Homeland security intelligence analysts need help finding relevant information quickly in a rapid... more Homeland security intelligence analysts need help finding relevant information quickly in a rapidly increasing volume of incoming raw data. Many different AI techniques are needed to handle this deluge of data. This paper describes initial investigations in the application of recommender systems to this problem. It illustrates various recommender systems technologies and suggests scenarios for how recommender systems can be applied to support an analyst. Since unclassified data on the search behavior of analysts is hard to obtain we have built a proof-ofconcept demo using analogous search behavior data in the computer science domain. The proof-of-concept collaborative recommender system that we developed is described. 1. Problem Description Homeland security and other intelligence analysts spend too much time on the mechanics of retrieving relevant information and not enough time on deep analysis. Retrieval usually needs to be initiated by the analyst (i.e., information pull). Exist...
The DARPA Agent Markup Language (DAML) is an emerging knowledge representation for the Semantic W... more The DARPA Agent Markup Language (DAML) is an emerging knowledge representation for the Semantic Web. DAML can encode the semantics of a document for use by agents on the web. However, DAML annotation of documents and web pages is a tedious and time consuming task. AeroDAML is a knowledge markup tool that applies natural language information extraction techniques to automatically generate DAML annotations from web pages. AeroDAML links most proper nouns and common relationships with classes and properties in DAML ontologies. This paper discusses the design of AeroDAML including linguistic and practical issues related to semantic annotation.
I magine a software assistant agent (AA) that proactively provides relevant concise personalized ... more I magine a software assistant agent (AA) that proactively provides relevant concise personalized information to an analyst or first responder and collaborates with other AAs to share knowledge and arrange person-to-person contact. The following descriptive scenario provides an example application of this concept. A report of an explosion at a chemical plant is received by a homeland security (HLS) analyst, local firefighters, and state police. The AA for the analyst “reads” the report and immediately retrieves information about what chemicals exist in the plant and a map of nearby dangerous and vulnerable facilities. The firefighters arrive on the scene and identify the sector from which flames and smoke are emanating. An AA provides the firefighters with information on what chemicals are likely to be burning, how to extinguish the fire, and the potential health hazards of the smoke. The AA notifies the HLS analyst that it is a harmless gas. Plant personnel tell state police they sa...
There is a revival of interest in the software product after several years of intense focus by th... more There is a revival of interest in the software product after several years of intense focus by the software engineering community on the software process. Similarly, within the software design community, there is a revival of interest in higher levels of design (e.g. software architecture) after several years of intense focus on object-oriented (OO) design methodologies (e.g. identifying objects, classes and inheritance relations). The increasing importance of software in systems is also driving the software architecture renaissance. Problems with software architecture have contributed to the difficulties of large projects like the FAA’s Advanced Automation System [1]. Because architectural decisions are usually made early in the life-cycle, they are the hardest to change and hence the most critical and far-reaching. Without a good system and software architecture it is difficult to achieve satisfaction of the original performance and behavioral requirements and it is probably impos...
The characteristic approach in mature engineering disciplines (e.g. civil and chemical engineerin... more The characteristic approach in mature engineering disciplines (e.g. civil and chemical engineering) is to build systems (e.g., buildings or chemical plants) from known solutions such as proven designs and existing components [Shaw90,D’Ippolito89]]. Engineers in mature disciplines also put great emphasis on proactively avoiding costly problems by evaluating the system before it is built [Liu87]. Models of the system’s architecture are important tools for applying known solutions and doing early evaluation in mature engineering disciplines. In software engineering, the corollary is modelling the software architecture.
This paper describes the goals and emerging results of an ongoing research project in order to so... more This paper describes the goals and emerging results of an ongoing research project in order to solicit input and feedback from the AI for Homeland Security community. The objective is to gain a greater understanding of the performance issues and computational requirements associated with real world AI applications for intelligence analysis and homeland security. These computational requirements will be used to design next generation hardware/software architectures for cognitive information processing.
... Cameras that geocode the position where pictures were taken are still rather rare; we did not... more ... Cameras that geocode the position where pictures were taken are still rather rare; we did not encounter any such photos in our data. Blogger provides multiword-tokenized tag sets, and blog post timestamps via its API. ... masjid, jamek, malaysia, hidup, = İ Lat 3.148 Long 101.6 ...
Acm Sigsoft Software Engineering Notes, Dec 1, 1995
The evolution of software engineering to a mature engineering discipline can be accelerated by ad... more The evolution of software engineering to a mature engineering discipline can be accelerated by adopting practices from other mature engineering disciplines. Mature engineering disciplines such as a chemical engineering have extensive systematic design reuse practices. In this paper, design reuse in chemical engineering is compared to current and emerging design reuse in software engineering. This comparison is based on the analogy that a chemical process that is implemented as a chemical plant is comparable to a software architecture that is implemented as a software system. The goal is to gain some insights on how engineering models are used to support systematic design reuse. These insights will help form the basis of model based software engineering.
Homeland security intelligence analysts need help finding relevant information quickly in a rapid... more Homeland security intelligence analysts need help finding relevant information quickly in a rapidly increasing volume of incoming raw data. Many different AI techniques are needed to handle this deluge of data. This paper describes initial investigations in the application of recommender systems to this problem. It illustrates various recommender systems technologies and suggests scenarios for how recommender systems can be applied to support an analyst. Since unclassified data on the search behavior of analysts is hard to obtain we have built a proof-ofconcept demo using analogous search behavior data in the computer science domain. The proof-of-concept collaborative recommender system that we developed is described. 1. Problem Description Homeland security and other intelligence analysts spend too much time on the mechanics of retrieving relevant information and not enough time on deep analysis. Retrieval usually needs to be initiated by the analyst (i.e., information pull). Exist...
The DARPA Agent Markup Language (DAML) is an emerging knowledge representation for the Semantic W... more The DARPA Agent Markup Language (DAML) is an emerging knowledge representation for the Semantic Web. DAML can encode the semantics of a document for use by agents on the web. However, DAML annotation of documents and web pages is a tedious and time consuming task. AeroDAML is a knowledge markup tool that applies natural language information extraction techniques to automatically generate DAML annotations from web pages. AeroDAML links most proper nouns and common relationships with classes and properties in DAML ontologies. This paper discusses the design of AeroDAML including linguistic and practical issues related to semantic annotation.
I magine a software assistant agent (AA) that proactively provides relevant concise personalized ... more I magine a software assistant agent (AA) that proactively provides relevant concise personalized information to an analyst or first responder and collaborates with other AAs to share knowledge and arrange person-to-person contact. The following descriptive scenario provides an example application of this concept. A report of an explosion at a chemical plant is received by a homeland security (HLS) analyst, local firefighters, and state police. The AA for the analyst “reads” the report and immediately retrieves information about what chemicals exist in the plant and a map of nearby dangerous and vulnerable facilities. The firefighters arrive on the scene and identify the sector from which flames and smoke are emanating. An AA provides the firefighters with information on what chemicals are likely to be burning, how to extinguish the fire, and the potential health hazards of the smoke. The AA notifies the HLS analyst that it is a harmless gas. Plant personnel tell state police they sa...
There is a revival of interest in the software product after several years of intense focus by th... more There is a revival of interest in the software product after several years of intense focus by the software engineering community on the software process. Similarly, within the software design community, there is a revival of interest in higher levels of design (e.g. software architecture) after several years of intense focus on object-oriented (OO) design methodologies (e.g. identifying objects, classes and inheritance relations). The increasing importance of software in systems is also driving the software architecture renaissance. Problems with software architecture have contributed to the difficulties of large projects like the FAA’s Advanced Automation System [1]. Because architectural decisions are usually made early in the life-cycle, they are the hardest to change and hence the most critical and far-reaching. Without a good system and software architecture it is difficult to achieve satisfaction of the original performance and behavioral requirements and it is probably impos...
The characteristic approach in mature engineering disciplines (e.g. civil and chemical engineerin... more The characteristic approach in mature engineering disciplines (e.g. civil and chemical engineering) is to build systems (e.g., buildings or chemical plants) from known solutions such as proven designs and existing components [Shaw90,D’Ippolito89]]. Engineers in mature disciplines also put great emphasis on proactively avoiding costly problems by evaluating the system before it is built [Liu87]. Models of the system’s architecture are important tools for applying known solutions and doing early evaluation in mature engineering disciplines. In software engineering, the corollary is modelling the software architecture.
This paper describes the goals and emerging results of an ongoing research project in order to so... more This paper describes the goals and emerging results of an ongoing research project in order to solicit input and feedback from the AI for Homeland Security community. The objective is to gain a greater understanding of the performance issues and computational requirements associated with real world AI applications for intelligence analysis and homeland security. These computational requirements will be used to design next generation hardware/software architectures for cognitive information processing.
... Cameras that geocode the position where pictures were taken are still rather rare; we did not... more ... Cameras that geocode the position where pictures were taken are still rather rare; we did not encounter any such photos in our data. Blogger provides multiword-tokenized tag sets, and blog post timestamps via its API. ... masjid, jamek, malaysia, hidup, = İ Lat 3.148 Long 101.6 ...
Acm Sigsoft Software Engineering Notes, Dec 1, 1995
The evolution of software engineering to a mature engineering discipline can be accelerated by ad... more The evolution of software engineering to a mature engineering discipline can be accelerated by adopting practices from other mature engineering disciplines. Mature engineering disciplines such as a chemical engineering have extensive systematic design reuse practices. In this paper, design reuse in chemical engineering is compared to current and emerging design reuse in software engineering. This comparison is based on the analogy that a chemical process that is implemented as a chemical plant is comparable to a software architecture that is implemented as a software system. The goal is to gain some insights on how engineering models are used to support systematic design reuse. These insights will help form the basis of model based software engineering.
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Papers by Paul Kogut