International Journal of Diabetes in Developing Countries, 2014
ABSTRACT The prevalence of type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM) is rapidly increasing in India. Additi... more ABSTRACT The prevalence of type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM) is rapidly increasing in India. Additional antihyperglycemic treatment options are important for patients who cannot achieve glycemic control through diet and exercise. The dipeptidyl peptidase 4 (DPP-4) inhibitor saxagliptin is efficacious and well tolerated in Western patients with T2DM but has not been tested prospectively in a dedicated study in Indian patients. A multicenter, randomized, double-blind, placebo-controlled, parallel-group study was conducted in India to evaluate the efficacy and safety of saxagliptin. Treatment-naive adults with T2DM and glycated hemoglobin (HbA(1c)) between 7.0 % and 10.0 % at randomization were recruited. Patients were assigned 1:1 to receive saxagliptin 5 mg or matching placebo tablets once daily for 24 weeks. The primary efficacy endpoint was change from baseline to week 24 in HbA(1c), using last observation carried forward methodology. Two hundred thirteen patients were randomized (saxagliptin, N = 107; placebo, N = 106). Adjusted mean absolute reductions in HbA(1c) from baseline to week 24 were significantly greater with saxagliptin (-0.51 % ;N = 104) versus placebo (-0.05 %; n = 105; difference for saxagliptin vs placebo, -0.46 %; SE, 0.14 %; 95 % CI, -0.73 %, -0.18 %; P = 0.0011). The incidence of adverse events was 47.7 % with saxagliptin and 45.3 % with placebo. No deaths, serious adverse events, or reported or confirmed hypoglycemic events occurred. Saxagliptin provided statistically and clinically significant improvement in HbA(1c) for Indian patients, similar to previous findings in Western study populations. Saxagliptin was well tolerated, with no previously unidentified safety findings, and had a safety profile comparable to placebo.
Journal of clinical and diagnostic research : JCDR, 2013
The Ankle-Brachial Index (ABI) objectively assesses the lower extremity arterial perfusion. A low... more The Ankle-Brachial Index (ABI) objectively assesses the lower extremity arterial perfusion. A low ABI suggests atherosclerosis and Peripheral Arterial Disease (PAD). PAD is more common in individuals with type2 Diabetes mellitus (Type2 DM). Inflammatory markers are found to be associated with Type2 DM. But the association of the inflammatory markers with the atherosclerotic burden remains poorly defined. To compare the ABI and the hsCRP in the Type 2 DM patients with those in the normal subjects and to study the association of serum hsCRP with ABI in the Type 2 DM patients and in normal subjects. The subjects were 40 Type2 DM and 40 age, sex and BMI matched normal subjects who were aged between 45-60 yrs. The subjects were assigned to two different groups, Group1- the Type2 DM patients and Group2- the healthy controls. The serum hsCRP levels were determined by the turbidimetry method (BIOSYSTEMS) and the ABI values were determined by using the traditional continuous wave (CW) Dopple...
There is no significant difference in the metabolic control with animal or human insulin. At pres... more There is no significant difference in the metabolic control with animal or human insulin. At present there is no clinical data comparing the diabetes related mortality and complications, with animal or human insulin. The earlier animal insulins were more immunogenic as compared to human insulin, but the present day highly purified monocomponent insulins are less antigenic and the difference in the antigenicity as compared to human insulin has not proved to be of clinical importance. The receptor binding affinity of animal insulin at the major sites of action as well as the post receptor events is similar to human insulin. The complications like insulin lipodystrophy, lipoatrophy, insulin allergy and insulin resistance seen with the older impure animal insulins is uncommon with the highly purified animal insulins and synthetic insulins. Hypoglycemic unawareness is seen more with the human insulin as compared to the animal insulin. The animal insulins are more cost effective in the long-term management of the insulin requiring diabetics, especially in a developing country like ours.
Osteoporosis is characterized by low bone mass and micro architectural deterioration of bone tiss... more Osteoporosis is characterized by low bone mass and micro architectural deterioration of bone tissue, with a conse-quent increase in bone fragility and susceptibility to fracture. It has been difficult to attribute bone loss in aging men to either testosterone or estrogen deficiency. 179 apparently healthy South Indian men in the age group of 40-80 yrs were studied. Body Mass Index (BMI), Bone Mineral Density (BMD) and serum testosterone were estimated. The BMD of L1-L4 vertebrae & left hip were measured using Dual Energy X-ray Absorptiometry (DEXA-Hologic Delphi W, SN 70462, QDR system software version 11.1). Serum total testosterone was estimated by RIA methods for all individuals. There is a gradual decrease in the BMD-HIP / Incidence of osteoporosis with advancing age. But age has no significant correlation with bone mineral density (BMD-spine -r = 0.0098, P=0.8965, left hip r = -0.1304, P = 0.082). Body mass index (BMI) correlated positively with BMD (BMD-spine -r = 0.318, left ...
International Journal of Diabetes in Developing Countries, 2012
ABSTRACT The aim of the study was to assess the plasma fibrinogen levels in type 2 diabetes melli... more ABSTRACT The aim of the study was to assess the plasma fibrinogen levels in type 2 diabetes mellitus patients and to compare with that of healthy controls. To correlate plasma fibrinogen levels with blood pressure (BP), BMI (Body Mass Index) and HbA1c (Glycated hemoglobin) among diabetics and healthy controls. Blood samples were collected for Plasma fibrinogen levels and HbA1c from 30 diagnosed type 2 diabetes mellitus patients. Their BP and BMI were recorded. 30 age and sex matched healthy subjects were included as a control group. There was a rise in plasma fibrinogen levels in diabetics with BMI 0.05). Though there was a slight trend of increasing levels of plasma fibrinogen among diabetics as compared to controls. However, a significant positive correlation between BMI, male gender and increasing age with plasma fibrinogen was found.
International Journal of Diabetes in Developing Countries, 2014
ABSTRACT The prevalence of type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM) is rapidly increasing in India. Additi... more ABSTRACT The prevalence of type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM) is rapidly increasing in India. Additional antihyperglycemic treatment options are important for patients who cannot achieve glycemic control through diet and exercise. The dipeptidyl peptidase 4 (DPP-4) inhibitor saxagliptin is efficacious and well tolerated in Western patients with T2DM but has not been tested prospectively in a dedicated study in Indian patients. A multicenter, randomized, double-blind, placebo-controlled, parallel-group study was conducted in India to evaluate the efficacy and safety of saxagliptin. Treatment-naive adults with T2DM and glycated hemoglobin (HbA(1c)) between 7.0 % and 10.0 % at randomization were recruited. Patients were assigned 1:1 to receive saxagliptin 5 mg or matching placebo tablets once daily for 24 weeks. The primary efficacy endpoint was change from baseline to week 24 in HbA(1c), using last observation carried forward methodology. Two hundred thirteen patients were randomized (saxagliptin, N = 107; placebo, N = 106). Adjusted mean absolute reductions in HbA(1c) from baseline to week 24 were significantly greater with saxagliptin (-0.51 % ;N = 104) versus placebo (-0.05 %; n = 105; difference for saxagliptin vs placebo, -0.46 %; SE, 0.14 %; 95 % CI, -0.73 %, -0.18 %; P = 0.0011). The incidence of adverse events was 47.7 % with saxagliptin and 45.3 % with placebo. No deaths, serious adverse events, or reported or confirmed hypoglycemic events occurred. Saxagliptin provided statistically and clinically significant improvement in HbA(1c) for Indian patients, similar to previous findings in Western study populations. Saxagliptin was well tolerated, with no previously unidentified safety findings, and had a safety profile comparable to placebo.
Journal of clinical and diagnostic research : JCDR, 2013
The Ankle-Brachial Index (ABI) objectively assesses the lower extremity arterial perfusion. A low... more The Ankle-Brachial Index (ABI) objectively assesses the lower extremity arterial perfusion. A low ABI suggests atherosclerosis and Peripheral Arterial Disease (PAD). PAD is more common in individuals with type2 Diabetes mellitus (Type2 DM). Inflammatory markers are found to be associated with Type2 DM. But the association of the inflammatory markers with the atherosclerotic burden remains poorly defined. To compare the ABI and the hsCRP in the Type 2 DM patients with those in the normal subjects and to study the association of serum hsCRP with ABI in the Type 2 DM patients and in normal subjects. The subjects were 40 Type2 DM and 40 age, sex and BMI matched normal subjects who were aged between 45-60 yrs. The subjects were assigned to two different groups, Group1- the Type2 DM patients and Group2- the healthy controls. The serum hsCRP levels were determined by the turbidimetry method (BIOSYSTEMS) and the ABI values were determined by using the traditional continuous wave (CW) Dopple...
There is no significant difference in the metabolic control with animal or human insulin. At pres... more There is no significant difference in the metabolic control with animal or human insulin. At present there is no clinical data comparing the diabetes related mortality and complications, with animal or human insulin. The earlier animal insulins were more immunogenic as compared to human insulin, but the present day highly purified monocomponent insulins are less antigenic and the difference in the antigenicity as compared to human insulin has not proved to be of clinical importance. The receptor binding affinity of animal insulin at the major sites of action as well as the post receptor events is similar to human insulin. The complications like insulin lipodystrophy, lipoatrophy, insulin allergy and insulin resistance seen with the older impure animal insulins is uncommon with the highly purified animal insulins and synthetic insulins. Hypoglycemic unawareness is seen more with the human insulin as compared to the animal insulin. The animal insulins are more cost effective in the long-term management of the insulin requiring diabetics, especially in a developing country like ours.
Osteoporosis is characterized by low bone mass and micro architectural deterioration of bone tiss... more Osteoporosis is characterized by low bone mass and micro architectural deterioration of bone tissue, with a conse-quent increase in bone fragility and susceptibility to fracture. It has been difficult to attribute bone loss in aging men to either testosterone or estrogen deficiency. 179 apparently healthy South Indian men in the age group of 40-80 yrs were studied. Body Mass Index (BMI), Bone Mineral Density (BMD) and serum testosterone were estimated. The BMD of L1-L4 vertebrae & left hip were measured using Dual Energy X-ray Absorptiometry (DEXA-Hologic Delphi W, SN 70462, QDR system software version 11.1). Serum total testosterone was estimated by RIA methods for all individuals. There is a gradual decrease in the BMD-HIP / Incidence of osteoporosis with advancing age. But age has no significant correlation with bone mineral density (BMD-spine -r = 0.0098, P=0.8965, left hip r = -0.1304, P = 0.082). Body mass index (BMI) correlated positively with BMD (BMD-spine -r = 0.318, left ...
International Journal of Diabetes in Developing Countries, 2012
ABSTRACT The aim of the study was to assess the plasma fibrinogen levels in type 2 diabetes melli... more ABSTRACT The aim of the study was to assess the plasma fibrinogen levels in type 2 diabetes mellitus patients and to compare with that of healthy controls. To correlate plasma fibrinogen levels with blood pressure (BP), BMI (Body Mass Index) and HbA1c (Glycated hemoglobin) among diabetics and healthy controls. Blood samples were collected for Plasma fibrinogen levels and HbA1c from 30 diagnosed type 2 diabetes mellitus patients. Their BP and BMI were recorded. 30 age and sex matched healthy subjects were included as a control group. There was a rise in plasma fibrinogen levels in diabetics with BMI 0.05). Though there was a slight trend of increasing levels of plasma fibrinogen among diabetics as compared to controls. However, a significant positive correlation between BMI, male gender and increasing age with plasma fibrinogen was found.
Uploads
Papers by Prasanna M Kumar