XIII International Symposium on Apricot Breeding and Culture, 2006
ABSTRACT The knowledge of crop response to irrigation is essential in order to manage water resou... more ABSTRACT The knowledge of crop response to irrigation is essential in order to manage water resources, especially in areas where water supply is limited, as in the region of Murcia. Under these conditions, better uniformity of water application, by using improved systems such as drip irrigation, together with an irrigation scheduling coupled with the plant physiology, can help to optimise water use. Also, a good knowledge of the critical periods in which water stress can considerably reduce yield and/or fruit quality is required. For that, it is important to define precisely the phenological plant processes. This experiment was conducted in a mature apricot tree orchard (Prunus armeniaca L. 'Búlida', on Real Fino apricot rootstock), with trees spaced at 8 x 8 m and grown under drip-irrigation conditions, in a loamy-textured soil with a Mediterranean climate. Irrigation scheduling was based on crop coefficients and reference crop evapotranspiration, as determined from data of a class A evaporation pan. The predominant dates of fruit stages are described, according to the BBCH General Scale, using a scale in days from full bloom, as the number of accumulated growing degree hours (GDH). The annual pattern of vegetative and fruit growth is described. A clear distinction could be made between the main periods of shoot and fruit growth in apricot trees, which may be considered an advantageous characteristic for the application of deficit irrigation. The study will improve apricot culture by expressing the timing of most agricultural operations on a standardised scale.
II International Symposium on Citrus Biotechnology, 2011
... I: water relations, leaf gas exchange and vegetative growth. Irrigation Sci. 26:415-425. Pére... more ... I: water relations, leaf gas exchange and vegetative growth. Irrigation Sci. 26:415-425. Pérez-Pérez, JG, Robles, JM and Botía, P. 2009. Influence of deficit irrigation in phase III of fruit growth on fruit quality in `lane late' sweet orange. Agri. Water Mgt. 96: 969-974. ...
ABSTRACT A three-year experiment on early nectarine (Prunus persica L. Batsch cv. Flanoba) trees ... more ABSTRACT A three-year experiment on early nectarine (Prunus persica L. Batsch cv. Flanoba) trees was carried out with the aim of increasing water use efficiency through applying a sustained irrigation treatment, in a commercial orchard in southern Spain. Experiments compared irrigation scheduling using conventional micrometeorology (110% of crop evapotranspiration, ETc) as a control treatment (TCTL), a treatment based on the normal practice of the farmer (TFARMER) and a regulated deficit irrigation treatment (TRDI), which involved irrigating the crop at the same level as the control (TCTL) during the critical periods of the first year (second rapid fruit growth period and 2 months after harvest) and at 60% TCTL during postharvest. In the last two years (2010 and 2011), the irrigation was scheduled to maintain the signal intensity (SI) of the maximum daily shrinkage of the trunk (MDS, SI = MDSTRDI/MDSTCTL) at different water stress levels depending on the phenological stage SI = 1.0 (non-water stress) and SI = 1.4 (moderate water stress). Most of the time that irrigation scheduling was based on MDS SI, this parameter varied only slightly around the pre-established threshold values. The information given by the stem diameter sensors and stem water potential (Ψstem) gave −1.5 MPa and MDS SI 1.5 as threshold values not to be exceeded during postharvest, since MDS and Ψstem SI values were only linear down to 1.5. The water saved amounted to 17, 15 and 37% of the amount used in the control in the three seasons, respectively. In contrast, the TFARMER treatment applied more water (about 20 and 5% more than TCTL) during the first 2 years, and 10% less than TCTL during the third season.
ABSTRACT 18-year-old mandarin plants cv Fortune weresubjected to a drought cycle during the fast ... more ABSTRACT 18-year-old mandarin plants cv Fortune weresubjected to a drought cycle during the fast fruit growth phaseuntil reaching a stem water potential (¿stem) of -2,5 MPa atnoon. Irrigation water was characterized by a CE of 25ºC andCl- -1content ranging between 3,97-4,39 dS.m and 14-25 meq.L-1,respectively, and a pH of about 8,4. The sensibility to waterloss or gain in leaves, fruits and stems was showed throughdifferent specific rates and ¿stem was the indicator wheredifferences were first detected in favour of well-watered plants.A good correlation was found between fruit water potential(¿fruit), bark actual osmotic potential (¿ORbark) and barkpressure potential (¿Pbark). Favourable conditions of watersupply and transpiration propitiated greater Cl-+ and Nacontents in leaves, bark and juice, since vesicles wereconsidered a poor drain of inorganic solutes and scarce massflow. The major Cl- contained in leaves, bark and juice withregard to Na+ are due to the retention of the latter one in thewoody part of roots and stem. Yield and crop quality were notnegatively affected by irrigation suppression in this stage.
Journal of the science of food and agriculture, Jan 4, 2014
In table grapes, berry firmness influences consumer acceptance so it is important to avoid berry ... more In table grapes, berry firmness influences consumer acceptance so it is important to avoid berry shattering and dehydration during their post-harvest life. Since studies of irrigation effects on table grape quality are comparatively rare, sensory evaluation aimed to identify high-quality berries obtained under different deficit irrigation treatments. A 3-year study examined the effects of deficit irrigation strategies on some physical quality attributes at harvest, after 28 days of cold storage at 0 °C and after an additional shelf-life period of 3 days at 15 °C. Control vines were irrigated to ensure non-limiting water conditions (110% of crop evapo-transpiration), while both regulated deficit irrigation treatment (RDI) and partial root-zone drying (PRD) treatments applied 35% less water post-veraison. The null irrigation treatment (NI) only received natural precipitation (72% less water than control vines). Total yield and physical quality at harvest were not significantly affecte...
This paper present a study focused on hot forward extrusion by upper bound method. In particular,... more This paper present a study focused on hot forward extrusion by upper bound method. In particular, hot forward extrusion of plates through square face dies under plane strain conditions. Slater defines the models used for large fractional reduction. Different models have been taken in account; they are dissimilar in relation to the dead metal zone (if covers or not the entire die face, partially or totally). Triangular rigid patterns of velocity discontinuities have been validated by analytical methods and a range of use for the selected configurations has been established. This methodology has been applied to other process with good results. Thus, the mechanical parameters analysed are fractional reduction, dead metal zone, length die and friction. Finally the calculation of the energy has been achieved by upper bound method. The results allow researching an optimisation of use of upper bound method in hot forward extrusion.
In an increasing competitive market where offer exceeds demand, developing customer value is nowa... more In an increasing competitive market where offer exceeds demand, developing customer value is nowadays a key driver of industrial activities. Reducing costs, increasing quality, deliver on time and the introduction of the right product quickly are unavoidable elements to succeed. A higher product variety for mass production and short lead-time are main features of mass customization. Flexibility arises as a productive and competitive factor to face it, of particular interest in assembly systems, which allow the postponement of final variety, integrating all former tasks of the supply chain. In this scenario, flexibility helps to face uncertainty in decision-making, while the increase of system complexity requires extra control and management efforts. Both flexibility and complexity are briefly reviewed. Next, it is introduced a joint analysis of flexibility and complexity useful for decision-making. Both are linked to the uncertainty of the possible states of the system and a quantit...
Potted plants of two cultivars of almond (Amygdalus communis L.), Ramillete and Garrigues, growin... more Potted plants of two cultivars of almond (Amygdalus communis L.), Ramillete and Garrigues, growing under field conditions were subjected to drought by withholding irrigation for 28 days. Stressed plants were reirrigated and the recovery was studied for 8 days. Control plants were drip irrigated daily maintaining the soil matric potential at about −30 kPa. Predawn leaf water potential declined progressively
XIII International Symposium on Apricot Breeding and Culture, 2006
ABSTRACT The knowledge of crop response to irrigation is essential in order to manage water resou... more ABSTRACT The knowledge of crop response to irrigation is essential in order to manage water resources, especially in areas where water supply is limited, as in the region of Murcia. Under these conditions, better uniformity of water application, by using improved systems such as drip irrigation, together with an irrigation scheduling coupled with the plant physiology, can help to optimise water use. Also, a good knowledge of the critical periods in which water stress can considerably reduce yield and/or fruit quality is required. For that, it is important to define precisely the phenological plant processes. This experiment was conducted in a mature apricot tree orchard (Prunus armeniaca L. 'Búlida', on Real Fino apricot rootstock), with trees spaced at 8 x 8 m and grown under drip-irrigation conditions, in a loamy-textured soil with a Mediterranean climate. Irrigation scheduling was based on crop coefficients and reference crop evapotranspiration, as determined from data of a class A evaporation pan. The predominant dates of fruit stages are described, according to the BBCH General Scale, using a scale in days from full bloom, as the number of accumulated growing degree hours (GDH). The annual pattern of vegetative and fruit growth is described. A clear distinction could be made between the main periods of shoot and fruit growth in apricot trees, which may be considered an advantageous characteristic for the application of deficit irrigation. The study will improve apricot culture by expressing the timing of most agricultural operations on a standardised scale.
II International Symposium on Citrus Biotechnology, 2011
... I: water relations, leaf gas exchange and vegetative growth. Irrigation Sci. 26:415-425. Pére... more ... I: water relations, leaf gas exchange and vegetative growth. Irrigation Sci. 26:415-425. Pérez-Pérez, JG, Robles, JM and Botía, P. 2009. Influence of deficit irrigation in phase III of fruit growth on fruit quality in `lane late' sweet orange. Agri. Water Mgt. 96: 969-974. ...
ABSTRACT A three-year experiment on early nectarine (Prunus persica L. Batsch cv. Flanoba) trees ... more ABSTRACT A three-year experiment on early nectarine (Prunus persica L. Batsch cv. Flanoba) trees was carried out with the aim of increasing water use efficiency through applying a sustained irrigation treatment, in a commercial orchard in southern Spain. Experiments compared irrigation scheduling using conventional micrometeorology (110% of crop evapotranspiration, ETc) as a control treatment (TCTL), a treatment based on the normal practice of the farmer (TFARMER) and a regulated deficit irrigation treatment (TRDI), which involved irrigating the crop at the same level as the control (TCTL) during the critical periods of the first year (second rapid fruit growth period and 2 months after harvest) and at 60% TCTL during postharvest. In the last two years (2010 and 2011), the irrigation was scheduled to maintain the signal intensity (SI) of the maximum daily shrinkage of the trunk (MDS, SI = MDSTRDI/MDSTCTL) at different water stress levels depending on the phenological stage SI = 1.0 (non-water stress) and SI = 1.4 (moderate water stress). Most of the time that irrigation scheduling was based on MDS SI, this parameter varied only slightly around the pre-established threshold values. The information given by the stem diameter sensors and stem water potential (Ψstem) gave −1.5 MPa and MDS SI 1.5 as threshold values not to be exceeded during postharvest, since MDS and Ψstem SI values were only linear down to 1.5. The water saved amounted to 17, 15 and 37% of the amount used in the control in the three seasons, respectively. In contrast, the TFARMER treatment applied more water (about 20 and 5% more than TCTL) during the first 2 years, and 10% less than TCTL during the third season.
ABSTRACT 18-year-old mandarin plants cv Fortune weresubjected to a drought cycle during the fast ... more ABSTRACT 18-year-old mandarin plants cv Fortune weresubjected to a drought cycle during the fast fruit growth phaseuntil reaching a stem water potential (¿stem) of -2,5 MPa atnoon. Irrigation water was characterized by a CE of 25ºC andCl- -1content ranging between 3,97-4,39 dS.m and 14-25 meq.L-1,respectively, and a pH of about 8,4. The sensibility to waterloss or gain in leaves, fruits and stems was showed throughdifferent specific rates and ¿stem was the indicator wheredifferences were first detected in favour of well-watered plants.A good correlation was found between fruit water potential(¿fruit), bark actual osmotic potential (¿ORbark) and barkpressure potential (¿Pbark). Favourable conditions of watersupply and transpiration propitiated greater Cl-+ and Nacontents in leaves, bark and juice, since vesicles wereconsidered a poor drain of inorganic solutes and scarce massflow. The major Cl- contained in leaves, bark and juice withregard to Na+ are due to the retention of the latter one in thewoody part of roots and stem. Yield and crop quality were notnegatively affected by irrigation suppression in this stage.
Journal of the science of food and agriculture, Jan 4, 2014
In table grapes, berry firmness influences consumer acceptance so it is important to avoid berry ... more In table grapes, berry firmness influences consumer acceptance so it is important to avoid berry shattering and dehydration during their post-harvest life. Since studies of irrigation effects on table grape quality are comparatively rare, sensory evaluation aimed to identify high-quality berries obtained under different deficit irrigation treatments. A 3-year study examined the effects of deficit irrigation strategies on some physical quality attributes at harvest, after 28 days of cold storage at 0 °C and after an additional shelf-life period of 3 days at 15 °C. Control vines were irrigated to ensure non-limiting water conditions (110% of crop evapo-transpiration), while both regulated deficit irrigation treatment (RDI) and partial root-zone drying (PRD) treatments applied 35% less water post-veraison. The null irrigation treatment (NI) only received natural precipitation (72% less water than control vines). Total yield and physical quality at harvest were not significantly affecte...
This paper present a study focused on hot forward extrusion by upper bound method. In particular,... more This paper present a study focused on hot forward extrusion by upper bound method. In particular, hot forward extrusion of plates through square face dies under plane strain conditions. Slater defines the models used for large fractional reduction. Different models have been taken in account; they are dissimilar in relation to the dead metal zone (if covers or not the entire die face, partially or totally). Triangular rigid patterns of velocity discontinuities have been validated by analytical methods and a range of use for the selected configurations has been established. This methodology has been applied to other process with good results. Thus, the mechanical parameters analysed are fractional reduction, dead metal zone, length die and friction. Finally the calculation of the energy has been achieved by upper bound method. The results allow researching an optimisation of use of upper bound method in hot forward extrusion.
In an increasing competitive market where offer exceeds demand, developing customer value is nowa... more In an increasing competitive market where offer exceeds demand, developing customer value is nowadays a key driver of industrial activities. Reducing costs, increasing quality, deliver on time and the introduction of the right product quickly are unavoidable elements to succeed. A higher product variety for mass production and short lead-time are main features of mass customization. Flexibility arises as a productive and competitive factor to face it, of particular interest in assembly systems, which allow the postponement of final variety, integrating all former tasks of the supply chain. In this scenario, flexibility helps to face uncertainty in decision-making, while the increase of system complexity requires extra control and management efforts. Both flexibility and complexity are briefly reviewed. Next, it is introduced a joint analysis of flexibility and complexity useful for decision-making. Both are linked to the uncertainty of the possible states of the system and a quantit...
Potted plants of two cultivars of almond (Amygdalus communis L.), Ramillete and Garrigues, growin... more Potted plants of two cultivars of almond (Amygdalus communis L.), Ramillete and Garrigues, growing under field conditions were subjected to drought by withholding irrigation for 28 days. Stressed plants were reirrigated and the recovery was studied for 8 days. Control plants were drip irrigated daily maintaining the soil matric potential at about −30 kPa. Predawn leaf water potential declined progressively
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Papers by Remo Domingo