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Electric vehicles contribute a major role in building an eco-friendly environment. Li-ion batteries are most widely used in electric vehicles. It is very important to maintain the operation of Li-ion batteries within their “safety... more
Electric vehicles contribute a major role in building an eco-friendly environment. Li-ion batteries are most widely used in electric vehicles. It is very important to maintain the operation of Li-ion batteries within their “safety operation area (SOA)”. Hence implementing a battery management system (BMS) becomes a necessity while using Li-ion batteries. This paper proposes an intelligent BMS for electric vehicles using proportional integral derivative (PID) control action along with artificial neural network (ANN). It prefers the improved pulse charging technique. The design consists of a battery pack containing four 12 V Li-ion batteries, MOSFETs, Arduino Uno, a transformer, a temperature sensor, a liquid-crystal displays (LCD), a cooling fan, and four relay circuit are used. Arduino Uno is used as a master controller for controlling the whole operation. Using this design approximately 38 minutes are required to fully charge the battery. Implementation results validate the system ...
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Sinusoidal pulse width modulation (SPWM) is a method to generate the switching gate pulse of the converter. Overmodulation is a method where the modulation index exceeds the unity value and the system goes into the nonlinear region. To... more
Sinusoidal pulse width modulation (SPWM) is a method to generate the switching gate pulse of the converter. Overmodulation is a method where the modulation index exceeds the unity value and the system goes into the nonlinear region. To maintain the system in a linear region when operating in the overmodulation region, some techniques are developed. These techniques helped to operate the system in the linear range. Medium and high-power energy conversion systems mostly use a modular multilevel cascaded converter (MMCC), which has been an issue improving significantly in recent years. In this article, MMCC-based overmodulation techniques are compared with conventional PWM and analyzed on DC bus utilization (DBU), and total harmonic distortion (THD). MATLAB/Simulink digital platform used demonstrate overmodulation technique.
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Nowadays power crises in different countries are observed and the main cause of the power crisis is the huge gap between the supply and demand of electricity, renewable energy sources are identified as an alternative to overcome the power... more
Nowadays power crises in different countries are observed and the main cause of the power crisis is the huge gap between the supply and demand of electricity, renewable energy sources are identified as an alternative to overcome the power crisis gap. Renewable wind energy is the most promising energy source. Increasing the integration of wind energy into the grid causes the exploitation of power quality. Hence there is a need to deal with this issue. In this case, supercapacitors and custom power devices are introduced as smart energy storage devices in grid-connected wind energy systems for power quality enhancement features. The indirect current control scheme has interfered with custom power devices based on DSTATCOM. The optimal MATLAB-based smart energy storage model and hardware results are compared and validated. power quality improvement feature of grid-connected wind energy system using DSTATCOM is highlighted. The main aim of this study is to determine and interface the op...
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This paper focuses on Performance evaluation of conventional inverters driven PMSM drive using microcontroller. The purpose of this paper is to decrease the ripples in torque of Micro controllers based PMSM drive. The innovative method... more
This paper focuses on Performance evaluation of conventional inverters driven PMSM drive using microcontroller. The purpose of this paper is to decrease the ripples in torque of Micro controllers based PMSM drive. The innovative method consists of conventional inverters, switched-mode power supply (SMPS), PMSM motor and Microcontroller. It is used to maximize fundamental component of torque also. The both the results of the suggested Micro controller are compared on the basis of torque and speed and it proves that reduces the torque ripple and improve the dynamic response of the system in comparative analysis. This paper organized introduction, mathematical model of the PMSM, proposed Microcontroller technique, hardware and simulation results and conclusion in different sections.
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This paper described a novel pulse width modulation (PWM) technique in reduced switch count multilevel inverter (MLI) for renewable power applications. Therefore, the proposed technique finds a better solution in the multilevel inverters... more
This paper described a novel pulse width modulation (PWM) technique in reduced switch count multilevel inverter (MLI) for renewable power applications. Therefore, the proposed technique finds a better solution in the multilevel inverters used for improving power quality, efficiency and reduction of switching and conduction losses. It produces a smoother sinusoidal output waveform with reduced total harmonic distortion (THD) using different modulation technique. The novel PWM technique consists of nearest level control (NLC) and level shift pulse width modulation (LSPWM). Normally semiconducting devices are added for increasing number of levels. It affects the power quality and efficiency due to losses. In this work, MLI topology with reduced number of switches count for NLC and LSPWM is presented. The single-phase and three-phase inverter configuration is used in proposed mythology. Detailed simulation results for 7-level inverter of single and three-phase inverters are presented in...
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Energy-efficient operation is a challenge for wireless sensor networks (WSNs). A common method employed for this purpose is duty-cycled operation, which extends battery lifetime yet incurs several types of energy wastes and challenges. A... more
Energy-efficient operation is a challenge for wireless sensor networks (WSNs). A common method employed for this purpose is duty-cycled operation, which extends battery lifetime yet incurs several types of energy wastes and challenges. A promising alternative to duty-cycled operation is the use of wake-up radio (WuR), where the main microcontroller unit (MCU) and transceiver, that is, the two most energy-consuming elements, are kept in energy-saving mode until a special signal from another node is received by an attached, secondary, ultra-low power receiver. Next, this so-called wake-up receiver generates an interrupt to activate the receiver node's MCU and, consequently, the main radio. This article presents a complete wake-up radio design that targets simplicity in design for the monetary cost and flexibility concerns, along with a good operation range and very low power consumption. Both the transmitter (WuTx) and the receiver (WuRx) designs are presented with the accompanyin...
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This paper focus on the simulation and hardware analysis of a diode clamped multilevel inverter (DCMLI) fed direct torque control (DTC) permanent magnet synchronous motor (PMSM) drive in electric vehicle (EV) application. DTC-PMSM drive... more
This paper focus on the simulation and hardware analysis of a diode clamped multilevel inverter (DCMLI) fed direct torque control (DTC) permanent magnet synchronous motor (PMSM) drive in electric vehicle (EV) application. DTC-PMSM drive is more used for torque and speed control. The existing DTC PMSM drive consists of torque and flux hysteresis comparators and suffers from variable switching frequency and torque ripples. These problems can be solved by using carrier-based space vector modulation (CBSVM) about torque and flux. In this proposed approach a DCMLI fed 4 poles, 0.5 HP DTC PMSM drive system is designed and simulated using carrier-based CBSVM. Simulation and experimental implementation are carried out in MATLAB environment and AVR Microcontroller respectively. The simulated performances are studied in steady-state and transient conditions for varying load, speed, and torque. The results of the DTC-PMSM drive system using CBSVM show that the proposed method can effectively r...
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DSTATCOM (Distribution Static Compensator) is Used for Mitigation of Power Quality Problems under unbalance caused by various loads and faults in distribution system. This paper addresses the modelling and analysis of custom power... more
DSTATCOM (Distribution Static Compensator) is Used for Mitigation of Power Quality Problems under unbalance caused by various loads and faults in distribution system. This paper addresses the modelling and analysis of custom power controllers, power electronic-based equipment aimed at enhancing the reliability and quality of power flows in low voltage distribution networks using DSTATCOM. A new PWM- based control scheme has been proposed that only requires voltage measurements the operation of the proposed control method is presented for D-STATCOM. Simulations and analysis are carried out in MATLAB/SIMULINK with this control method for two proposed systems. In recent years, the custom power technology, the low voltage counterpart of the more widely known flexible ac transmission system (FACTS) technology, aimed at high voltage power transmission applications, has emerged as a credible solution to solve many of the problems relating to continuity of supply at the end-user level. Both...
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This paper deal with comparative evaluation of control techniques of Permanent magnet synchronous motor (PMSM) drive in automotive application is investigated. The FOC, DTC and proposed SVM-DTC with LC-Snubber circuit are presented. In... more
This paper deal with comparative evaluation of control techniques of Permanent magnet synchronous motor (PMSM) drive in automotive application is investigated. The FOC, DTC and proposed SVM-DTC with LC-Snubber circuit are presented. In SVM-DTC, this reduces low torque ripple by using space vector modulated. The parameters of FOC, DTC and proposed SVM-DTC with LC-Snubber method are studied by simulation. The simulation analysis of control method is investigated in terms of speed, current and torque ripples It was observed that the proposed method upgrade the performance of PMSM drive in respect to speed, current ripples, and torque responses
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To acquire high enactment, Direct Torque Control (DTC) is a technique used in AC drive systems. In this paper, based on the hysteresis controller, a very simple improved DTC scheme is proposed for induction motor drive. Owing to its... more
To acquire high enactment, Direct Torque Control (DTC) is a technique used in AC drive systems. In this paper, based on the hysteresis controller, a very simple improved DTC scheme is proposed for induction motor drive. Owing to its simple assembly & effective enactment, DTC is used for AC as well as DC drive as compared to other controlling schemes. the paper approaches mitigation of the ripples in torque by varying the predictable 3-level torque-hysteresis controller used in DTC. The expansion of distinctive switching approach has been generated for chosen voltage-vector. Based on ripple content simulation results carried out in MATLAB/SIMULINK for torque-hysteresis controller to minimize the ripples.
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A highly popular alternative in medium voltage and high-power applications is multilevel converters because of their superior performance over conventional two-level converters. The most commonly used control methods in the case of... more
A highly popular alternative in medium voltage and high-power applications is multilevel converters because of their superior performance over conventional two-level converters. The most commonly used control methods in the case of multilevel inverters are sine pulse width modulation (SPWM) and space vector pulse width modulation (SVPWM) methods. Among these two control strategies, SVPWM has superior performance over SPWM in terms of DC bus voltage utilization along with a reduction in total harmonic distortion (THD) of line voltages. The classical SVPWM method has various drawbacks such as computational complexity for identifying the location of reference voltage vector, sector identification, region identification, memory requirement to store lookup tables for switching vectors. The novel simplified SVPWM technique is presented for cascaded H-Bridge multilevel inverter (CHBMLI) in this paper. This simplified SVPWM method has overcome the drawbacks of the classical SVPWM method. Th...
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Permanent Magnet Synchronous Motor (PMSM's) are used in many applications that require rapid torque response and high–performance operation. New developed materials such as magnetic materials, conducting materials and insulating... more
Permanent Magnet Synchronous Motor (PMSM's) are used in many applications that require rapid torque response and high–performance operation. New developed materials such as magnetic materials, conducting materials and insulating materials as ...