Human papilloma virus-induced recurrent laryngeal papillomatosis is considered a troublesome and ... more Human papilloma virus-induced recurrent laryngeal papillomatosis is considered a troublesome and dangerous disease, because it can cause airway obstruction. Better understanding of metabolic pathways followed under pathological conditions can contribute to improved therapies by which growth and recurrence may be obviated. Part I of this study presents a clinically relevant total lipid fatty acid profile for papilloma cells, analyzed by gas liquid chromatography and a phosholipid red blood cell profile for RLP patients, analyzed by thin layer chromatography. In the papilloma cells virus interference with delta-6 and delta 5- desaturase activities is prevalent and the n-9 FA metabolic pathway is followed. It is plausible that up-regulated fatty acid synthase and 9 desaturase activities occur, since enhanced saturated fatty acids and monounsaturated fatty acid levels are also prevalent. High saturated fatty acid levels are known for their propensity to interfere with delta-6 and delta-...
South African medical journal = Suid-Afrikaanse tydskrif vir geneeskunde, 2006
Inadequately controlled allergic rhinitis in asthmatic patients can contribute towards increased ... more Inadequately controlled allergic rhinitis in asthmatic patients can contribute towards increased exacerbation of asthma, poorer medical control and an increased demand on medical resources. If properly diagnosed and treated, a significant improvement in the patient’s wellbeing and quality of life (QOL) is to be expected, with the added bonus of the pharmaco-economic benefits that result when allergies are cured.
Introduction. Although the association between inner ear abnormalities and progressive sensorineu... more Introduction. Although the association between inner ear abnormalities and progressive sensorineural hearing loss is well known, vestibular signs or loss of vestibular function in these patients are often unrecognised by medical practitioners. Case report. We report on two siblings with identical inner ear malformations, with special reference to the vestibular symptoms they displayed, as well as the rapid decline in hearing they both experienced in early childhood. We provide a brief overview of the latest classification of these inner ear defects as well as a review of the literature pertaining to children with inner ear malformations presenting with vestibular symptoms. Conclusion. Gross anatomical defects of the inner ear are present in approximately 20% of cases of congenital hearing loss. These defects may result in a rapidly progressive hearing loss. Any child presenting with vestibular symptoms should be referred for an audiological assessment.
Allergic rhinitis causes nasal as well as extranasal symptoms, and may adversely affect quality o... more Allergic rhinitis causes nasal as well as extranasal symptoms, and may adversely affect quality of life. The aims of this study were to determine the impact of allergic rhinitis on the health-related quality of life of adult patients attending the Ear Nose and Throat clinic at Universitas Academic Hospital, a public referral hospital, in Bloemfontein, South Africa, and to determine the change in the health-related quality of life of patients with allergic rhinitis after one month of treatment. This was a prospective cross-sectional study of adult patients who were newly diagnosed with allergic rhinitis. Patients completed the Mini Rhinoconjunctivitis Quality of Life Questionnaire (MiniRQLQ) at initial presentation and at follow-up after one month of appropriate treatment. Eighty-five (85) patients were included. At the initial visit, patients were most troubled by activity limitations and nasal symptoms, with a blocked nose being the most troublesome nasal symptom. There was a statistically significant improvement in scores of all domains after one month of treatment, with the mean total symptom score improving from 2.05±0.73 to 0.94±0.49. Allergic rhinitis had a negative impact on quality of life of patients. Appropriate treatment resulted in an improvement in quality of life.
Aim: The aim of this study was to compile a profile of patients with laryngeal carcinoma presenti... more Aim: The aim of this study was to compile a profile of patients with laryngeal carcinoma presenting to the ENT clinic at Universitas Hospital, Bloemfontein. Methods: Fifty consecutive patients with laryngeal carcinoma were prospectively interviewed and information regarding their symptoms, social habits and delay in referral was recorded. Staging was performed in the operating theatre. Results: Hoarseness was the most common symptom (98%). Sixty-four percent of patients presented with airway obstruction and 26% had a visible neck mass. The median patient delay was 1.5 months, while the median professional delay was 5 months. The median total delay was 7 months. Glottic and supraglottic tumours were the most common at 36% and 34% respectively. Eighty percent of patients were either stage 3 or 4, while only 20% were classified as early cancers (stage 1 and 2). Conclusion: In this study the majority of patients presented with advanced tumours. Both patients and medical professionals di...
It is an honour for me to present this issue of Current Allergy & Clinical Immunology. Allergic r... more It is an honour for me to present this issue of Current Allergy & Clinical Immunology. Allergic rhinitis is a condition that is often trivialised because of its non-life-threatening nature.
We report the complete genome sequence of human papillomavirus type 18 isolated from a nasopharyn... more We report the complete genome sequence of human papillomavirus type 18 isolated from a nasopharyngeal carcinoma in South Africa.
Human papillomavirus type 31, although detected less frequently than HPV types 16 and 18, is asso... more Human papillomavirus type 31, although detected less frequently than HPV types 16 and 18, is associated with head and neck squamous cell carcinomas. Previous studies suggest that polymorphisms in the long control region (LCR) may alter the oncogenic potential of the virus. This study reports the first complete genome of a South African HPV31 isolate from a laryngeal squamous cell carcinoma. Sequence variations relative to the HPV31 prototype sequence were identified. The pBlue-Topo® vector, a reporter gene system was used to investigate the possible influence of these variations on the LCR promoter activity in vitro. Using mutagenesis to create two different fragments, β-galactosidase assays were used to monitor the effect of nucleotide variations on the p97 promoter. Increased β-galactosidase expression was observed in mutants when compared to the South African HPV31 LCR isolate. Enhanced transcriptional activity was observed with the mutant that possessed a single nucleotide chang...
Human papilloma virus-induced recurrent laryngeal papillomatosis is considered a troublesome and ... more Human papilloma virus-induced recurrent laryngeal papillomatosis is considered a troublesome and dangerous disease, because it can cause airway obstruction. Better understanding of metabolic pathways followed under pathological conditions can contribute to improved therapies by which growth and recurrence may be obviated. Part I of this study presents a clinically relevant total lipid fatty acid profile for papilloma cells, analyzed by gas liquid chromatography and a phosholipid red blood cell profile for RLP patients, analyzed by thin layer chromatography. In the papilloma cells virus interference with delta-6 and delta 5- desaturase activities is prevalent and the n-9 FA metabolic pathway is followed. It is plausible that up-regulated fatty acid synthase and 9 desaturase activities occur, since enhanced saturated fatty acids and monounsaturated fatty acid levels are also prevalent. High saturated fatty acid levels are known for their propensity to interfere with delta-6 and delta-...
South African medical journal = Suid-Afrikaanse tydskrif vir geneeskunde, 2006
Inadequately controlled allergic rhinitis in asthmatic patients can contribute towards increased ... more Inadequately controlled allergic rhinitis in asthmatic patients can contribute towards increased exacerbation of asthma, poorer medical control and an increased demand on medical resources. If properly diagnosed and treated, a significant improvement in the patient’s wellbeing and quality of life (QOL) is to be expected, with the added bonus of the pharmaco-economic benefits that result when allergies are cured.
Introduction. Although the association between inner ear abnormalities and progressive sensorineu... more Introduction. Although the association between inner ear abnormalities and progressive sensorineural hearing loss is well known, vestibular signs or loss of vestibular function in these patients are often unrecognised by medical practitioners. Case report. We report on two siblings with identical inner ear malformations, with special reference to the vestibular symptoms they displayed, as well as the rapid decline in hearing they both experienced in early childhood. We provide a brief overview of the latest classification of these inner ear defects as well as a review of the literature pertaining to children with inner ear malformations presenting with vestibular symptoms. Conclusion. Gross anatomical defects of the inner ear are present in approximately 20% of cases of congenital hearing loss. These defects may result in a rapidly progressive hearing loss. Any child presenting with vestibular symptoms should be referred for an audiological assessment.
Allergic rhinitis causes nasal as well as extranasal symptoms, and may adversely affect quality o... more Allergic rhinitis causes nasal as well as extranasal symptoms, and may adversely affect quality of life. The aims of this study were to determine the impact of allergic rhinitis on the health-related quality of life of adult patients attending the Ear Nose and Throat clinic at Universitas Academic Hospital, a public referral hospital, in Bloemfontein, South Africa, and to determine the change in the health-related quality of life of patients with allergic rhinitis after one month of treatment. This was a prospective cross-sectional study of adult patients who were newly diagnosed with allergic rhinitis. Patients completed the Mini Rhinoconjunctivitis Quality of Life Questionnaire (MiniRQLQ) at initial presentation and at follow-up after one month of appropriate treatment. Eighty-five (85) patients were included. At the initial visit, patients were most troubled by activity limitations and nasal symptoms, with a blocked nose being the most troublesome nasal symptom. There was a statistically significant improvement in scores of all domains after one month of treatment, with the mean total symptom score improving from 2.05±0.73 to 0.94±0.49. Allergic rhinitis had a negative impact on quality of life of patients. Appropriate treatment resulted in an improvement in quality of life.
Aim: The aim of this study was to compile a profile of patients with laryngeal carcinoma presenti... more Aim: The aim of this study was to compile a profile of patients with laryngeal carcinoma presenting to the ENT clinic at Universitas Hospital, Bloemfontein. Methods: Fifty consecutive patients with laryngeal carcinoma were prospectively interviewed and information regarding their symptoms, social habits and delay in referral was recorded. Staging was performed in the operating theatre. Results: Hoarseness was the most common symptom (98%). Sixty-four percent of patients presented with airway obstruction and 26% had a visible neck mass. The median patient delay was 1.5 months, while the median professional delay was 5 months. The median total delay was 7 months. Glottic and supraglottic tumours were the most common at 36% and 34% respectively. Eighty percent of patients were either stage 3 or 4, while only 20% were classified as early cancers (stage 1 and 2). Conclusion: In this study the majority of patients presented with advanced tumours. Both patients and medical professionals di...
It is an honour for me to present this issue of Current Allergy & Clinical Immunology. Allergic r... more It is an honour for me to present this issue of Current Allergy & Clinical Immunology. Allergic rhinitis is a condition that is often trivialised because of its non-life-threatening nature.
We report the complete genome sequence of human papillomavirus type 18 isolated from a nasopharyn... more We report the complete genome sequence of human papillomavirus type 18 isolated from a nasopharyngeal carcinoma in South Africa.
Human papillomavirus type 31, although detected less frequently than HPV types 16 and 18, is asso... more Human papillomavirus type 31, although detected less frequently than HPV types 16 and 18, is associated with head and neck squamous cell carcinomas. Previous studies suggest that polymorphisms in the long control region (LCR) may alter the oncogenic potential of the virus. This study reports the first complete genome of a South African HPV31 isolate from a laryngeal squamous cell carcinoma. Sequence variations relative to the HPV31 prototype sequence were identified. The pBlue-Topo® vector, a reporter gene system was used to investigate the possible influence of these variations on the LCR promoter activity in vitro. Using mutagenesis to create two different fragments, β-galactosidase assays were used to monitor the effect of nucleotide variations on the p97 promoter. Increased β-galactosidase expression was observed in mutants when compared to the South African HPV31 LCR isolate. Enhanced transcriptional activity was observed with the mutant that possessed a single nucleotide chang...
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