Rabindranath Ghosh

Renal biopsy plays an indispensable role in the diagnosis and management of patients with lupus nephritis (LN). A number of studies have evaluated the role of a repeat biopsy in case of disease relapse or treatment unresponsiveness. We studied 40 patients with LN with renal biopsies performed at baseline and after six months of therapy. The baseline and protocol biopsies were compared with respect to histological class transformation, crescents, tubular atrophy, interstitial fibrosis and glomerulosclerosis. We also compared serum creatinine, hemoglobin, systemic lupus erythematosus disease activity index (SLEDAI) scores, 24-h urine protein excretion and C3levels as well as activity index (AI) and chronicity index (CI) at baseline and at six months. Comparison of means was made by paired t test, McNemar test and marginal homogeneity test (multinomial data). Histological class transformation was seen in 10 patients (25%). Intra-class progression to greater chronicity was seen in 10 ot...

C21H23N2O2+.Cl-.1.5H2O, Mr = 397.90, monoclinic, P2(1), a = 7.617 (1), b = 32.463 (2), c = 7.849 (1) A, beta = 90.40 (2) degrees, V = 1940.8 (4) A3 Z = 4, Dm = 1.39, Dx = 1.36 g cm-3, lambda (Cu K alpha) = 1.5418 A, mu = 19.724 cm-1, F(000) = 844, final R = 0.047 for 3368 observed reflections. Strychnine hydrochloride is a naturally occurring alkaloid in its protonated form. One of the N atoms accepts the proton from hydrochloric acid changing its hybridization to sp3. The indole N atom is sp2 hybridized with its lone-pair electron involved in conjugation with the carbonyl group. The hydrogen bonds form a complex zigzag network which stabilizes the structure.

ABSTRACT The paper presents the model of an automatic speaker identification system which will recognize users based on their voice. The system will be relatively independent of spoken words but will rely on the voice quality of a user i.e. use speech independent voice recognition. The basic approach was to create a front end system which will identify speech parameters of particular users and create speech feature vectors which will later be used to train a back-propagation neural network for the recognition phase. Mel-frequency cepstrum coefficients and linear predictive coding coefficients have been used, along with Pitch and Formants, for feature extraction. The main area of focus of the paper is to outline the optimum set of speech features which form the most reliable model for an automatic speaker identification system.

ABSTRACT The ternary-with-silent-symbol TSS energy-efficient data communication technique was earlier proposed in Ghosh et al. 2008 which coupled ternary encoding of data stream with the use of silent periods for transmitting the ternary digits. The performance analysis of TSS using bit-error rate BER, however, is inadequate to capture the transitive error-propagation in the transmitted binary data stream. In this paper, we use the concept of frame-error rate FER to successfully capture the effects of the error-propagation and the message length reduction. Our FER-based analysis shows 23% average saving in transmitter energy compared to the non-coherent BFSK for AWGN channels, rather than 20% saving as in BER-based analysis. For coherent detection-based receiver we show that the average transmitter energy savings are about 30% and 17% relative to the non-coherent and coherent BFSK respectively. Simultaneously, there is energy saving of about 37% in the receiver relative to BFSK, which makes TSS a very suitable scheme for multihop communication in wireless sensor networks.

Reformer furnace heater tubes made of cast austenitic alloy steels serve in the temperature range of 1073–1173K and pressure around 3–4MPa. Though the design life is about 100,000 h (∼ 11.4 years), premature failures within 3–8years are more common, mainly ...

In this paper, we address the problem of channel sensing, channel allocation and transmission of multimedia sig- nals in a cognitive radio network, while maintaining the required quality of service (QoS) constraints. Depending on the type of signal and QoS requirements, different types of multimedia signals need different bandwidths for communication. In typical wireless systems, unless a contiguous frequency band in the spectrum with width at least equal to the required bandwidth is obtained, multimedia communication can not occur with the desired QoS. We propose here a novel technique based on sample division multiplexing (SDM) to overcome this issue. Our proposed approach is based on utilizing several frequency bands, each of smaller width than the required bandwidth but whose sum total equals at least the required bandwidth. Towards this end, we present algorithms for channel reservation, channel sensing and allocation along with protocols for transmission and reception. Our approach also ensures preemption of secondary users by the primary users as typically demanded in a cognitive radio based communication environment. Index Terms—Cognitive radio network, multimedia commu- nication, sample division multiplexing, channel sensing, channel allocation.

... Koushik Sinha Honeywell Tech. Solutions Bangalore, India sinha kou@yahoo.com Debasish Datta Dept. of EECE IIT Kharagpur, India ddatta@ece.iitkgp.ernet.in Bhabani P. Sinha ACM Unit, Indian Statistical Institute, Kolkata, India bhabani@isical.ac.in ...