IOP Conference Series: Earth and Environmental Science
The growth and leaf anatomy of plants in general time will changes when cultivated in drought are... more The growth and leaf anatomy of plants in general time will changes when cultivated in drought area. An adaptation plant process that can be assessed from morphological characters. The research was conducted in a greenhouse and physiology laboratory at Sungei Putih Research Center, Indonesian Rubber Research Institute from June to September 2020. The study design is factorial randomized block design (RBD), the first factor is rubber clones (IRR 425, IRR 428, IRR 429, IRR 434, IRR 440, RRIC 100, BPM 24), the second factor is water content based on capasity field (CF) (30%, 60%, 90%) with repeated three times. The data is analyzed by MINITAB 6 software. If the analysis showed a significant difference, it would be continued by Tukey 5% test. The observed characters were plant height (cm), girth (mm), cuticle thickness (μm), stomata density and leaf relative water content (%). The results showed plant height and girth a decrease when the water content 30% CF, while cuticle thickness, sto...
Increase in science and technology development today has spurred environmental pollution in water... more Increase in science and technology development today has spurred environmental pollution in water, soil and air. Water pollution caused by the impact of industrial development must be controlled as quickly as possible. The study aimed to investigate the effect of Eichhornia crassipes plants at given metal concentrations. The Eichhornia crassipes plant was used as an observation material with varying concentrations of metal (Cr, Hg, and Pb). The method used in this study was Randomised Block Design (RBD) and continued with Duncan's Multiple Range Test analysis, or better known as the DMRT test. The study observations showed that the increase in Eichhornia crassipes seedlings was 3cm, 2cm and 2cm, respectively with the recorded concentrations of 20%, 40%, 60%, and 80%. Meanwhile, the leachate concentrations of 20%, 40%, 60%, and 80% could also increase the roots of Eichhornia crassipes plants by 3.5cm, 1.5cm and 1cm, respectively. However, the leaf growth of Eichhornia crassipes p...
Nutrient balance in the soil support plant growth and yield. The objective of this study was aime... more Nutrient balance in the soil support plant growth and yield. The objective of this study was aimed to obtain doses of calcium, magnesium, and potassium fertilizers in relation to the ratio of cations-base (Ca2+, Mg2+, K+) to increase latex yield in rubber plants. The study was conducted on a rubber plantation in Dolok Masihul Sub-district, Serdang Bedagai District, North Sumatra, Indonesia, from January to August 2019. The treatment was used with three factors, including the first factor was CaCO3 (0; 1 500 g/tree/year), the second factor of MgSO4.H2O (0; 1 500; 3 000; 4 500 g/tree/year), and the third factor by KCl (0; 500; 1 000; 1 500 g/tree/year) in a Randomized Block Design (RBD) within three replicates. Results showed that the calcium of 1 500 g/tree/year increased the Mg-latex and latex yield by 160.70 g/tree/tapping. An increase in the three cations-base in soil, leaves, latex, and latex yield was also observed after the application of magnesium ranged by 1 500 to 4 500 g/tr...
IOP Conference Series: Earth and Environmental Science, 2021
Improvement efforts to obtain high yield and adaptive varieties can be carried out through plant ... more Improvement efforts to obtain high yield and adaptive varieties can be carried out through plant breeding programs. The success of irradiation in increasing population diversity is determined by plant radiosensitivity. Radiosensitivity aimed to determine a dose that caused plant death (lethal dose) or growth inhibition of 50% of the irradiated population (LD-50). The seeds of rice CV. Sidikalang was irradiated with gamma rays at doses of 100, 200, 300, 400, 500, 600, 700, 800, 900, 1000, 1100 and 1200 Gy. The results showed that the value of Lethal Dose (LD-50) on the percentage of germination is 586.446 Gy and the gamma ray irradiation treatment gave different responses to plant height.
IOP Conference Series: Earth and Environmental Science, 2018
Weed problems in oil palm field were mainly overcomed by herbicide application. The application c... more Weed problems in oil palm field were mainly overcomed by herbicide application. The application certain herbicides may lead to rapid population dynamic of certain species due to their different response to herbicides. Some species may less susceptible to certain herbicide whereas other species more susceptible. The objective of this study was to determine the population dynamic of weed species in circle weeding of oil palm in Serdang Bedagai, North Sumatra. Six treatments using glyphosate singly and mixture compared with manual weeding were evaluated for weed control. The treatments were arranged in a randomized block design with four replicates. Each treatment consisted of four circle weedings. The results showed that glyphosate 720 g a.i/ha + indaziflam 50 g a.i/hareduced seedbank and regrowth of weeds. Up to 12 weeks after application glyphosate 720 g a.i/ha + indaziflam 50 g a.i/ha is 29.46% total weeds dry weight compared to manual weeding. The effect of herbicide application on changes on the weed composition and weed seedbank are affected by the characteristic of herbicides and weed response to herbicide application.
Pertumbuhan vetiver yang cepat diperlukan di lapangan agar fungsi vetiver sebagai tanaman konserv... more Pertumbuhan vetiver yang cepat diperlukan di lapangan agar fungsi vetiver sebagai tanaman konservasi dapat diperoleh. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk menguji pengaruh media tanam dan panjang bahan tanaman (slip) terhadap pertumbuhan bibit tanaman vetiver (Vetiveria zizanoides (L.) Nash). Pengujian dilaksanakan dengan rancangan acak kelompok faktorial yang terdiri dari dua faktor yaitu media tanam (topsoil; topsoil+pasir; topsoil+cocopeat; topsoil+ sebuk gergaji) dan panjang anakan (10, 20, 30 cm). Parameter yang diamati adalah tinggi tanaman, jumlah anakan, panjang akar, bobot basah tajuk, bobot basah akar, dan bobot kering akar. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa perlakuan media tanam berpengaruh nyata terhadap tinggi tanaman, jumlah anakan, bobot basah tajuk dan bobot kering akar. Tinggi tanaman, jumlah anakan, bobot basah tajuk dan bobot kering akar tertinggi dijumpai pada media tanam topsoil (kontrol) diikuti oleh topsoil + pasir, topsoil + cocopeat, dan topsoil + serbuk gergaji....
The of a weed of immature oil palm on peat area is generally dominated by ferns as Stenochlaena p... more The of a weed of immature oil palm on peat area is generally dominated by ferns as Stenochlaena palustris and Biserrata nephrolepis . Herbicide used to control ferns on peat is such limited. This research aimed to evaluate the bioefficacy of saflufenacil alone and combination with other herbicide ( glifosat, glufosinat, paraquat, metsulfuron methyl ) on peat land. This research is used randomized complete block design non factorial with there were 10 different herbicide treatment including paraquat (1500 g a.i.ha -1 ), glufosinat (3500 g a.i.ha -1 ), glifosat ( 1500 g a.i.ha -1 ), saflufenacil (75 g a.i.ha -1 ), saflufenacil (60 g a.i.ha -1 ) + paraquat (1500 g a.i.ha -1 ), saflufenacil (75 g a.i.ha -1 ) + glifosat (1500 g a.i.ha -1 ), saflufenacil (75 g a.i.ha -1 ) + glufosinat (1500 g a.i.ha -1 ), saflufenacil (75 g a.i.ha -1 ) + metil metsufuron (75 g a.i.ha -1 ), saflufenacil (75 g a.i.ha -1 ) + ( paraquat 1500 g a.i.ha -1 ) and without...
Goosegrass ( Eleusine indica ) in rubber plantations in Rambutan Estate, PTPN III has been contro... more Goosegrass ( Eleusine indica ) in rubber plantations in Rambutan Estate, PTPN III has been controlled by using glyphosate continuously for 28 years. It has recently been reported that glyphosate is no longer effective for controlling E.indica in the area. How large the area of glyphosate-resistant goosegrass in the Rambutan Estate and what alternative herbicide as control options can be implemented is never reported. This study aims to determine the distribution of E. indica populations that have evolved to be resistant to glyphosate and the possibility of indaziflam as alternative herbicide to control glyphosate-resistant goosegrass population in the Estate. Seed samples from more than 50 plants in each population which had continuously been exposed to glyphosate for 28 years were collected from 14 different rubber plantation blocks. The fourteen putative glyphosate-resistant goosegrass populations were tested for glyphosate resistance along with sensitive population that was neve...
IOP Conference Series: Earth and Environmental Science, 2021
A biotype of Paraquat resistant goosegrass (Eleusine indica (L.) Gaertn.) has envolved in an oil ... more A biotype of Paraquat resistant goosegrass (Eleusine indica (L.) Gaertn.) has envolved in an oil palm plantation in North Sumatera after been treated with Paraquat herbicide in a long period of time. This study aims to investigate the fitness of Paraquat resistant biotype when growing with susceptible biotype in the absence of herbicide. Seeds of Paraquat resistant biotype of Eleusine indica were collected from an oil palm plantation in Deli Serdang and had been proven to have resistant of Paraquat herbicide whereas the susceptible population from a field near campus of Universitas Sumatera Utara which never been exposed to Paraquat herbicide. Both biotypes were planted with proportions of 100 R: 0 S, 75 R: 25 S, 50 R: 50 S, 25 R: 75 S, and 0 R: 100 S with four replications. The result showed that Paraquat resistant biotypes had stronger fitness that the susceptible biotypes.
IOP Conference Series: Earth and Environmental Science
The growth and leaf anatomy of plants in general time will changes when cultivated in drought are... more The growth and leaf anatomy of plants in general time will changes when cultivated in drought area. An adaptation plant process that can be assessed from morphological characters. The research was conducted in a greenhouse and physiology laboratory at Sungei Putih Research Center, Indonesian Rubber Research Institute from June to September 2020. The study design is factorial randomized block design (RBD), the first factor is rubber clones (IRR 425, IRR 428, IRR 429, IRR 434, IRR 440, RRIC 100, BPM 24), the second factor is water content based on capasity field (CF) (30%, 60%, 90%) with repeated three times. The data is analyzed by MINITAB 6 software. If the analysis showed a significant difference, it would be continued by Tukey 5% test. The observed characters were plant height (cm), girth (mm), cuticle thickness (μm), stomata density and leaf relative water content (%). The results showed plant height and girth a decrease when the water content 30% CF, while cuticle thickness, sto...
Increase in science and technology development today has spurred environmental pollution in water... more Increase in science and technology development today has spurred environmental pollution in water, soil and air. Water pollution caused by the impact of industrial development must be controlled as quickly as possible. The study aimed to investigate the effect of Eichhornia crassipes plants at given metal concentrations. The Eichhornia crassipes plant was used as an observation material with varying concentrations of metal (Cr, Hg, and Pb). The method used in this study was Randomised Block Design (RBD) and continued with Duncan's Multiple Range Test analysis, or better known as the DMRT test. The study observations showed that the increase in Eichhornia crassipes seedlings was 3cm, 2cm and 2cm, respectively with the recorded concentrations of 20%, 40%, 60%, and 80%. Meanwhile, the leachate concentrations of 20%, 40%, 60%, and 80% could also increase the roots of Eichhornia crassipes plants by 3.5cm, 1.5cm and 1cm, respectively. However, the leaf growth of Eichhornia crassipes p...
Nutrient balance in the soil support plant growth and yield. The objective of this study was aime... more Nutrient balance in the soil support plant growth and yield. The objective of this study was aimed to obtain doses of calcium, magnesium, and potassium fertilizers in relation to the ratio of cations-base (Ca2+, Mg2+, K+) to increase latex yield in rubber plants. The study was conducted on a rubber plantation in Dolok Masihul Sub-district, Serdang Bedagai District, North Sumatra, Indonesia, from January to August 2019. The treatment was used with three factors, including the first factor was CaCO3 (0; 1 500 g/tree/year), the second factor of MgSO4.H2O (0; 1 500; 3 000; 4 500 g/tree/year), and the third factor by KCl (0; 500; 1 000; 1 500 g/tree/year) in a Randomized Block Design (RBD) within three replicates. Results showed that the calcium of 1 500 g/tree/year increased the Mg-latex and latex yield by 160.70 g/tree/tapping. An increase in the three cations-base in soil, leaves, latex, and latex yield was also observed after the application of magnesium ranged by 1 500 to 4 500 g/tr...
IOP Conference Series: Earth and Environmental Science, 2021
Improvement efforts to obtain high yield and adaptive varieties can be carried out through plant ... more Improvement efforts to obtain high yield and adaptive varieties can be carried out through plant breeding programs. The success of irradiation in increasing population diversity is determined by plant radiosensitivity. Radiosensitivity aimed to determine a dose that caused plant death (lethal dose) or growth inhibition of 50% of the irradiated population (LD-50). The seeds of rice CV. Sidikalang was irradiated with gamma rays at doses of 100, 200, 300, 400, 500, 600, 700, 800, 900, 1000, 1100 and 1200 Gy. The results showed that the value of Lethal Dose (LD-50) on the percentage of germination is 586.446 Gy and the gamma ray irradiation treatment gave different responses to plant height.
IOP Conference Series: Earth and Environmental Science, 2018
Weed problems in oil palm field were mainly overcomed by herbicide application. The application c... more Weed problems in oil palm field were mainly overcomed by herbicide application. The application certain herbicides may lead to rapid population dynamic of certain species due to their different response to herbicides. Some species may less susceptible to certain herbicide whereas other species more susceptible. The objective of this study was to determine the population dynamic of weed species in circle weeding of oil palm in Serdang Bedagai, North Sumatra. Six treatments using glyphosate singly and mixture compared with manual weeding were evaluated for weed control. The treatments were arranged in a randomized block design with four replicates. Each treatment consisted of four circle weedings. The results showed that glyphosate 720 g a.i/ha + indaziflam 50 g a.i/hareduced seedbank and regrowth of weeds. Up to 12 weeks after application glyphosate 720 g a.i/ha + indaziflam 50 g a.i/ha is 29.46% total weeds dry weight compared to manual weeding. The effect of herbicide application on changes on the weed composition and weed seedbank are affected by the characteristic of herbicides and weed response to herbicide application.
Pertumbuhan vetiver yang cepat diperlukan di lapangan agar fungsi vetiver sebagai tanaman konserv... more Pertumbuhan vetiver yang cepat diperlukan di lapangan agar fungsi vetiver sebagai tanaman konservasi dapat diperoleh. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk menguji pengaruh media tanam dan panjang bahan tanaman (slip) terhadap pertumbuhan bibit tanaman vetiver (Vetiveria zizanoides (L.) Nash). Pengujian dilaksanakan dengan rancangan acak kelompok faktorial yang terdiri dari dua faktor yaitu media tanam (topsoil; topsoil+pasir; topsoil+cocopeat; topsoil+ sebuk gergaji) dan panjang anakan (10, 20, 30 cm). Parameter yang diamati adalah tinggi tanaman, jumlah anakan, panjang akar, bobot basah tajuk, bobot basah akar, dan bobot kering akar. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa perlakuan media tanam berpengaruh nyata terhadap tinggi tanaman, jumlah anakan, bobot basah tajuk dan bobot kering akar. Tinggi tanaman, jumlah anakan, bobot basah tajuk dan bobot kering akar tertinggi dijumpai pada media tanam topsoil (kontrol) diikuti oleh topsoil + pasir, topsoil + cocopeat, dan topsoil + serbuk gergaji....
The of a weed of immature oil palm on peat area is generally dominated by ferns as Stenochlaena p... more The of a weed of immature oil palm on peat area is generally dominated by ferns as Stenochlaena palustris and Biserrata nephrolepis . Herbicide used to control ferns on peat is such limited. This research aimed to evaluate the bioefficacy of saflufenacil alone and combination with other herbicide ( glifosat, glufosinat, paraquat, metsulfuron methyl ) on peat land. This research is used randomized complete block design non factorial with there were 10 different herbicide treatment including paraquat (1500 g a.i.ha -1 ), glufosinat (3500 g a.i.ha -1 ), glifosat ( 1500 g a.i.ha -1 ), saflufenacil (75 g a.i.ha -1 ), saflufenacil (60 g a.i.ha -1 ) + paraquat (1500 g a.i.ha -1 ), saflufenacil (75 g a.i.ha -1 ) + glifosat (1500 g a.i.ha -1 ), saflufenacil (75 g a.i.ha -1 ) + glufosinat (1500 g a.i.ha -1 ), saflufenacil (75 g a.i.ha -1 ) + metil metsufuron (75 g a.i.ha -1 ), saflufenacil (75 g a.i.ha -1 ) + ( paraquat 1500 g a.i.ha -1 ) and without...
Goosegrass ( Eleusine indica ) in rubber plantations in Rambutan Estate, PTPN III has been contro... more Goosegrass ( Eleusine indica ) in rubber plantations in Rambutan Estate, PTPN III has been controlled by using glyphosate continuously for 28 years. It has recently been reported that glyphosate is no longer effective for controlling E.indica in the area. How large the area of glyphosate-resistant goosegrass in the Rambutan Estate and what alternative herbicide as control options can be implemented is never reported. This study aims to determine the distribution of E. indica populations that have evolved to be resistant to glyphosate and the possibility of indaziflam as alternative herbicide to control glyphosate-resistant goosegrass population in the Estate. Seed samples from more than 50 plants in each population which had continuously been exposed to glyphosate for 28 years were collected from 14 different rubber plantation blocks. The fourteen putative glyphosate-resistant goosegrass populations were tested for glyphosate resistance along with sensitive population that was neve...
IOP Conference Series: Earth and Environmental Science, 2021
A biotype of Paraquat resistant goosegrass (Eleusine indica (L.) Gaertn.) has envolved in an oil ... more A biotype of Paraquat resistant goosegrass (Eleusine indica (L.) Gaertn.) has envolved in an oil palm plantation in North Sumatera after been treated with Paraquat herbicide in a long period of time. This study aims to investigate the fitness of Paraquat resistant biotype when growing with susceptible biotype in the absence of herbicide. Seeds of Paraquat resistant biotype of Eleusine indica were collected from an oil palm plantation in Deli Serdang and had been proven to have resistant of Paraquat herbicide whereas the susceptible population from a field near campus of Universitas Sumatera Utara which never been exposed to Paraquat herbicide. Both biotypes were planted with proportions of 100 R: 0 S, 75 R: 25 S, 50 R: 50 S, 25 R: 75 S, and 0 R: 100 S with four replications. The result showed that Paraquat resistant biotypes had stronger fitness that the susceptible biotypes.
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