Medical Journal of Tabriz University of Medical Sciences
Background. Different shoe weights affect walking mechanics. Therefore, the purpose of this study... more Background. Different shoe weights affect walking mechanics. Therefore, the purpose of this study was to determine the effect of sport shoe weight on lower extremity muscle activities in athletes with anterior cruciate ligament reconstruction during walking. It was hypothesized that reduced shoe weight results in decreased frequency content of selected muscles during walking. Methods. Twenty healthy males and athletes with ACL reconstruction volunteered and gave their written informed consent to participate in this study. Participants were male and physically active. Each participant performed three walking trials in each of the light (mass per shoe: 150 ± 18 g), medium (300 ± 18 g), and heavy (450 ± 18 g) conditions in a randomized order and electromyography were analyzed during shod walking. Results. EMG results showed that the increase in shoe weight was directly related to the increase in electrical activity of the muscles, but only in the swing phase was the electrical activity...
Background and Aims People suffer from neck pain, headache, kyphosis and back pain while working ... more Background and Aims People suffer from neck pain, headache, kyphosis and back pain while working with the computer for a long time, which seems to increase day by day with the advancement of technology. The present study aims to investigate the effect of two types of thoracolumbosacral braces (with and without sensors) on electromyography activity of selected muscles in people with thoracic kyphosis during typing. Methods In this quasi-experimental study, 15 males with thoracic kyphosis volunteered to participate in the study. Subjects performed typing task for one minute at three conditions (with no brace, with a simple brace, and with a brace having sensors). An 8-channel wireless electromyography system was used to record the activity of selected muscles in the upper limb and shoulder area. Repeated measures analysis of variance was used to compare the electrical activity of muscles between different conditions. The significance level was set at 0.05. Results The median frequency...
Background and Aims Different shoe weights affect the gait mechanics. Some dynamic changes or adj... more Background and Aims Different shoe weights affect the gait mechanics. Some dynamic changes or adjustments induced by anterior cruciate ligament (ACL) reconstruction can be assessed through the analysis of the ground reaction forces (GRFs). This study aims to determine the effect of sports shoe weight on gait kinetics in athletes with ACL reconstruction. Methods Twenty healthy men and 20 athletes with ACL reconstruction volunteered to participate in this study. Each participant performed three walking trials with shoes having light (weight: 150±18 g), moderate (300±18 g), and heavy (450±18 g) weights in a randomized order. The GRFs were analyzed during shod walking. Results The GRF component at vertical direction during the heel contact phase changed significantly during the use of shoes with different weights (P=0.001). In addition, the GRF at vertical direction during the push-off phase and GRF at mediolateral direction during the push-off phase increased significantly (P=0.023 and...
Physical Treatments - Specific Physical Therapy Journal
Purpose: Military boots mileage is a main factor that can affect the risk of running injuries. Th... more Purpose: Military boots mileage is a main factor that can affect the risk of running injuries. The present study aims to evaluate the effect of three types of military boots mileage on knee muscular co-contraction during running. Methods: Fifteen healthy males received three pairs of new military boots. Participants wore these boots for more than 6 months. Electromyography activity of lower limb muscles during running at constant speed was recorded during pre- and post-intervention. Then, knee muscular co-contraction was calculated. Results: Results showed a significant increase during loading response (P=0.030, n2p=0.157) and push-off (P=0.008, n2p=0.302) phases for general knee co-contraction at post-test compared to the pre-test. Also, directed mediolateral knee co-contraction showed a significant increment during mid-stance (P=0.028, n2p=0.040) and push-off (P=0.039, n2p=0.115) phases at post-test compared to the pre-test. Conclusion: It can be concluded that knee joint instabil...
1. MSc Student of Sport Biomechanics, Department of Sport Management and Biomechanics, Faculty of... more 1. MSc Student of Sport Biomechanics, Department of Sport Management and Biomechanics, Faculty of Education Sciences and Psychology, University of Mohaghegh Ardabili, Ardabil, Iran 2. Associate Professor of Sport Biomechanics, Department of Sport Management and Biomechanics, Faculty of Education Sciences and Psychology, University of Mohaghegh Ardabili, Ardabil, Iran 3. Department of Physical Education and Sport Sciences, Payam Noor University, Tehran, Iran
BACKGROUND Shoe mileage may influence the risk of sustaining injuries during walking. RESEARCH QU... more BACKGROUND Shoe mileage may influence the risk of sustaining injuries during walking. RESEARCH QUESTION What are the effects of shoe mileage on knee and ankle muscle co-contraction during walking in females with genu varus? METHODS Fifteen healthy and 15 women diagnosed with genu varus received a new pair of running shoes. They were asked to wear these shoes over 6 months. Pre and post intervention, muscle activities of the dominant limb were recorded during a walking test at preferred gait speed. Two dependent variables were assessed to examine muscle co-contraction: (1) directed co-contraction ratios of agonists and antagonists, and (2) general joint muscle co-contraction. FINDINGS Results demonstrated significant main effects of the "shoe" factor for general ankle co-contraction during the push-off phase (p = 0.013, d = 1.503). Irrespective of experimental group, paired comparisons revealed significantly lower general ankle co-contraction during the push-off phase after...
Background Social isolation through quarantine represents an effective means to prevent COVID-19 ... more Background Social isolation through quarantine represents an effective means to prevent COVID-19 infection. A negative side-effect of quarantine is low physical activity. Research question What are the differences of running kinetics and muscle activities of recreational runners with a history of COVID-19 versus healthy controls? Methods Forty men and women aged 20–30 years participated in this study and were divided into two experimental groups. Group 1 (age: 24.1 ± 2.9) consisted of participants with a history of COVID-19 (COVID group) and group 2 (age: 24.2 ± 2.7) of healthy age and sex-matched controls (controls). Both groups were tested for their running kinetics using a force plate and electromyographic activities (i.e., tibialis anterior [TA], gastrocnemius medialis [Gas-M], biceps femoris [BF], semitendinosus [ST], vastus lateralis [VL], vastus medialis [VM], rectus femoris [RF], gluteus medius [Glut-M]). Results Results demonstrated higher peak vertical (p = 0.029; d=0.788) and medial (p = 0.004; d=1.119) ground reaction forces (GRFs) during push-off in COVID individuals compared with controls. Moreover, higher peak lateral GRFs were found during heel contact (p = 0.001; d=1.536) in the COVID group. COVID-19 individuals showed a shorter time-to-reach the peak vertical (p = 0.001; d=3.779) and posterior GRFs (p = 0.005; d=1.099) during heel contact. Moreover, the COVID group showed higher Gas-M (p = 0.007; d=1.109) and lower VM activity (p = 0.026; d=0.811) at heel contact. Significance Different running kinetics and muscle activities were found in COVID-19 individuals versus healthy controls. Therefore, practitioners and therapists are advised to implement balance and/or strength training to improve lower limbs alignment and mediolateral control during dynamic movements in runners who recovered from COVID-19.
Medical Journal of Tabriz University of Medical Sciences
Background. Different shoe weights affect walking mechanics. Therefore, the purpose of this study... more Background. Different shoe weights affect walking mechanics. Therefore, the purpose of this study was to determine the effect of sport shoe weight on lower extremity muscle activities in athletes with anterior cruciate ligament reconstruction during walking. It was hypothesized that reduced shoe weight results in decreased frequency content of selected muscles during walking. Methods. Twenty healthy males and athletes with ACL reconstruction volunteered and gave their written informed consent to participate in this study. Participants were male and physically active. Each participant performed three walking trials in each of the light (mass per shoe: 150 ± 18 g), medium (300 ± 18 g), and heavy (450 ± 18 g) conditions in a randomized order and electromyography were analyzed during shod walking. Results. EMG results showed that the increase in shoe weight was directly related to the increase in electrical activity of the muscles, but only in the swing phase was the electrical activity...
Background and Aims People suffer from neck pain, headache, kyphosis and back pain while working ... more Background and Aims People suffer from neck pain, headache, kyphosis and back pain while working with the computer for a long time, which seems to increase day by day with the advancement of technology. The present study aims to investigate the effect of two types of thoracolumbosacral braces (with and without sensors) on electromyography activity of selected muscles in people with thoracic kyphosis during typing. Methods In this quasi-experimental study, 15 males with thoracic kyphosis volunteered to participate in the study. Subjects performed typing task for one minute at three conditions (with no brace, with a simple brace, and with a brace having sensors). An 8-channel wireless electromyography system was used to record the activity of selected muscles in the upper limb and shoulder area. Repeated measures analysis of variance was used to compare the electrical activity of muscles between different conditions. The significance level was set at 0.05. Results The median frequency...
Background and Aims Different shoe weights affect the gait mechanics. Some dynamic changes or adj... more Background and Aims Different shoe weights affect the gait mechanics. Some dynamic changes or adjustments induced by anterior cruciate ligament (ACL) reconstruction can be assessed through the analysis of the ground reaction forces (GRFs). This study aims to determine the effect of sports shoe weight on gait kinetics in athletes with ACL reconstruction. Methods Twenty healthy men and 20 athletes with ACL reconstruction volunteered to participate in this study. Each participant performed three walking trials with shoes having light (weight: 150±18 g), moderate (300±18 g), and heavy (450±18 g) weights in a randomized order. The GRFs were analyzed during shod walking. Results The GRF component at vertical direction during the heel contact phase changed significantly during the use of shoes with different weights (P=0.001). In addition, the GRF at vertical direction during the push-off phase and GRF at mediolateral direction during the push-off phase increased significantly (P=0.023 and...
Physical Treatments - Specific Physical Therapy Journal
Purpose: Military boots mileage is a main factor that can affect the risk of running injuries. Th... more Purpose: Military boots mileage is a main factor that can affect the risk of running injuries. The present study aims to evaluate the effect of three types of military boots mileage on knee muscular co-contraction during running. Methods: Fifteen healthy males received three pairs of new military boots. Participants wore these boots for more than 6 months. Electromyography activity of lower limb muscles during running at constant speed was recorded during pre- and post-intervention. Then, knee muscular co-contraction was calculated. Results: Results showed a significant increase during loading response (P=0.030, n2p=0.157) and push-off (P=0.008, n2p=0.302) phases for general knee co-contraction at post-test compared to the pre-test. Also, directed mediolateral knee co-contraction showed a significant increment during mid-stance (P=0.028, n2p=0.040) and push-off (P=0.039, n2p=0.115) phases at post-test compared to the pre-test. Conclusion: It can be concluded that knee joint instabil...
1. MSc Student of Sport Biomechanics, Department of Sport Management and Biomechanics, Faculty of... more 1. MSc Student of Sport Biomechanics, Department of Sport Management and Biomechanics, Faculty of Education Sciences and Psychology, University of Mohaghegh Ardabili, Ardabil, Iran 2. Associate Professor of Sport Biomechanics, Department of Sport Management and Biomechanics, Faculty of Education Sciences and Psychology, University of Mohaghegh Ardabili, Ardabil, Iran 3. Department of Physical Education and Sport Sciences, Payam Noor University, Tehran, Iran
BACKGROUND Shoe mileage may influence the risk of sustaining injuries during walking. RESEARCH QU... more BACKGROUND Shoe mileage may influence the risk of sustaining injuries during walking. RESEARCH QUESTION What are the effects of shoe mileage on knee and ankle muscle co-contraction during walking in females with genu varus? METHODS Fifteen healthy and 15 women diagnosed with genu varus received a new pair of running shoes. They were asked to wear these shoes over 6 months. Pre and post intervention, muscle activities of the dominant limb were recorded during a walking test at preferred gait speed. Two dependent variables were assessed to examine muscle co-contraction: (1) directed co-contraction ratios of agonists and antagonists, and (2) general joint muscle co-contraction. FINDINGS Results demonstrated significant main effects of the "shoe" factor for general ankle co-contraction during the push-off phase (p = 0.013, d = 1.503). Irrespective of experimental group, paired comparisons revealed significantly lower general ankle co-contraction during the push-off phase after...
Background Social isolation through quarantine represents an effective means to prevent COVID-19 ... more Background Social isolation through quarantine represents an effective means to prevent COVID-19 infection. A negative side-effect of quarantine is low physical activity. Research question What are the differences of running kinetics and muscle activities of recreational runners with a history of COVID-19 versus healthy controls? Methods Forty men and women aged 20–30 years participated in this study and were divided into two experimental groups. Group 1 (age: 24.1 ± 2.9) consisted of participants with a history of COVID-19 (COVID group) and group 2 (age: 24.2 ± 2.7) of healthy age and sex-matched controls (controls). Both groups were tested for their running kinetics using a force plate and electromyographic activities (i.e., tibialis anterior [TA], gastrocnemius medialis [Gas-M], biceps femoris [BF], semitendinosus [ST], vastus lateralis [VL], vastus medialis [VM], rectus femoris [RF], gluteus medius [Glut-M]). Results Results demonstrated higher peak vertical (p = 0.029; d=0.788) and medial (p = 0.004; d=1.119) ground reaction forces (GRFs) during push-off in COVID individuals compared with controls. Moreover, higher peak lateral GRFs were found during heel contact (p = 0.001; d=1.536) in the COVID group. COVID-19 individuals showed a shorter time-to-reach the peak vertical (p = 0.001; d=3.779) and posterior GRFs (p = 0.005; d=1.099) during heel contact. Moreover, the COVID group showed higher Gas-M (p = 0.007; d=1.109) and lower VM activity (p = 0.026; d=0.811) at heel contact. Significance Different running kinetics and muscle activities were found in COVID-19 individuals versus healthy controls. Therefore, practitioners and therapists are advised to implement balance and/or strength training to improve lower limbs alignment and mediolateral control during dynamic movements in runners who recovered from COVID-19.
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Papers by Milad Piran