Peter Ramohia

Coastal fish species of commercial interest observed on Underwater Visual Census transects in Palau during the CoFish surveys in Koror, Ngarchelong, Ngatpang and Airai (2007). The individual counts correspond to the observations by a single diver (one side) on the 50 m transect, from the transect line up to visibility (distance sampling).

The largest rookery for hawksbill turtles in the oceanic South Pacific is the Arnavon Islands, which are located in the Manning Strait between Isabel and Choiseul Province, Solomon Is-lands. The history of this rookery is one of overexploitation, conflict and violence. Through-out the 1800s Roviana headhunters from NewGeorgia repeatedly raided the Manning Strait to collect hawksbill shell which they traded with European whalers. By the 1970s the Arna-vons hawksbill population was in severe decline and the national government intervened, declaring the Arnavons a sanctuary in 1976. But this government led initiative was short lived, with traditional owners burning down the government infrastructure and resuming in-tensive harvesting in 1982. In 1991 routine beach monitoring and turtle tagging commenced at the Arnavons along with extensive community consultations regarding the islands ’ future, and in 1995 the Arnavon Community Marine Conservation Area (ACMCA) was established. Around t...

ABSTRACT This paper presents the design of PLL (Phase Locked Loop) using PFD (Phase Frequency Detector) based on 22 transistors TSPC (True Single Phase Clock) D-FF (Flip Flop), Tri-state charge pump (CP), passive loop filter of first order and five- stage CS-VCO (Current Starved VCO) circuit. In such design, large VCO gain with increased lock range from (357MHz-900MHz) and reduced lock time is achieved using first order passive lag loop filter. The oscillation frequency range (431.683 MHz-1.7966 GHz) for VCO is increased due to reduced number of inverter stages and power dissipated by overall PLL is getting improved (7.08mW) with less design cost. Area occupied by such PLL is also reduced. This reduction in area and power is achieved with the help of five-stage CS-VCO instead of LC-Tank VCO and five-stage multiple pass ring VCO [8],[12]. The prototype is simulated using 0.18um CMOS technology with supply voltage of 1.8V. In such context the lock time of 54ns is achieved by properly selecting the design parameters for low pass filter (R and C) with reasonable damping factor (ζ=0.7).

Coastal fish species of commercial interest observed on Underwater Visual Census transects in Solomon Islands during the PROCFish/C surveys (2006) in 4 sites Chubikopi, Marau, Nggela and Rarumana. The individual counts correspond to the observations by a single diver (one side) on the 50 m transect, from the transect line up to visibility (distance sampling).

The largest rookery for hawksbill turtles in the oceanic South Pacific is the Arnavon Islands, which are located in the Manning Strait between Isabel and Choiseul Province, Solomon Islands. The history of this rookery is one of overexploitation, conflict and violence. Throughout the 1800s Roviana headhunters from New Georgia repeatedly raided the Manning Strait to collect hawksbill shell which they traded with European whalers. By the 1970s the Arnavons hawksbill population was in severe decline and the national government intervened, declaring the Arnavons a sanctuary in 1976. But this government led initiative was short lived, with traditional owners burning down the government infrastructure and resuming intensive harvesting in 1982. In 1991 routine beach monitoring and turtle tagging commenced at the Arnavons along with extensive community consultations regarding the islands' future, and in 1995 the Arnavon Community Marine Conservation Area (ACMCA) was established. Around t...

The Choiseul ridges to reefs conservation plan was facilitated and compiled by The Nature Conservancy (TNC) in response to requests from the Lauru Land Conference of Tribal Communities (LLCTC) and the Choiseul Provincial Government. These requests came about from an understanding that the future sustainability and prosperity of the Choiseul people is integrally linked to its natural ecosystems, and the development of a Choiseul conservation plan that takes biodiversity, threats and opportunities into account will ...

The western Pacific leatherback turtle (Dermochelys coriacea), one of three genetically distinct stocks in the Indo-Pacific region, has declined markedly during past decades. This metapopulation nests year-round at beaches of several western Pacific island nations and has been documented through genetic analysis and telemetry studies to occur in multiple regions of the Pacific Ocean. To provide a large-scale perspective of their movements, high-use areas, and habitat associations, we report and synthesize results of 126 satellite telemetry deployments conducted on leatherbacks at western Pacific nesting beaches and at one eastern Pacific foraging ground during 2000–2007. A Bayesian switching state-space model was applied to raw Argos-acquired surface locations to estimate daily positions and behavioral mode (either transiting or area-restricted search) for each turtle. Monthly areas of high use were identified for postnesting periods using kernel density estimation. There was a clea...