Case series of four patients with CNVM secondary to PIC treated solely with anti VEGF in three ca... more Case series of four patients with CNVM secondary to PIC treated solely with anti VEGF in three cases and in combination with PDT in the other. This series reveals long term follow up (3 months to 28 months) which is currently not described in the literature.
To compare choroidal thickness in patients with regressed retinopathy of prematurity (ROP) with h... more To compare choroidal thickness in patients with regressed retinopathy of prematurity (ROP) with healthy controls using enhanced depth imaging optical coherence tomography (EDI OCT) METHODS: Twenty-four children and young adults (41 eyes) with regressed ROP≥stage 3 had undergone EDI OCT with Spectralis FD-OCT as part of their clinical record. Their refraction, best-corrected visual acuity, and ophthalmoscopic findings were recorded. Corresponding data was collected prospectively from 33 healthy controls (58 eyes) who had been born at term. Choroidal thickness was measured independently by two observers subfoveally and at 1500 μm nasal and temporal to the fovea using EDI OCT. Mean subfoveal choroidal thickness, adjusted for refraction, was 271.1 μm (95% CI, 247.8-294.5) in the ex-ROP group, which was significantly thinner than 327.4 μm (95% CI, 293.8-360.9) in controls (P=0.008). Similarly, mean adjusted temporal choroidal thickness was 257.2 μm (95% CI, 240.2-274.2) in ex-ROP's v...
Case series of four patients with CNVM secondary to PIC treated solely with anti VEGF in three ca... more Case series of four patients with CNVM secondary to PIC treated solely with anti VEGF in three cases and in combination with PDT in the other. This series reveals long term follow up (3 months to 28 months) which is currently not described in the literature.
Current treatments are unsatisfactory for improving apraxia of eyelid opening, defined as a delay... more Current treatments are unsatisfactory for improving apraxia of eyelid opening, defined as a delay or inability to open closed eyelids voluntarily in the presence of intact motor pathways. Improvement in functional health was assessed using the Blepharospasm Disability Scale (BDS) in five consecutive patients with apraxia of eyelid opening treated with wire loops affixed behind ordinary spectacles (Lundie loops) and modified to provide pressure on the brow as a stimulus to keep the eyelids elevated. All five patients showed improvement in BDS scores. The mean percentage of normal activity of the study population improved from 25% to 37.6%. Outdoor activities were not significantly altered with the use of the device. Modified Lundie loops appear to be helpful in improving the functional health of patients with eyelid apraxia. These results will need to be verified in larger trials.
ABSTRACT In the past decade there have been many changes in the field of vitreoretinal surgery. T... more ABSTRACT In the past decade there have been many changes in the field of vitreoretinal surgery. Transconjunctival sutureless systems have revolutionized some of the approaches to pars plana vitrectomy as the introduction of smallgauge trocar cannula systems allows entry into the vitreous cavity without dissecting conjunctiva and requires no suture to close routinely at the end of surgery. Smaller ports and sutureless surgery have a number of benefits for the patient and surgeon and hence have been widely adopted. However, there are some concerns that smaller gauge or sutureless vitrectomy surgery could increase the risk of endophthalmitis – a devastating infectious complication of intraocular surgery. The aim of this review is to present the changes that have occurred in vitreoretinal surgery in recent years and to summarize the evidence relating to endophthalmitis following vitrectomy.
This is the first nationwide prospective study to investigate the incidence and risk factors of e... more This is the first nationwide prospective study to investigate the incidence and risk factors of endophthalmitis following pars plana vitrectomy (PPV). This was a prospective, nationwide case-control study. Cases of presumed infectious endophthalmitis within 6 weeks of PPV were reported via the established British Ophthalmological Surveillance Unit. The surveillance period was 2 years. Controls (patients who had PPV but no endophthalmitis) were recruited from nine randomly selected UK centres. 37 reports were received and 28 cases met the diagnostic criteria for presumed infectious endophthalmitis following PPV. The incidence of endophthalmitis following PPV was 28 cases per 48 433 PPVs (1 in 1730 with a 95% CI of 1 in 1263 to 1 in 2747). 272 controls were randomly recruited from nine UK centres. Smaller gauge port sizes were not found to be a risk. Immunosuppression (OR 19.0, p=0.001) and preoperative topical steroids (OR 131.4, p<0.001) increased the endophthalmitis risk. Operating for retinal detachment was associated with a reduced risk of endophthalmitis (OR 0.10, p=0.005). Endophthalmitis following PPV is rare. Operating with smaller gauge port sizes does not increase the risk of endophthalmitis.
Case series of four patients with CNVM secondary to PIC treated solely with anti VEGF in three ca... more Case series of four patients with CNVM secondary to PIC treated solely with anti VEGF in three cases and in combination with PDT in the other. This series reveals long term follow up (3 months to 28 months) which is currently not described in the literature.
To compare choroidal thickness in patients with regressed retinopathy of prematurity (ROP) with h... more To compare choroidal thickness in patients with regressed retinopathy of prematurity (ROP) with healthy controls using enhanced depth imaging optical coherence tomography (EDI OCT) METHODS: Twenty-four children and young adults (41 eyes) with regressed ROP≥stage 3 had undergone EDI OCT with Spectralis FD-OCT as part of their clinical record. Their refraction, best-corrected visual acuity, and ophthalmoscopic findings were recorded. Corresponding data was collected prospectively from 33 healthy controls (58 eyes) who had been born at term. Choroidal thickness was measured independently by two observers subfoveally and at 1500 μm nasal and temporal to the fovea using EDI OCT. Mean subfoveal choroidal thickness, adjusted for refraction, was 271.1 μm (95% CI, 247.8-294.5) in the ex-ROP group, which was significantly thinner than 327.4 μm (95% CI, 293.8-360.9) in controls (P=0.008). Similarly, mean adjusted temporal choroidal thickness was 257.2 μm (95% CI, 240.2-274.2) in ex-ROP's v...
Case series of four patients with CNVM secondary to PIC treated solely with anti VEGF in three ca... more Case series of four patients with CNVM secondary to PIC treated solely with anti VEGF in three cases and in combination with PDT in the other. This series reveals long term follow up (3 months to 28 months) which is currently not described in the literature.
Current treatments are unsatisfactory for improving apraxia of eyelid opening, defined as a delay... more Current treatments are unsatisfactory for improving apraxia of eyelid opening, defined as a delay or inability to open closed eyelids voluntarily in the presence of intact motor pathways. Improvement in functional health was assessed using the Blepharospasm Disability Scale (BDS) in five consecutive patients with apraxia of eyelid opening treated with wire loops affixed behind ordinary spectacles (Lundie loops) and modified to provide pressure on the brow as a stimulus to keep the eyelids elevated. All five patients showed improvement in BDS scores. The mean percentage of normal activity of the study population improved from 25% to 37.6%. Outdoor activities were not significantly altered with the use of the device. Modified Lundie loops appear to be helpful in improving the functional health of patients with eyelid apraxia. These results will need to be verified in larger trials.
ABSTRACT In the past decade there have been many changes in the field of vitreoretinal surgery. T... more ABSTRACT In the past decade there have been many changes in the field of vitreoretinal surgery. Transconjunctival sutureless systems have revolutionized some of the approaches to pars plana vitrectomy as the introduction of smallgauge trocar cannula systems allows entry into the vitreous cavity without dissecting conjunctiva and requires no suture to close routinely at the end of surgery. Smaller ports and sutureless surgery have a number of benefits for the patient and surgeon and hence have been widely adopted. However, there are some concerns that smaller gauge or sutureless vitrectomy surgery could increase the risk of endophthalmitis – a devastating infectious complication of intraocular surgery. The aim of this review is to present the changes that have occurred in vitreoretinal surgery in recent years and to summarize the evidence relating to endophthalmitis following vitrectomy.
This is the first nationwide prospective study to investigate the incidence and risk factors of e... more This is the first nationwide prospective study to investigate the incidence and risk factors of endophthalmitis following pars plana vitrectomy (PPV). This was a prospective, nationwide case-control study. Cases of presumed infectious endophthalmitis within 6 weeks of PPV were reported via the established British Ophthalmological Surveillance Unit. The surveillance period was 2 years. Controls (patients who had PPV but no endophthalmitis) were recruited from nine randomly selected UK centres. 37 reports were received and 28 cases met the diagnostic criteria for presumed infectious endophthalmitis following PPV. The incidence of endophthalmitis following PPV was 28 cases per 48 433 PPVs (1 in 1730 with a 95% CI of 1 in 1263 to 1 in 2747). 272 controls were randomly recruited from nine UK centres. Smaller gauge port sizes were not found to be a risk. Immunosuppression (OR 19.0, p=0.001) and preoperative topical steroids (OR 131.4, p<0.001) increased the endophthalmitis risk. Operating for retinal detachment was associated with a reduced risk of endophthalmitis (OR 0.10, p=0.005). Endophthalmitis following PPV is rare. Operating with smaller gauge port sizes does not increase the risk of endophthalmitis.
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