 195 S. aureus strains isolated between 1989 and 1997 from the milk of mastitic cows in Argentina. Only 14 (7.1%) of the strains were serotype 5, and all were recovered between 1989 and 1992. Thirteen serotype 8 strains were identified, and 12 of these were isolated between 1991 and 1994. The remaining 168 isolates were nonreactive (NR) with CP serotype 5 (CP5)- or CP8-specific antibodies. Hybridization studies performed with genomic DNA from eight NR strains revealed that only three of them carried the capsule genes. Pulsed-field gel electrophoresis (PFGE) performed with 1...
To investigate phenotypically and genotypically the presence of MDR efflux pumps in 21 clinical i... more To investigate phenotypically and genotypically the presence of MDR efflux pumps in 21 clinical isolates of Staphylococcus haemolyticus collected over a period of 10 years. MICs of different antibiotics and biocides were determined by the broth dilution method in the presence/absence of carbonyl cyanide-m-chlorophenylhydrazone (CCCP), an efflux pump inhibitor. PCR followed by sequencing was performed to detect the qac genes that encode for antiseptic resistance. Clonal relationships were determined by PFGE SmaI patterns using a standard protocol. All the isolates were resistant to gentamicin, 15 to erythromycin, 18 to ciprofloxacin, 7 to chloramphenicol and 1 to tetracycline. They showed higher susceptibility to antibiotics when they were exposed to CCCP. The MICs of ethidium bromide, SDS and benzalkonium chloride were also decreased, whereas the MIC of triclosan was decreased in only four isolates in the presence CCCP. Of the 21 isolates, qacA/B was detected in 5 isolates, smr in a...
We performed a hospital-acquired methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus molecular study in B... more We performed a hospital-acquired methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus molecular study in Buenos Aires city. Four clones were found harboring the transposable elements Tn4001 and Tn5405 and the erythromycin resistance determinants ermA and mef(E). Of the isolates, 73% belonged to a clone found previously in the city of Córdoba, which showed an epidemic behavior initially attributed to the widely disseminated South American clone.
We performed a hospital - acquired methicillin - resistant Staphylococcus aureus molecular study ... more We performed a hospital - acquired methicillin - resistant Staphylococcus aureus molecular study in Buenos Aires city. Four clones were found harboring the transposable elementsTn4001 and Tn5405 and the erythromycin resistance determinants ermA and mef(E). Of the isolates, 73% belonged to a clone found previously in the city of Córdoba, which showed an epidemic behavior initially attributed to a widely disseminated South American clone.Fil: Jeric, Paola Elba. Universidad de Buenos Aires. Facultad de Medicina; ArgentinaFil: Matteo, Mario José. Universidad de Buenos Aires. Facultad de Medicina; ArgentinaFil: Ramirez, Maria Soledad. Universidad de Buenos Aires. Facultad de Medicina; Argentina. Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas. Oficina de Coordinación Administrativa Houssay; ArgentinaFil: Couto, Elsa. Hospital Francés; ArgentinaFil: Tokumoto, Marta. Fundación Favaloro; ArgentinaFil: Centron, Daniela. Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas. O...
There is little information about invasive infections by group B streptococci (GBS) and their ant... more There is little information about invasive infections by group B streptococci (GBS) and their antimicrobial susceptibilities in Latin America. We performed a prospective multicenter study to determine the serotype distribution and the antimicrobial susceptibility of GBS in Argentina. We identified 58 cases, but only 44 had sufficient data to be evaluated. Eight early-, four late-, and one fatal late, late-onset neonatal infections due to GBS were found. A total of 31 patients were adults with bacteremia, skin and soft tissue infections, osteomyelitis, arthritis, meningitis, abdominal infections, and renal abscess. Serotype III was prevalent in late-onset neonatal disease, and several serotypes (Ia/c, III, Ia, and II) were involved in early-onset neonatal infections. Serotypes II, Ia/c, III, and IV were commonly found in adults, with serotype II prevalent in younger adults (18 to 69 years old) and serotype Ia/c prevalent in elderly adults (>70 years old). The mortality rate attrib...
Genotypic methods showed Acinetobacter baumannii biotype 9 genotype I to be the epidemic strain o... more Genotypic methods showed Acinetobacter baumannii biotype 9 genotype I to be the epidemic strain on an outbreak in an intensive care unit (ICU) which lasted from January to April of 1996. A cohort was established during March in which hospital personnel were assigned exclusively to A. baumannii infected or colonized patients. New patients were not admitted to the ICU until the last infected patient was discharged. However, strain I was isolated during April and vectors other than human carriage were suspected. The ICU comprised four sections; patients and beds were moved within them according the severity of diseases. Strain I was isolated from a bed rail nine days after the infected patient was discharged. This dry vector may explain the transmission of the epidemic strain between sections. The following July, four new infected patients were identified and three different strains, including the epidemic one, were recovered. The two other strains were also isolated from a bed rail. Although this environmental source does not explain by itself the transmission of an epidemic strain, it illustrates that dry vectors can be secondary reservoirs where A. baumannii can survive.
A prospective multicenter study on invasive infections caused by beta-hemolytic streptococci was ... more A prospective multicenter study on invasive infections caused by beta-hemolytic streptococci was performed over 6 months and involved 42 centers from 16 cities in Argentina. Among 33 isolates recovered, 9 group G Streptococcus isolates (39.1%) and 2 group C Streptococcus isolates (20%) exhibited resistance to tetracycline and harbored the tet(M) gene. Genealogical analysis revealed that tetracycline resistance has a polyclonal origin in Argentina.
International Journal of Antimicrobial Agents, 2011
1. Int J Antimicrob Agents. 2010 Dec 20. [Epub ahead of print] Increasing frequency of class 1 an... more 1. Int J Antimicrob Agents. 2010 Dec 20. [Epub ahead of print] Increasing frequency of class 1 and 2 integrons in multidrug-resistant clones of Acinetobacter baumannii reveals the need for continuous molecular surveillance. ...
Journal of Infection in Developing Countries, Dec 1, 2007
In order to study the resistance mechanisms to aminoglycosides, tetracyclines and erythromycin, w... more In order to study the resistance mechanisms to aminoglycosides, tetracyclines and erythromycin, we investigated the genetic determinants on 85 Streptococcus spp., Staphylococcus spp., and Enterococcus spp. isolates collected from 46 hospitals of Argentina over a two-year period. The MICs to amikacin, gentamicin, kanamycin, and streptomycin, tetracycline and erythromycin were determined by the standard broth dilution method according to CLSI recommendations. Detection of resistance genes to the antibiotic tested was assessed by the PCR standard technique whereas the clonal relationships of each species was performed by PFGE. Major heterogeneity was detected in aminoglycoside and erythromycin resistances. Indeed, 37.6% of the isolates harbored the aac(6')-aph(2'') genes; 27% harbored the aph(3')-IIIa and ant(6)-Ia genes along with the aac(6')-aph(2'') gene; 7% carried the ant(4')-Ia gene; and 71% harbored one or more of the erm(A), erm(B), erm(TR), mef(...
We performed a hospital-acquired methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus molecular study in B... more We performed a hospital-acquired methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus molecular study in Buenos Aires city. Four clones were found harboring the transposable elements Tn4001 and Tn5405 and the erythromycin resistance determinants ermA and mef(E). Of the isolates, 73% belonged to a clone found previously in the city of Córdoba, which showed an epidemic behavior initially attributed to the widely disseminated South American
Staphylococcus aureus is an important cause of bovine mastitis worldwide, and effective preventiv... more Staphylococcus aureus is an important cause of bovine mastitis worldwide, and effective preventive or therapeutic modalities are lacking. Although most human S. aureus isolates produce capsular polysaccharides (CPs), few reports have described the prevalence of capsules on bovine isolates. This information is important for the rational design of a vaccine for the prevention of staphylococcal mastitis. We serotyped 195 S. aureus strains isolated between 1989 and 1997 from the milk of mastitic cows in Argentina. Only 14 (7.1%) of the strains were serotype 5, and all were recovered between 1989 and 1992. Thirteen serotype 8 strains were identified, and 12 of these were isolated between 1991 and 1994. The remaining 168 isolates were nonreactive (NR) with CP serotype 5 (CP5)- or CP8-specific antibodies. Hybridization studies performed with genomic DNA from eight NR strains revealed that only three of them carried the capsule genes. Pulsed-field gel electrophoresis (PFGE) performed with 1...
To investigate phenotypically and genotypically the presence of MDR efflux pumps in 21 clinical i... more To investigate phenotypically and genotypically the presence of MDR efflux pumps in 21 clinical isolates of Staphylococcus haemolyticus collected over a period of 10 years. MICs of different antibiotics and biocides were determined by the broth dilution method in the presence/absence of carbonyl cyanide-m-chlorophenylhydrazone (CCCP), an efflux pump inhibitor. PCR followed by sequencing was performed to detect the qac genes that encode for antiseptic resistance. Clonal relationships were determined by PFGE SmaI patterns using a standard protocol. All the isolates were resistant to gentamicin, 15 to erythromycin, 18 to ciprofloxacin, 7 to chloramphenicol and 1 to tetracycline. They showed higher susceptibility to antibiotics when they were exposed to CCCP. The MICs of ethidium bromide, SDS and benzalkonium chloride were also decreased, whereas the MIC of triclosan was decreased in only four isolates in the presence CCCP. Of the 21 isolates, qacA/B was detected in 5 isolates, smr in a...
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