This part 2 of the white paper explores the innovative and versatile methodology in manufacturing... more This part 2 of the white paper explores the innovative and versatile methodology in manufacturing and marketing VCI corrosion paper and carton boxes of various sizes, colour, and grammages. Unlike conventional methods where distributors need to maintain a large inventory to meet market demands, these advanced techniques allow for greater flexibility and responsiveness. By focusing on the building blocks technology for VCI paper and carton boxes, we can produce tailored solutions that A Blue Ocea Strategy: The Innovative Building Blocks Technology (BBT) in Manufacturing VCI Papers and Carton Boxes. 2 adapt to specific market needs. This approach not only enhances the efficiency of production but also ensures the delivery of environmentally friendly, highperformance VCI products.
This part 1 section of the white paper will provide a foundational overview of blue ocean strateg... more This part 1 section of the white paper will provide a foundational overview of blue ocean strategy and the adoption of BBT, emphasizing the crucial role of building blocks in modern VCI applications and exploring their potential to transform the industry.
This white paper aims to provide a comprehensive analysis of the carbon emissions stemming from l... more This white paper aims to provide a comprehensive analysis of the carbon emissions stemming from low octane petrol. It explores the various types of pollutants emitted, their adverse health effects, and the significant contribution of these emissions to global warming. By shedding light on these critical aspects, we can gain a deeper understanding of the environmental challenges associated with low octane petrol and identify potential solutions to mitigate its impact.
Pre-ignition occurs when the air-fuel mixture in an internal combustion engine ignites before the... more Pre-ignition occurs when the air-fuel mixture in an internal combustion engine ignites before the spark plug fires. It leads to knocking or pinging sounds, reduced engine performance, and potentially severe damage to the engine. While various factors can contribute to pre-ignition, one major cause is the usage of low octane petrol. In this part 2 series of the white paper, we will explore in detail why low octane petrol causes pre-ignition, diving into its mechanisms involved, its free radicals, chemical properties, engine dynamics, and the impact on overall engine performance.
This white paper explores the advantages of higher Research Octane Number (RON) gasoline in enhan... more This white paper explores the advantages of higher Research Octane Number (RON) gasoline in enhancing engine efficiency and performance while reducing fuel consumption and carbon emissions. By preventing knocking and pinging, higher RON gasoline enables engines to operate at higher compression ratios, leading to more efficient fuel combustion. This paper provides an in-depth analysis supported by cited examples and relevant research to demonstrate the positive impact of higher RON gasoline on engine efficiency. Understanding these benefits can inform policymakers, national oil companies (NOCs), and automotive engineers, in their efforts to promote sustainable transportation and cleaner energy sources.
This third part in the white paper series delves into the critical role played by National Oil Co... more This third part in the white paper series delves into the critical role played by National Oil Companies (NOCs) in addressing environmental concerns through the formulation of higher Octane (RON) petrol. The document emphasizes the pivotal importance of elevating Octane levels in gasoline to combat pollution effectively. It presents an overview analysis of the technical aspects surrounding the utilization of higher-Octane fuels, highlighting their potential impact on reducing emissions and enhancing overall air quality. The paper aims to provide a thorough understanding of the intricate relationship between NOCs, Octane levels, and pollution mitigation, offering valuable insights for industry stakeholders, policymakers, and environmental advocates alike.
The environment and human health are at risk from oil spills, which require rapid, effective resp... more The environment and human health are at risk from oil spills, which require rapid, effective response measures. Using oil dispersants facilitates dispersion of the oil and enhances natural degradation, which mitigates spill impacts. Dispersants must, however, be carefully evaluated for their advantages and disadvantages. The purpose of this article is to compare Magna 1101, a potential alternative, with harmful solvent-based conventional oil spill dispersants. Magna 1101 is assessed for its effectiveness, environmental compatibility, safety, regulatory compliance, and overall impact on oil spill response. In this article, various aspects of Magna 1101 are analysed to provide valuable insight into its potential as an environmentally friendly and effective oil spill control method. Oil spill response strategies can be informed by the findings, while the importance of comprehensive evaluations is underscored when considering dispersants.
Vappro VBCI-The Solution for Corrosion Control, 2021
Vappro VBCI Anti-Corrosion Management Program for Above Storage Tank (ASTs) and Underside of Bott... more Vappro VBCI Anti-Corrosion Management Program for Above Storage Tank (ASTs) and Underside of Bottom Plate in the Absence or Deficiency of CP System.
In the experiment, quaternary ammonium compound, chlorhexidine gluconate, and colloidal silver na... more In the experiment, quaternary ammonium compound, chlorhexidine gluconate, and colloidal silver nanoparticles are used as a synergistic solution or coating to gauge the residual effects of the formulation [1] in a silicone emulsion fluid coated on air conditioner filters over a period of 64 days using an ATP meter [2]. Reactive oxygen species (ROS) and denaturation are used to disinfect surfaces. After a long period of operation of air functions of the chemicals used in the coating. The weekly monitoring process lasted 64 days. Among these ingredients are quaternary ammonium compounds, colloidal silver, copper nanoparticles, and others. Below are the mechanisms which leverage both denaturation and reactive oxygen species to inactivate viruses.
Article Info Abstract Article History Date of Publication: 13 November 2017 Available online: 8 J... more Article Info Abstract Article History Date of Publication: 13 November 2017 Available online: 8 January 2018 Sacrificial Anodes were used commercially to protect caisson legs against corrosion in seawater. However, there was a paradigm shift in 2000 after an explosion occurred in a caisson leg, which prompted an investigation to ascertain the cause. Subsequently, NACE published a Technical Paper No.4200 under “Protection of Offshore Platform Caisson Legs with a Vapor Corrosion InhibitorA Case Study” in 2014. The abstract of the paper states “In November 2000, gas build-up inside the confined compartment around an offshore platform caisson leg led to an explosion. The gas was found to be hydrogen generated by the depleted anodes inside the Caisson Leg. An investigation of the fatal explosion made several recommendations, including removal of the anodes, biocidetreated water and blasting grit that had accumulated inside the caisson legs over two decades.” Based on the above Technical ...
Chemical composition of a hospital-grade disinfectant with 100% disinfecting efficacy against avi... more Chemical composition of a hospital-grade disinfectant with 100% disinfecting efficacy against avian influenza H5N1 Virus, comprising of Alcohol, Quaternary Ammonium Compound, Essential Oil, Non-Ionic Surfactant, and solvent. The authors have discovered the chemical composition of a high efficacy disinfectant against H5N1 Virus by synergistically blending a major portion of alcohol and a minor portion of twin-chain quaternary ammonium compound. Spearmint essential oil, Peppermint essential oil and alcohol ethoxylate surfactant with water. Using Isolated AI H5N1 virus from Tasikmalaya 2005, collected from Microbiology Department of Faculty of Veterinary, Bogor Institute of Agriculture (IPB). The test was done in the unit of the Integrated Services of Medicine of Microbiology, Faculty of Veterinary IPB. Five live egg embryos Specific Pathogen Free (SPF) were used as medium for the test. The haemagglutination-inhibition (HAI) assay is a traditional method for assessing immune responses ...
Volatile corrosion inhibitor (VCI) provides protection for metal surfaces. VCI coating and molecu... more Volatile corrosion inhibitor (VCI) provides protection for metal surfaces. VCI coating and molecules attach themselves to metal surfaces to form both a physical film when contacted and an invisible thin film for indirect contact through Vapour (only a few molecules thick), thus inhibiting metals atmospheric corrosion. Optimization and characterisation of commercial water-based volatile corrosion inhibitor VCI (Vapour-Phase-Protection, VAPPRO 837C diluted commercial solution from CORPPRO) was prepared to determine their characteristics and effectiveness against corrosion of carbon steel. The main scope of this work is to characterise the rheological and corrosion inhibition properties of the VAPPRO 837C with varying formulations and processing parameters (coating and drying times). Different tests were performed to determine the corrosion behavior of inhibitor. The application of VCI on the metal surface was done by dip-coating process. An Electrochemical Workstation from HCH Instrum...
The Coronavirus is primarily a respiratory illness, and it typically spreads via airborne droplet... more The Coronavirus is primarily a respiratory illness, and it typically spreads via airborne droplets from an infected person's coughs or sneezes [1][2][3][4][5][6][7]. Viral particles can survive for a time on surfaces, but the coronavirus life span on surfaces depends on variables like temperature and humidity [8][9][10][11]. Early research has demonstrated that the virus's survival depends on the type of surface it lands on. The Coronavirus virus can survive anywhere between three hours and seven days, depending on the material [12][13][14][15][16][17]. A healthy person can then unknowingly touch those inanimate surfaces, people's hands can transport the viral particles to different surfaces, even the face, where it can enter your body through your eyes, mouth or nose [18
The process of making industrial greases, food grade greases, anti-seize compounds, wire rope gre... more The process of making industrial greases, food grade greases, anti-seize compounds, wire rope greases, VCI greases, and aerosol greases is a tedious and complex procedures that involves the use of several raw materials including the thickener, antioxidant, water-repellent, anti-corrosion inhibitors etc. It requires the need to keep a wide inventory of raw materials and increases the cost of production. To reduce the manufacturing costs of said products, there is a need to reduce the cost of inventory, and the production methodology without the use of heat. The main challenges in producing said products are the use grease thickener, anti-water-repellent additives, antioxidant additives and other grease additive package. One of the main purposes of this article is to feature the use of Corpro GAP-OP1 to make said products. Depending on the dosage of Corpro GAP-OP1, the prepared said greases achieved grease consistency of NGLI Grade 0 to Grade 4.
Vappro Biobased Corrosion Inhibitors (VBCIs) and conventional gun lubricants are the two technolo... more Vappro Biobased Corrosion Inhibitors (VBCIs) and conventional gun lubricants are the two technologies that are used in the study. The parameters of the experimental study include no reoiling for twelve months, quick activation, and then hermitically stored up for twelve months. After the trial period there must not be any sign of corrosion on the bolt carrier, barrel, trigger mechanism, dust cover and the exterior part of the M-16 rifle and free to fire immediately from the preserved riffles.
Revolutionary Cleaning Method and Apparatus for Removing Oil, Grease, Carbon, Rust and Combustion... more Revolutionary Cleaning Method and Apparatus for Removing Oil, Grease, Carbon, Rust and Combustion Ammunition Residue from Barrels of Artillery Gun and Battle Tank with and without muzzle brakes, whereby cleaning fluid, bore brush and a winch are used to remove carbon, grease, oil, rust, and combustion ammunition residue from the barrel.
An Internal bore-surface scanner for inspecting the barrel surface condition of the Howitzer, Mai... more An Internal bore-surface scanner for inspecting the barrel surface condition of the Howitzer, Main Battle Tank, and Gun Barrel, using a wireless web camera, or a Internet Protocol camera or miniature camera mounted on the inspection pole, a portable computer or a mobile phone with a operating system software to record and store the information of the condition of the bore. It is inexpensive, portable, lightweight, compact, and capable of being put into use at any storage site even without the presence of alternating current supply.
The Coronavirus is primarily a respiratory illness, and it typically spreads via airborne droplet... more The Coronavirus is primarily a respiratory illness, and it typically spreads via airborne droplets from an infected person's coughs or sneezes [1,2,3,4,5,6,7]. Viral particles can survive for a time on surfaces, but the coronavirus life span on surfaces depends on variables like temperature and humidity [8,9,10,11]. Early research has demonstrated that the virus's survival depends on the type of surface it lands on. The Coronavirus virus can survive anywhere between three hours and seven days, depending on the material [12,13,14,15,16,17]. A healthy person can then unknowingly touch those inanimate surfaces, people's hands can transport the viral particles to different surfaces, even the face, where it can enter your body through your eyes, mouth or nose [18,19,20,]. In view of the above, Magna and its Think Tank Group felt that it was essential not only to disinfect all inanimate public surfaces but also to provide all inanimate surfaces with a coating shield against any viruses or bacteria that landed on it. This article covers the residual inactivation efficacy of Legionella-X Viral Shield and its 60 days anti-bactericidal residual inactivation efficacy using JIS Z 2801:2010/A1:2012 Test Method [21,22,23].
Visual inspection, the most common, if not only an evaluation used onboard mass rapid transport, ... more Visual inspection, the most common, if not only an evaluation used onboard mass rapid transport, buses, taxis, schools, restaurants, etc. before Covid-19 Pandemic was found to be wholly unreliable in the measure of surface contamination. Adenosine Triphosphate Tests (ATP) is recommended as an effective measure with benchmark of <100 RLU for inanimate surfaces coated with Legionella-X Viral Shield. RLU-relative light units are a measurement to indicate how soiled a surface is; the lower count being optimal. Legionella-X Viral Shield, a self-disinfecting coating has passed the JIS Z 2801:2010/A1:2012 Test Method for Antibacterial Activity and Efficacy with 99.9998% inactivation efficacy up to 60 days. However, the laboratory testing may differ greatly from field application, this journal covers the use ATP Luminometer [1,2,3,4,5 ] to ascertain the reapplication of Viral Shield on inanimate surfaces onboard mass rapid transport trains,
This part 2 of the white paper explores the innovative and versatile methodology in manufacturing... more This part 2 of the white paper explores the innovative and versatile methodology in manufacturing and marketing VCI corrosion paper and carton boxes of various sizes, colour, and grammages. Unlike conventional methods where distributors need to maintain a large inventory to meet market demands, these advanced techniques allow for greater flexibility and responsiveness. By focusing on the building blocks technology for VCI paper and carton boxes, we can produce tailored solutions that A Blue Ocea Strategy: The Innovative Building Blocks Technology (BBT) in Manufacturing VCI Papers and Carton Boxes. 2 adapt to specific market needs. This approach not only enhances the efficiency of production but also ensures the delivery of environmentally friendly, highperformance VCI products.
This part 1 section of the white paper will provide a foundational overview of blue ocean strateg... more This part 1 section of the white paper will provide a foundational overview of blue ocean strategy and the adoption of BBT, emphasizing the crucial role of building blocks in modern VCI applications and exploring their potential to transform the industry.
This white paper aims to provide a comprehensive analysis of the carbon emissions stemming from l... more This white paper aims to provide a comprehensive analysis of the carbon emissions stemming from low octane petrol. It explores the various types of pollutants emitted, their adverse health effects, and the significant contribution of these emissions to global warming. By shedding light on these critical aspects, we can gain a deeper understanding of the environmental challenges associated with low octane petrol and identify potential solutions to mitigate its impact.
Pre-ignition occurs when the air-fuel mixture in an internal combustion engine ignites before the... more Pre-ignition occurs when the air-fuel mixture in an internal combustion engine ignites before the spark plug fires. It leads to knocking or pinging sounds, reduced engine performance, and potentially severe damage to the engine. While various factors can contribute to pre-ignition, one major cause is the usage of low octane petrol. In this part 2 series of the white paper, we will explore in detail why low octane petrol causes pre-ignition, diving into its mechanisms involved, its free radicals, chemical properties, engine dynamics, and the impact on overall engine performance.
This white paper explores the advantages of higher Research Octane Number (RON) gasoline in enhan... more This white paper explores the advantages of higher Research Octane Number (RON) gasoline in enhancing engine efficiency and performance while reducing fuel consumption and carbon emissions. By preventing knocking and pinging, higher RON gasoline enables engines to operate at higher compression ratios, leading to more efficient fuel combustion. This paper provides an in-depth analysis supported by cited examples and relevant research to demonstrate the positive impact of higher RON gasoline on engine efficiency. Understanding these benefits can inform policymakers, national oil companies (NOCs), and automotive engineers, in their efforts to promote sustainable transportation and cleaner energy sources.
This third part in the white paper series delves into the critical role played by National Oil Co... more This third part in the white paper series delves into the critical role played by National Oil Companies (NOCs) in addressing environmental concerns through the formulation of higher Octane (RON) petrol. The document emphasizes the pivotal importance of elevating Octane levels in gasoline to combat pollution effectively. It presents an overview analysis of the technical aspects surrounding the utilization of higher-Octane fuels, highlighting their potential impact on reducing emissions and enhancing overall air quality. The paper aims to provide a thorough understanding of the intricate relationship between NOCs, Octane levels, and pollution mitigation, offering valuable insights for industry stakeholders, policymakers, and environmental advocates alike.
The environment and human health are at risk from oil spills, which require rapid, effective resp... more The environment and human health are at risk from oil spills, which require rapid, effective response measures. Using oil dispersants facilitates dispersion of the oil and enhances natural degradation, which mitigates spill impacts. Dispersants must, however, be carefully evaluated for their advantages and disadvantages. The purpose of this article is to compare Magna 1101, a potential alternative, with harmful solvent-based conventional oil spill dispersants. Magna 1101 is assessed for its effectiveness, environmental compatibility, safety, regulatory compliance, and overall impact on oil spill response. In this article, various aspects of Magna 1101 are analysed to provide valuable insight into its potential as an environmentally friendly and effective oil spill control method. Oil spill response strategies can be informed by the findings, while the importance of comprehensive evaluations is underscored when considering dispersants.
Vappro VBCI-The Solution for Corrosion Control, 2021
Vappro VBCI Anti-Corrosion Management Program for Above Storage Tank (ASTs) and Underside of Bott... more Vappro VBCI Anti-Corrosion Management Program for Above Storage Tank (ASTs) and Underside of Bottom Plate in the Absence or Deficiency of CP System.
In the experiment, quaternary ammonium compound, chlorhexidine gluconate, and colloidal silver na... more In the experiment, quaternary ammonium compound, chlorhexidine gluconate, and colloidal silver nanoparticles are used as a synergistic solution or coating to gauge the residual effects of the formulation [1] in a silicone emulsion fluid coated on air conditioner filters over a period of 64 days using an ATP meter [2]. Reactive oxygen species (ROS) and denaturation are used to disinfect surfaces. After a long period of operation of air functions of the chemicals used in the coating. The weekly monitoring process lasted 64 days. Among these ingredients are quaternary ammonium compounds, colloidal silver, copper nanoparticles, and others. Below are the mechanisms which leverage both denaturation and reactive oxygen species to inactivate viruses.
Article Info Abstract Article History Date of Publication: 13 November 2017 Available online: 8 J... more Article Info Abstract Article History Date of Publication: 13 November 2017 Available online: 8 January 2018 Sacrificial Anodes were used commercially to protect caisson legs against corrosion in seawater. However, there was a paradigm shift in 2000 after an explosion occurred in a caisson leg, which prompted an investigation to ascertain the cause. Subsequently, NACE published a Technical Paper No.4200 under “Protection of Offshore Platform Caisson Legs with a Vapor Corrosion InhibitorA Case Study” in 2014. The abstract of the paper states “In November 2000, gas build-up inside the confined compartment around an offshore platform caisson leg led to an explosion. The gas was found to be hydrogen generated by the depleted anodes inside the Caisson Leg. An investigation of the fatal explosion made several recommendations, including removal of the anodes, biocidetreated water and blasting grit that had accumulated inside the caisson legs over two decades.” Based on the above Technical ...
Chemical composition of a hospital-grade disinfectant with 100% disinfecting efficacy against avi... more Chemical composition of a hospital-grade disinfectant with 100% disinfecting efficacy against avian influenza H5N1 Virus, comprising of Alcohol, Quaternary Ammonium Compound, Essential Oil, Non-Ionic Surfactant, and solvent. The authors have discovered the chemical composition of a high efficacy disinfectant against H5N1 Virus by synergistically blending a major portion of alcohol and a minor portion of twin-chain quaternary ammonium compound. Spearmint essential oil, Peppermint essential oil and alcohol ethoxylate surfactant with water. Using Isolated AI H5N1 virus from Tasikmalaya 2005, collected from Microbiology Department of Faculty of Veterinary, Bogor Institute of Agriculture (IPB). The test was done in the unit of the Integrated Services of Medicine of Microbiology, Faculty of Veterinary IPB. Five live egg embryos Specific Pathogen Free (SPF) were used as medium for the test. The haemagglutination-inhibition (HAI) assay is a traditional method for assessing immune responses ...
Volatile corrosion inhibitor (VCI) provides protection for metal surfaces. VCI coating and molecu... more Volatile corrosion inhibitor (VCI) provides protection for metal surfaces. VCI coating and molecules attach themselves to metal surfaces to form both a physical film when contacted and an invisible thin film for indirect contact through Vapour (only a few molecules thick), thus inhibiting metals atmospheric corrosion. Optimization and characterisation of commercial water-based volatile corrosion inhibitor VCI (Vapour-Phase-Protection, VAPPRO 837C diluted commercial solution from CORPPRO) was prepared to determine their characteristics and effectiveness against corrosion of carbon steel. The main scope of this work is to characterise the rheological and corrosion inhibition properties of the VAPPRO 837C with varying formulations and processing parameters (coating and drying times). Different tests were performed to determine the corrosion behavior of inhibitor. The application of VCI on the metal surface was done by dip-coating process. An Electrochemical Workstation from HCH Instrum...
The Coronavirus is primarily a respiratory illness, and it typically spreads via airborne droplet... more The Coronavirus is primarily a respiratory illness, and it typically spreads via airborne droplets from an infected person's coughs or sneezes [1][2][3][4][5][6][7]. Viral particles can survive for a time on surfaces, but the coronavirus life span on surfaces depends on variables like temperature and humidity [8][9][10][11]. Early research has demonstrated that the virus's survival depends on the type of surface it lands on. The Coronavirus virus can survive anywhere between three hours and seven days, depending on the material [12][13][14][15][16][17]. A healthy person can then unknowingly touch those inanimate surfaces, people's hands can transport the viral particles to different surfaces, even the face, where it can enter your body through your eyes, mouth or nose [18
The process of making industrial greases, food grade greases, anti-seize compounds, wire rope gre... more The process of making industrial greases, food grade greases, anti-seize compounds, wire rope greases, VCI greases, and aerosol greases is a tedious and complex procedures that involves the use of several raw materials including the thickener, antioxidant, water-repellent, anti-corrosion inhibitors etc. It requires the need to keep a wide inventory of raw materials and increases the cost of production. To reduce the manufacturing costs of said products, there is a need to reduce the cost of inventory, and the production methodology without the use of heat. The main challenges in producing said products are the use grease thickener, anti-water-repellent additives, antioxidant additives and other grease additive package. One of the main purposes of this article is to feature the use of Corpro GAP-OP1 to make said products. Depending on the dosage of Corpro GAP-OP1, the prepared said greases achieved grease consistency of NGLI Grade 0 to Grade 4.
Vappro Biobased Corrosion Inhibitors (VBCIs) and conventional gun lubricants are the two technolo... more Vappro Biobased Corrosion Inhibitors (VBCIs) and conventional gun lubricants are the two technologies that are used in the study. The parameters of the experimental study include no reoiling for twelve months, quick activation, and then hermitically stored up for twelve months. After the trial period there must not be any sign of corrosion on the bolt carrier, barrel, trigger mechanism, dust cover and the exterior part of the M-16 rifle and free to fire immediately from the preserved riffles.
Revolutionary Cleaning Method and Apparatus for Removing Oil, Grease, Carbon, Rust and Combustion... more Revolutionary Cleaning Method and Apparatus for Removing Oil, Grease, Carbon, Rust and Combustion Ammunition Residue from Barrels of Artillery Gun and Battle Tank with and without muzzle brakes, whereby cleaning fluid, bore brush and a winch are used to remove carbon, grease, oil, rust, and combustion ammunition residue from the barrel.
An Internal bore-surface scanner for inspecting the barrel surface condition of the Howitzer, Mai... more An Internal bore-surface scanner for inspecting the barrel surface condition of the Howitzer, Main Battle Tank, and Gun Barrel, using a wireless web camera, or a Internet Protocol camera or miniature camera mounted on the inspection pole, a portable computer or a mobile phone with a operating system software to record and store the information of the condition of the bore. It is inexpensive, portable, lightweight, compact, and capable of being put into use at any storage site even without the presence of alternating current supply.
The Coronavirus is primarily a respiratory illness, and it typically spreads via airborne droplet... more The Coronavirus is primarily a respiratory illness, and it typically spreads via airborne droplets from an infected person's coughs or sneezes [1,2,3,4,5,6,7]. Viral particles can survive for a time on surfaces, but the coronavirus life span on surfaces depends on variables like temperature and humidity [8,9,10,11]. Early research has demonstrated that the virus's survival depends on the type of surface it lands on. The Coronavirus virus can survive anywhere between three hours and seven days, depending on the material [12,13,14,15,16,17]. A healthy person can then unknowingly touch those inanimate surfaces, people's hands can transport the viral particles to different surfaces, even the face, where it can enter your body through your eyes, mouth or nose [18,19,20,]. In view of the above, Magna and its Think Tank Group felt that it was essential not only to disinfect all inanimate public surfaces but also to provide all inanimate surfaces with a coating shield against any viruses or bacteria that landed on it. This article covers the residual inactivation efficacy of Legionella-X Viral Shield and its 60 days anti-bactericidal residual inactivation efficacy using JIS Z 2801:2010/A1:2012 Test Method [21,22,23].
Visual inspection, the most common, if not only an evaluation used onboard mass rapid transport, ... more Visual inspection, the most common, if not only an evaluation used onboard mass rapid transport, buses, taxis, schools, restaurants, etc. before Covid-19 Pandemic was found to be wholly unreliable in the measure of surface contamination. Adenosine Triphosphate Tests (ATP) is recommended as an effective measure with benchmark of <100 RLU for inanimate surfaces coated with Legionella-X Viral Shield. RLU-relative light units are a measurement to indicate how soiled a surface is; the lower count being optimal. Legionella-X Viral Shield, a self-disinfecting coating has passed the JIS Z 2801:2010/A1:2012 Test Method for Antibacterial Activity and Efficacy with 99.9998% inactivation efficacy up to 60 days. However, the laboratory testing may differ greatly from field application, this journal covers the use ATP Luminometer [1,2,3,4,5 ] to ascertain the reapplication of Viral Shield on inanimate surfaces onboard mass rapid transport trains,
Uploads