PREFACE: ‘CITY IN CONFLICT’ – MILITARY ANTHROPOLOGY PERSPECTIVE 2023, 2023
In 2021, a study towards a new research direction in Military Anthropology was proposed in the sp... more In 2021, a study towards a new research direction in Military Anthropology was proposed in the special issue of ‘Wiedza Obronna’.1 That research was initiated by Polish Military Anthropologists supported by academic colleagues from Azerbaijan, Iraq, New Zealand, South Africa, and Serbia, who presented the field results and theoretical research in the special issue of ‘Wiedza Obronna’. The cooperation has resulted in a more profound and focused investigation.
During further comparative and field research in Poland and Ukraine, it emerged that the social environment is particularly vulnerable to the negative impact of an aggressor conducting so-called subliminal warfare in the social environment. The NATO nomenclature identifies five multi-operational areas ― maritime, land, air, space, and cyberspace. However, multi-operational areas must be expanded to include socio-cultural factors – Operational Area 6: Culture.
THE 'MEMORIAL CONFLICT' ON POLISH-RUSSIAN BORDERLAND: WARMIA, 2023
The article discusses the 'memorial conflict' occurring in Warmia (Poland) near the Russian Feder... more The article discusses the 'memorial conflict' occurring in Warmia (Poland) near the Russian Federation border. The evidence presented in the article is the result of fieldwork from 2018-2022. Based on the research, the following observations were made regarding anthropological aggression: (1) inhabitants consider the destruction of the local symbolic culture as an act of violence; (2) the lack of associations between national and regional cultures exacerbates differences and social stratification; (3) the policies of the national administration contest with the local.
Boroch, R. (2022). Authoritarianism, Collaboration, Ethos of service, Polemology, Radicalisation.... more Boroch, R. (2022). Authoritarianism, Collaboration, Ethos of service, Polemology, Radicalisation. A Small Lexicon of Security. Ed. W. Gizicki, Lublin. p.19–25.
Anthropological aggression takes the form of an informational, ideological or syrnbolic conflict.... more Anthropological aggression takes the form of an informational, ideological or syrnbolic conflict. Every action taken within anthropological aggression is directed at the control over informational space and exchanging "existing narration' with "ideological narration'. In that sense, some protective actions are theoretically conducted, with the aim of consolidation (or spreading) of "existing narration'. Thus, a rational presumption is that the forms of opposing of anthropological aggression are protective actions which are ethically justified, from the perspective of one being attacked. However, this kind of statement is problematic, because the differences between aggressive and protective actions are pretty flexible. Anthropological defence very often takes the form of passive aggression in a symbolic dimension, using all means of symbolic relocating. Such means are for example: memorial parks, memorials, public buildings, or logistic infrastructure. The following chapter discusses the potential possibilities for using visual signing system as a tool enabling both defence and anthropological aggression. The empirical material used has been gathered in the Warmia region.
The purpose of this article is to draw attention to the role of anthropological interview in the ... more The purpose of this article is to draw attention to the role of anthropological interview in the context of applied anthropology used in social military programs controlled social changes and to show its usefulness in hybrid warfare. Exemplary material of this article will be the program of The Russian Research Center (TRRC) led by Clyde Kluckhohn in the years 1947-1953. The article is divided into two parts. The first part is an introduction of the reader to the problems of anthropological interview which, with minor exceptions, were not discussed in the Polish literature of the subject. The second part presents the research program of TRRC.
Agresja-wojna antropologiczna a nauki o kulturze, 2016
The article discusses the issue of using applied anthropology for military
purposes as a tool of ... more The article discusses the issue of using applied anthropology for military purposes as a tool of gaining information and ideological advantage of one of the military or propaganda conflicting sides. Gaining advantage within information and ideological area enables one to influence and control social attitudes towards the authorities and put pressure on them through the public opinion which could intensify stratification within the scope of social life and, consequently, lead to social destabilisation of a state.
Artyści sceny i ekranu dwudziestolecia miedzywojennego..., 2017
The twenty-year interwar period (1918–39), seen from a contemporary perspective, is on one hand i... more The twenty-year interwar period (1918–39), seen from a contemporary perspective, is on one hand interesting, on the other the stuff of nostalgia or a subject for research. The restoration of Poland’s independence on 11 November 1918 initiated, inter alia, the dynamic development of art and science. However, this development was brutally interrupted by the outbreak of the Second World War. Later years, especially after 1991, brought disputes and discussions about almost every aspect of the Second Republic. These discussions were often subject to myth¬ologisation or ideologisation, obscuring the actual subject of the research. Therefore, in the present monograph, we have decided to look into issues look into issues of the film art and the art of theater as well as profiles of the artists of the 1920s and 30s. The research perspective proposed in the present monograph finds its place at the intersection of research disciplines such as the anthropology of culture and the anthropology of film and theater, as well as cultural semiotics, discourse analysis, and the most recent neurocultural approaches. The authors propose interdisciplinary research approaches which, nevertheless, as a whole, they fit methodologically into the programme of anthropological semiotics, the main thesis of which was formulated by Milton Singer in 1978 in his paper entitled For a Semiotic Anthropology. In Polish literature, the term anthropological semiotics is a relatively new one, but this is not to suggest that anthropological semiotics, defined as a set of methodo¬logical practices, was not employed by Polish researchers. The pioneer of (immanent) anthropological semiotics in Polish literature was most likely Jerzy Faryno, who, assuming the cultural semiotics of Yuri Lotman as a basis for reasoning, undertook in his research the task of identifying sign systems of cultural texts in their current ‘social life’. Anthropological semiotics focuses, on one hand, on the understanding of sign systems ‘entwined’ in human social life, and on the other on processes taking place within specific social structures which generate, update, or replace some mean¬ings and the way they are manifested in others. In order to combine these theoretical assumptions, it is necessary to become acquainted with the so-called cultural context of the occurrance of sign systems. To this end, we are convinced that the arrangement of articles which we offer in the present monograph reflects this idea. The material presented in Parts I and III has been arranged in sequence from a case study made from a historical perspective to one from a contemporary per¬spective – here, from that of psychoculture (neuroculture) in part I and from that of discourse analysis in part III. In Part II, we have departed from this principle in the case of material presenting little-known aspects of the history of Polish cinema in the interwar period. Part I, entitled ‘Artistic Profiles. Practical Methods of Anthropological Semiot¬ics, and Neuroculture’, consists of four articles. Eliza Pomichowska, in an article entitled The Death of Eugeniusz Bodo. Facts vs Reality, has investigated the various
narratives concerning the death of Eugeniusz Bodo which appeared in the Polish press and related literature in the post-war years. Julia Roguska offers a synthet¬ic discussion on the artistic profile of Mikhail (Michael) Chekhov in an article entitled In Search of Synthesis. The Life and Work of Mikhail Chekhov. Natalia Rytelewska, in an article entitled Nikolai Evreinov in Poland, 1918‒1939, has re¬constructed, based on rich source material, the reception of the dramatic work of Evreinov in Poland in the years 1918‒39. Jolanta Kociuba, in an article entitled A Study of the Neurocultural Determinants of the Identity of an Actor, raises, on the basis of rich empirical material, important issues of identity from the perspective of psychological research. Part II, ‘History of the Animated Cinema, Sound Cinema, and Amateur Theatre. The Semiotics of Film and Theatre’, consists of three articles. Jarosław Królikowski, in an article entitled An Outline of the State of Polish Sound Cinema in the Interwar Period from 1929‒39, discusses the beginnings of sound cinema in Poland, drawing attention to problems (economic, technological, and artistic) with which Polish sound cinema of that period had to struggle. Monika Grącka, in an article entitled From the History of Polish Animation of the Interwar Period, focuses on Polish traditions and achievements in the field of animated film. Maciej Kozłowski’s article, entitled Visual Poetic Narration in the Film The Adventures of a Good Citizen by Franciszka and Stefan Themerson, discusses the issue of the language of film and the avant-garde narrative techniques used by the filmmakers; the work of Franciszka and Stefan Themerson serves as Kozłowski’s exemplary material. In Part III, ‘Theatre and Cinema on Cultural Borders. Discourse Analysis’, we present three articles. Olga Kich-Masłej discusses the history of an amateur theatre in Wierzbica; her article, entitled Ukrainian Amateur Theatre in the Village of Wier-zbica. The Polish-Ukrainian border in the 1920s and 30 contains valuable analysis carried out from the perspective of the history of everyday life as well as of that of anthropological semiotics. An article by Lesława Korenowska and Zhanna Nurmano-va entitled Байопики о писателях: новый взгляд на киноклассику советской эпохи [Biopics about Writers: A Fresh Look at Soviet-Era Classic Films] takes up the sub¬ject of Soviet biographical film. The authors succinctly present the story of this film genre, after which they focus on a comparative analysis of biographical films about Alexander Pushkin and Abay Kunanbaev [also written Abai Qunanbaiuli], justifying their selection by the fact that both poets played an important role in the development of the literature of their respect ive nations. Part III closes with an article by Yelena Karetina entitled Understanding Propaganda: The Image of Poland in Soviet Cinema of the 1930s on the Example of the Film Border Is Locked Tight, in which the author discusses the tools of visual propaganda with which the Soviet government attempted to prepare the nation for the coming war.
W stronę semiotyzacji antropologii literatury, 2013
This monograph is composed of six chapters: 1) Theoretical Outline, 2) Dwelling As The Main Motiv... more This monograph is composed of six chapters: 1) Theoretical Outline, 2) Dwelling As The Main Motive of Chekhov’s Dramas, 3) Typology of Figures in Anton Chekhov Drama. Cultural Anthropology Approach, 4) Superfluous or Indispensable? Character of Fierapont Spirydonovicz in Anthony Chekhov’s Three Sisters, 5) The Formal Concept Analysis (FCA) in Investigations over Dramatic Figures – The Servant Unit on the Example of Fierapont in Three Sisters and Firs in The Cherry Orchard by A. Chekhov, 6) Director’s and Actor’s Interpretation of Uncle Vania by Chekhov, 7) Acting Strategies in the Stage Representation of Ferapont in Three Sisters by Anton Chekhov directed by Paweł Łysak. The introduction included comments on postmodernism and; especially, on a postmodernist attitude towards a work of literary art. The postmodernist anthropology of literature, which does not use phenomenological, structuralist or semiotic establishments, was juxtaposed with the semiotic anthropology of literature. The information on narratology (in its shaping and development in the 20th century), as well as, key categories connected with drama and theatre theory (e.g. drama, dramatic work, stage performance, dramatic and theatrical discourse, comprehensibility) could be found in Chapter I (Theoretical Outline). The issues directly concerning Chekhov’s dramatic works were presented in the following order: from dramatic motifs (Chapter II), through characters’ typology (Chapter III), and a model of analysis of background characters alias supporting characters (Chapter IV), to director’s and actor’s interpretation (Chapters VI and VII). Chapter V was an exception there since it was an attempt to adapt FCA methodology to theoretical and literary studies, which; in the light of contemporary theories – committed humanities, postmodernism or neo-postmodernism – was; in my opinion, an interesting counterproposal. In chapter II I discuss the value of semantic deposit (SD) of dwelling unit in cultural system by comparison with the SD semantic value of dwelling as a fallacy of dwelling concept in Anton Chekhov drama, which is to be based on plays as follows The Seagull, Uncle Vanya, Three Sisters and The Cherry Orchard. SD is understood as a representation of particular meaningful value in dwelling knowledge representation where the semantic value is given after the establishment of process relation with other SD that are components of dwelling SD as meronyms. In chapter III cultural anthropology is engaged to discuss typology of figures in Anton Chekhov drama. The typology of figures is based on William Lloyd Warner proposal of social classes as well as on methodology of FCA which is used to analyze SD of Semantic Matrix (SM) of particular figures as the gentry, a merchant, a doctor, a teacher, a professional serviceman, a clerk and a domestic servant. In chapter IV I propose the pattern of analysis which can embrace not only main characters of dramas but also secondary ones: 1) analysis of character’s field of existence in a play. It is connected with the situations in which this character appears; 2) analysis of dramatic function of a character; 3) analysis of behavioral field of a character; 4) analysis of the author’s perception of a character in the text. In chapter V I present presents semantic analysis of ‘servant’ figure in Chekhov drama in order to verify the possibility of usage of FCA methodology in a theory of drama as a method of figures analysis. I presuppose that drama figures, from a theory of drama point of view, contains a number of linguistic data organized in a semantic net that could be analyze as a prepositional function F(x). In chapter VI the following problem is discussed. Director’s interpretation as well as actor’s interpretation consists of numerous meaningful operations: the main task of director’s interpretation is to obtain the profound implication of possible meaning that is logically results from the data. This I would call a modal function F M (x, y) (hereafter M (x)) where x is the argument of the modal function M and y is the value of the modal function. The argument is a part of a content plan whereas the value of the modal function is a property of the expression plan. Therefore actor’s interpretation focuses on the expression plan. In the first part of chapter VII I present the analysis of the dramatic character of Ferapont Spiridonovich in Three Sisters by Anton Chekhov from the point of view of a stage performance. The second part discusses Paweł Gilewski’s interpretation of this character in Three Sisters play directed by Paweł Łysak. The problem underlying this discussion is that a dramatic character’s analysis is hindered with regard to difficulties connected with possibilities to collect the proper analytical material. A standard division into: a) work documentation and b) creation documentation in the digital area requires an additional theoretical specification dependent on a level of record detail. Analogue or digital recording does not solve a problem since there is no effective methodology in this field. Documentation of stage performance in a form of: a) photographs, sequences of photographs; b) soundtrack; c) video recordings using one or several video cameras; etc., does not show a particular part of the performance, which will be subject to an analysis. It often turns out that documentation drawn up before is insufficient; especially, when seemingly insignificant or less significant details; as supporting characters, are being analyzed. This is (in Poland) a result of theatrologists’ attachment to the “specific tradition” of not looking at a company of actors but at individual dramatic performances (stardom).
Kultura w systematyce Alfreda L. Kroebera i Clyde’a Kluckhohna, 2013
Cite: Boroch, R.: Kultura w systematyce Alfreda L. Kroebera i Clyde’a Kluckhohna. Warszawa: BEL S... more Cite: Boroch, R.: Kultura w systematyce Alfreda L. Kroebera i Clyde’a Kluckhohna. Warszawa: BEL Studio, 2013.
in his latest book Change. How to Make Big Things Happen (2021) discusses problems related to the... more in his latest book Change. How to Make Big Things Happen (2021) discusses problems related to the innovativeness of social change-the speed of innovation spread its social adaptation and reach. The author bases his discussion on investigations of such aspects among Facebook, YouTube, Twitter, or Tik Tok users. The book has been divided into four parts.
Anthropological defence is a community's spontaneous or organised action against anthropo... more Anthropological defence is a community's spontaneous or organised action against anthropological aggression. Anthropological aggression takes the forms of informational, ideological or symbolic conflict. Each step taken in the context of anthropological aggression is aimed at mastering the information space and replacing the 'found narrative' with an 'ideologised narrative'. In this sense, actions are taken to perpetuate and disseminate the 'found narrative'. It is rational, then, to assume that forms of countering anthropological aggression are defensive actions ethically justified from the point of view of the attacked. However, this assertion must be revised because defining the differences between aggressive and defensive actions is ideologised and relativised. The anthropological defence often takes the form of passive aggression in a symbolic dimension, using available artefacts that the host has left behind. Such artefacts can be necropolises, monuments, public buildings, logistical infrastructure, etc. The material artefacts of the host culture become the 'impetus' that creates the inflow culture. The host culture remains in a horizontal relationship with the inflow culture during the initial period. As the influx of social structure grows generationally, the host culture becomes semiotically and semantically deformed (has hybrid features) or disappears, leaving only the material dimension behind. The material dimension is 'interpretable' in the inflow culture paradigm. In other words, the artefacts are assigned different meanings and functions in the influential-culture typology. This presentation aims to consider the potential use of visual sign systems as a tool to counter anthropological aggression. The visual material used in the presentation was acquired during anthropological-ethnographic expeditions in Warmian towns.
PREFACE: ‘CITY IN CONFLICT’ – MILITARY ANTHROPOLOGY PERSPECTIVE 2023, 2023
In 2021, a study towards a new research direction in Military Anthropology was proposed in the sp... more In 2021, a study towards a new research direction in Military Anthropology was proposed in the special issue of ‘Wiedza Obronna’.1 That research was initiated by Polish Military Anthropologists supported by academic colleagues from Azerbaijan, Iraq, New Zealand, South Africa, and Serbia, who presented the field results and theoretical research in the special issue of ‘Wiedza Obronna’. The cooperation has resulted in a more profound and focused investigation.
During further comparative and field research in Poland and Ukraine, it emerged that the social environment is particularly vulnerable to the negative impact of an aggressor conducting so-called subliminal warfare in the social environment. The NATO nomenclature identifies five multi-operational areas ― maritime, land, air, space, and cyberspace. However, multi-operational areas must be expanded to include socio-cultural factors – Operational Area 6: Culture.
THE 'MEMORIAL CONFLICT' ON POLISH-RUSSIAN BORDERLAND: WARMIA, 2023
The article discusses the 'memorial conflict' occurring in Warmia (Poland) near the Russian Feder... more The article discusses the 'memorial conflict' occurring in Warmia (Poland) near the Russian Federation border. The evidence presented in the article is the result of fieldwork from 2018-2022. Based on the research, the following observations were made regarding anthropological aggression: (1) inhabitants consider the destruction of the local symbolic culture as an act of violence; (2) the lack of associations between national and regional cultures exacerbates differences and social stratification; (3) the policies of the national administration contest with the local.
Boroch, R. (2022). Authoritarianism, Collaboration, Ethos of service, Polemology, Radicalisation.... more Boroch, R. (2022). Authoritarianism, Collaboration, Ethos of service, Polemology, Radicalisation. A Small Lexicon of Security. Ed. W. Gizicki, Lublin. p.19–25.
Anthropological aggression takes the form of an informational, ideological or syrnbolic conflict.... more Anthropological aggression takes the form of an informational, ideological or syrnbolic conflict. Every action taken within anthropological aggression is directed at the control over informational space and exchanging "existing narration' with "ideological narration'. In that sense, some protective actions are theoretically conducted, with the aim of consolidation (or spreading) of "existing narration'. Thus, a rational presumption is that the forms of opposing of anthropological aggression are protective actions which are ethically justified, from the perspective of one being attacked. However, this kind of statement is problematic, because the differences between aggressive and protective actions are pretty flexible. Anthropological defence very often takes the form of passive aggression in a symbolic dimension, using all means of symbolic relocating. Such means are for example: memorial parks, memorials, public buildings, or logistic infrastructure. The following chapter discusses the potential possibilities for using visual signing system as a tool enabling both defence and anthropological aggression. The empirical material used has been gathered in the Warmia region.
The purpose of this article is to draw attention to the role of anthropological interview in the ... more The purpose of this article is to draw attention to the role of anthropological interview in the context of applied anthropology used in social military programs controlled social changes and to show its usefulness in hybrid warfare. Exemplary material of this article will be the program of The Russian Research Center (TRRC) led by Clyde Kluckhohn in the years 1947-1953. The article is divided into two parts. The first part is an introduction of the reader to the problems of anthropological interview which, with minor exceptions, were not discussed in the Polish literature of the subject. The second part presents the research program of TRRC.
Agresja-wojna antropologiczna a nauki o kulturze, 2016
The article discusses the issue of using applied anthropology for military
purposes as a tool of ... more The article discusses the issue of using applied anthropology for military purposes as a tool of gaining information and ideological advantage of one of the military or propaganda conflicting sides. Gaining advantage within information and ideological area enables one to influence and control social attitudes towards the authorities and put pressure on them through the public opinion which could intensify stratification within the scope of social life and, consequently, lead to social destabilisation of a state.
Artyści sceny i ekranu dwudziestolecia miedzywojennego..., 2017
The twenty-year interwar period (1918–39), seen from a contemporary perspective, is on one hand i... more The twenty-year interwar period (1918–39), seen from a contemporary perspective, is on one hand interesting, on the other the stuff of nostalgia or a subject for research. The restoration of Poland’s independence on 11 November 1918 initiated, inter alia, the dynamic development of art and science. However, this development was brutally interrupted by the outbreak of the Second World War. Later years, especially after 1991, brought disputes and discussions about almost every aspect of the Second Republic. These discussions were often subject to myth¬ologisation or ideologisation, obscuring the actual subject of the research. Therefore, in the present monograph, we have decided to look into issues look into issues of the film art and the art of theater as well as profiles of the artists of the 1920s and 30s. The research perspective proposed in the present monograph finds its place at the intersection of research disciplines such as the anthropology of culture and the anthropology of film and theater, as well as cultural semiotics, discourse analysis, and the most recent neurocultural approaches. The authors propose interdisciplinary research approaches which, nevertheless, as a whole, they fit methodologically into the programme of anthropological semiotics, the main thesis of which was formulated by Milton Singer in 1978 in his paper entitled For a Semiotic Anthropology. In Polish literature, the term anthropological semiotics is a relatively new one, but this is not to suggest that anthropological semiotics, defined as a set of methodo¬logical practices, was not employed by Polish researchers. The pioneer of (immanent) anthropological semiotics in Polish literature was most likely Jerzy Faryno, who, assuming the cultural semiotics of Yuri Lotman as a basis for reasoning, undertook in his research the task of identifying sign systems of cultural texts in their current ‘social life’. Anthropological semiotics focuses, on one hand, on the understanding of sign systems ‘entwined’ in human social life, and on the other on processes taking place within specific social structures which generate, update, or replace some mean¬ings and the way they are manifested in others. In order to combine these theoretical assumptions, it is necessary to become acquainted with the so-called cultural context of the occurrance of sign systems. To this end, we are convinced that the arrangement of articles which we offer in the present monograph reflects this idea. The material presented in Parts I and III has been arranged in sequence from a case study made from a historical perspective to one from a contemporary per¬spective – here, from that of psychoculture (neuroculture) in part I and from that of discourse analysis in part III. In Part II, we have departed from this principle in the case of material presenting little-known aspects of the history of Polish cinema in the interwar period. Part I, entitled ‘Artistic Profiles. Practical Methods of Anthropological Semiot¬ics, and Neuroculture’, consists of four articles. Eliza Pomichowska, in an article entitled The Death of Eugeniusz Bodo. Facts vs Reality, has investigated the various
narratives concerning the death of Eugeniusz Bodo which appeared in the Polish press and related literature in the post-war years. Julia Roguska offers a synthet¬ic discussion on the artistic profile of Mikhail (Michael) Chekhov in an article entitled In Search of Synthesis. The Life and Work of Mikhail Chekhov. Natalia Rytelewska, in an article entitled Nikolai Evreinov in Poland, 1918‒1939, has re¬constructed, based on rich source material, the reception of the dramatic work of Evreinov in Poland in the years 1918‒39. Jolanta Kociuba, in an article entitled A Study of the Neurocultural Determinants of the Identity of an Actor, raises, on the basis of rich empirical material, important issues of identity from the perspective of psychological research. Part II, ‘History of the Animated Cinema, Sound Cinema, and Amateur Theatre. The Semiotics of Film and Theatre’, consists of three articles. Jarosław Królikowski, in an article entitled An Outline of the State of Polish Sound Cinema in the Interwar Period from 1929‒39, discusses the beginnings of sound cinema in Poland, drawing attention to problems (economic, technological, and artistic) with which Polish sound cinema of that period had to struggle. Monika Grącka, in an article entitled From the History of Polish Animation of the Interwar Period, focuses on Polish traditions and achievements in the field of animated film. Maciej Kozłowski’s article, entitled Visual Poetic Narration in the Film The Adventures of a Good Citizen by Franciszka and Stefan Themerson, discusses the issue of the language of film and the avant-garde narrative techniques used by the filmmakers; the work of Franciszka and Stefan Themerson serves as Kozłowski’s exemplary material. In Part III, ‘Theatre and Cinema on Cultural Borders. Discourse Analysis’, we present three articles. Olga Kich-Masłej discusses the history of an amateur theatre in Wierzbica; her article, entitled Ukrainian Amateur Theatre in the Village of Wier-zbica. The Polish-Ukrainian border in the 1920s and 30 contains valuable analysis carried out from the perspective of the history of everyday life as well as of that of anthropological semiotics. An article by Lesława Korenowska and Zhanna Nurmano-va entitled Байопики о писателях: новый взгляд на киноклассику советской эпохи [Biopics about Writers: A Fresh Look at Soviet-Era Classic Films] takes up the sub¬ject of Soviet biographical film. The authors succinctly present the story of this film genre, after which they focus on a comparative analysis of biographical films about Alexander Pushkin and Abay Kunanbaev [also written Abai Qunanbaiuli], justifying their selection by the fact that both poets played an important role in the development of the literature of their respect ive nations. Part III closes with an article by Yelena Karetina entitled Understanding Propaganda: The Image of Poland in Soviet Cinema of the 1930s on the Example of the Film Border Is Locked Tight, in which the author discusses the tools of visual propaganda with which the Soviet government attempted to prepare the nation for the coming war.
W stronę semiotyzacji antropologii literatury, 2013
This monograph is composed of six chapters: 1) Theoretical Outline, 2) Dwelling As The Main Motiv... more This monograph is composed of six chapters: 1) Theoretical Outline, 2) Dwelling As The Main Motive of Chekhov’s Dramas, 3) Typology of Figures in Anton Chekhov Drama. Cultural Anthropology Approach, 4) Superfluous or Indispensable? Character of Fierapont Spirydonovicz in Anthony Chekhov’s Three Sisters, 5) The Formal Concept Analysis (FCA) in Investigations over Dramatic Figures – The Servant Unit on the Example of Fierapont in Three Sisters and Firs in The Cherry Orchard by A. Chekhov, 6) Director’s and Actor’s Interpretation of Uncle Vania by Chekhov, 7) Acting Strategies in the Stage Representation of Ferapont in Three Sisters by Anton Chekhov directed by Paweł Łysak. The introduction included comments on postmodernism and; especially, on a postmodernist attitude towards a work of literary art. The postmodernist anthropology of literature, which does not use phenomenological, structuralist or semiotic establishments, was juxtaposed with the semiotic anthropology of literature. The information on narratology (in its shaping and development in the 20th century), as well as, key categories connected with drama and theatre theory (e.g. drama, dramatic work, stage performance, dramatic and theatrical discourse, comprehensibility) could be found in Chapter I (Theoretical Outline). The issues directly concerning Chekhov’s dramatic works were presented in the following order: from dramatic motifs (Chapter II), through characters’ typology (Chapter III), and a model of analysis of background characters alias supporting characters (Chapter IV), to director’s and actor’s interpretation (Chapters VI and VII). Chapter V was an exception there since it was an attempt to adapt FCA methodology to theoretical and literary studies, which; in the light of contemporary theories – committed humanities, postmodernism or neo-postmodernism – was; in my opinion, an interesting counterproposal. In chapter II I discuss the value of semantic deposit (SD) of dwelling unit in cultural system by comparison with the SD semantic value of dwelling as a fallacy of dwelling concept in Anton Chekhov drama, which is to be based on plays as follows The Seagull, Uncle Vanya, Three Sisters and The Cherry Orchard. SD is understood as a representation of particular meaningful value in dwelling knowledge representation where the semantic value is given after the establishment of process relation with other SD that are components of dwelling SD as meronyms. In chapter III cultural anthropology is engaged to discuss typology of figures in Anton Chekhov drama. The typology of figures is based on William Lloyd Warner proposal of social classes as well as on methodology of FCA which is used to analyze SD of Semantic Matrix (SM) of particular figures as the gentry, a merchant, a doctor, a teacher, a professional serviceman, a clerk and a domestic servant. In chapter IV I propose the pattern of analysis which can embrace not only main characters of dramas but also secondary ones: 1) analysis of character’s field of existence in a play. It is connected with the situations in which this character appears; 2) analysis of dramatic function of a character; 3) analysis of behavioral field of a character; 4) analysis of the author’s perception of a character in the text. In chapter V I present presents semantic analysis of ‘servant’ figure in Chekhov drama in order to verify the possibility of usage of FCA methodology in a theory of drama as a method of figures analysis. I presuppose that drama figures, from a theory of drama point of view, contains a number of linguistic data organized in a semantic net that could be analyze as a prepositional function F(x). In chapter VI the following problem is discussed. Director’s interpretation as well as actor’s interpretation consists of numerous meaningful operations: the main task of director’s interpretation is to obtain the profound implication of possible meaning that is logically results from the data. This I would call a modal function F M (x, y) (hereafter M (x)) where x is the argument of the modal function M and y is the value of the modal function. The argument is a part of a content plan whereas the value of the modal function is a property of the expression plan. Therefore actor’s interpretation focuses on the expression plan. In the first part of chapter VII I present the analysis of the dramatic character of Ferapont Spiridonovich in Three Sisters by Anton Chekhov from the point of view of a stage performance. The second part discusses Paweł Gilewski’s interpretation of this character in Three Sisters play directed by Paweł Łysak. The problem underlying this discussion is that a dramatic character’s analysis is hindered with regard to difficulties connected with possibilities to collect the proper analytical material. A standard division into: a) work documentation and b) creation documentation in the digital area requires an additional theoretical specification dependent on a level of record detail. Analogue or digital recording does not solve a problem since there is no effective methodology in this field. Documentation of stage performance in a form of: a) photographs, sequences of photographs; b) soundtrack; c) video recordings using one or several video cameras; etc., does not show a particular part of the performance, which will be subject to an analysis. It often turns out that documentation drawn up before is insufficient; especially, when seemingly insignificant or less significant details; as supporting characters, are being analyzed. This is (in Poland) a result of theatrologists’ attachment to the “specific tradition” of not looking at a company of actors but at individual dramatic performances (stardom).
Kultura w systematyce Alfreda L. Kroebera i Clyde’a Kluckhohna, 2013
Cite: Boroch, R.: Kultura w systematyce Alfreda L. Kroebera i Clyde’a Kluckhohna. Warszawa: BEL S... more Cite: Boroch, R.: Kultura w systematyce Alfreda L. Kroebera i Clyde’a Kluckhohna. Warszawa: BEL Studio, 2013.
in his latest book Change. How to Make Big Things Happen (2021) discusses problems related to the... more in his latest book Change. How to Make Big Things Happen (2021) discusses problems related to the innovativeness of social change-the speed of innovation spread its social adaptation and reach. The author bases his discussion on investigations of such aspects among Facebook, YouTube, Twitter, or Tik Tok users. The book has been divided into four parts.
Anthropological defence is a community's spontaneous or organised action against anthropo... more Anthropological defence is a community's spontaneous or organised action against anthropological aggression. Anthropological aggression takes the forms of informational, ideological or symbolic conflict. Each step taken in the context of anthropological aggression is aimed at mastering the information space and replacing the 'found narrative' with an 'ideologised narrative'. In this sense, actions are taken to perpetuate and disseminate the 'found narrative'. It is rational, then, to assume that forms of countering anthropological aggression are defensive actions ethically justified from the point of view of the attacked. However, this assertion must be revised because defining the differences between aggressive and defensive actions is ideologised and relativised. The anthropological defence often takes the form of passive aggression in a symbolic dimension, using available artefacts that the host has left behind. Such artefacts can be necropolises, monuments, public buildings, logistical infrastructure, etc. The material artefacts of the host culture become the 'impetus' that creates the inflow culture. The host culture remains in a horizontal relationship with the inflow culture during the initial period. As the influx of social structure grows generationally, the host culture becomes semiotically and semantically deformed (has hybrid features) or disappears, leaving only the material dimension behind. The material dimension is 'interpretable' in the inflow culture paradigm. In other words, the artefacts are assigned different meanings and functions in the influential-culture typology. This presentation aims to consider the potential use of visual sign systems as a tool to counter anthropological aggression. The visual material used in the presentation was acquired during anthropological-ethnographic expeditions in Warmian towns.
Studia Interkulturowe Europy Środkowo-Wschodniej, Jul 14, 2016
The article analyses the volume of poetry by Roman Honet, alicja, by means of the method of analy... more The article analyses the volume of poetry by Roman Honet, alicja, by means of the method of analysis and interpretation of a literary text proposed by Jerzy Faryno. The division into primary content (direct, resulting from a linguistic utterance) and secondary content (resulting from a linguistic utterance indirectly) enables one to attempt to interpret uninterpretable, as it is considered in the literature on the subject, alicja. The structure of the volume itself, specific punctuation and grammar provide certain conditions concerning the image of poetic reality existing in the world presented by the lyrical I. What is more, the same motives appearing again and again, specific meta-oneirism, permanent palette of colours became a starting point for developing our proposal. This approach to the problem was also supported by thematic triplicity of poetic content visible in the poetry. The further part of the article presents intertextual references to the extratextual reality and real historical figures (related to the Second World War).
ABSTRACT The article presents the possibilities of using Formal Concept Analysis, FCA, in intrali... more ABSTRACT The article presents the possibilities of using Formal Concept Analysis, FCA, in intralingual and machine translations. Let me draw your attention to the necessity of joining formal and conceptual systems into one system based on relations of the particular semantic deposits SD in the specific knowledge representation KR with defining linguistic units. I called this defining a hybrid defining. The hybrid defining of linguistic units enables to examine their cognitive (hybrid) meaning, which is implemented in a form of a coherent semantic map of meanings. An exemplifying material, by means of which a process of meaning creation is shown, is a light unit.
Eugene Bodo artistic figure in the view of students of Cultural Studies – exploratory report (pro... more Eugene Bodo artistic figure in the view of students of Cultural Studies – exploratory report (project) The article has a character of the exploratory report from the educational project that had been carried out between 2012–2015 in the Department of Central and East European Intercultural Studies, the Applied Linguistic Faculty University of Warsaw. The project had two stages. Stage one was conducted during the seminar titled: The Cultural History and Art of the Region: Poland. The second stage was the preparation of the thesis based on the material gathered during the first stage. The project ended with the success of realisation of six dissertations that satisfy BA level degree. The main scope of this article is to present major hypothesis of those works.
The subject of the considerations put forward in this article is an evaluation of the quality, in... more The subject of the considerations put forward in this article is an evaluation of the quality, in substantive and ethical terms, of the specialist translation into Polish of Henryk Hiz’s article ‘Peirce’s Influence on Logic in Poland’. The trans- lation subjected to evaluation here was published in 2015 in the specialist philosophical journal Studia z Filozofii Polskiej [Studies of Polish Philosophy] (October 2015, pp. 21–33). In the presented evaluation, I point out substantive and ethical violations committed by interpreter, calling attention to (a) the flouting of the principle cuilibet in arte sua ; (b) manipulation of source material; (c) dishonesty in philological-textological development; (d) improper editorial preparation; (e) disregard of the subsequent literature on the subject; (f) deliberate and unjustified abridgement of the original text. The deficiencies enumerated in points (a)–(f) are the result of interpreter’s adoption of the ‘publish or perish’ strategy, the overriding goal of which is to publish an article in a high-impact journal with the aim of achieving the most favourable bibliometric result in the shortest possible time, at a cost to the integrity and ethical responsibility of the translator-researcher.
[Projekt ICS - kulturoznawstwo zintegrowane. Rozważania wstępne ICS ] In the article, I discuss t... more [Projekt ICS - kulturoznawstwo zintegrowane. Rozważania wstępne ICS ] In the article, I discuss theoretical problems of Polish Cultural Studies regarding methodology, methods of data collection and procedures of hypothesis formulation. I propose to under¬take a discussion of possibilities for its integration. Establishing the framework for Integrated Cultural Studies Project (ICS Project) could result in comprehensible methodology. The well- structured methodological approach towards cognition of cultural phenomena would eliminate freedom of cognition that leads towards eclecticism. Furthermore, ICS Project theoretically would allow the rational formulation premises together with the elimination of latitude approach to¬wards issues of cognition. Cite: Boroch, R. 2015. "Projekt ICS - kulturoznawstwo zintegrowane. Rozważania wstępne". Roczniki Kulturoznawcze 4:53-66.
Tomskij žurnal lingvističeskih i antropologičeskih issledovanij, 2018
The present article presents an expanded report on epistemological research referring to the cano... more The present article presents an expanded report on epistemological research referring to the canonical work of Alfred L. Kroeber and Clyde Kluckhohn entitled Culture: A Critical Review of Concepts and Definitions (1952). Theoretical efforts were directed towards the elaboration of a functional classification of the concept of culture (Kroeber–Kluckhohn Culture Classification, hereafter KKCC), which could be used to capture paradigm shifts in the understanding of the concept of culture in the twentieth century. To this end, the symbolic notation that separates types of pseudo-definitions of culture from their semantic representations has been improved, enabling the transfer of analysis to the meta-theoretical level.
Ukrainian Theatre in Migration: Military Anthropology Perspective, 2023
Recent events in Ukraine have shown that modern wars are waged not only on the battlefield but al... more Recent events in Ukraine have shown that modern wars are waged not only on the battlefield but also on a massive scale through cultural means (see Korzeniowska-Bihun 2014; Boroch 2016, 81-94). Since the beginning of the Russian-Ukrainian war in 2014, the Ukrainian theatre has been combatting not only the increasing migration of its internally displaced audiences, but also the ongoing cultural propaganda from Russia that denies the independent status of Ukraine. This chapter develops the theory of anthropological defence whereby a nation wages a cultural war at the same time as a military war. It focuses on two Ukrainian theatre companies: the Theatre of Displaced People (TDP) and the Luhansk Regional Theatre. The TDP was founded in 2014 to provide psycho logical and organisational aid for people forced to flee their homes in eastern Ukraine. The Luhansk Regional Theatre has shared the fate of the migrants them selves, having to change their place of operation because of the Russian invasion. In this chapter, we study how theatre-both as an artistic practice and as a cultural institution-can play a unique role in the practices of the anthropo logical defence. Theatre's primary functions-we argue-are inextricably linked to culture. As a weapon of the anthropological defence, theatre can enable resistance against negative information from the enemy; and it can provide artistic sup port and information through its creative work. Moreover, during the time of
The Palgrave Handbook of Theatre and Migration, 2023
Since the beginning of the Russian-Ukrainian war in 2014, the Ukrainian theatre has encountered t... more Since the beginning of the Russian-Ukrainian war in 2014, the Ukrainian theatre has encountered the problem of growing migration. This chapter outlines two Ukrainian theatre companies: the Theatre of Displaced People and the Luhansk Regional Theatre. The first was funded in 2014 to support people forced to flee their homes in eastern Ukraine. The artistic activity of the TDP was to provide psychological and organisational aid to IDPs. The latter, the Luhansk Regional Theatre, shared the fate of the migrants themselves. As a result of the Russian invasion, it had to change its place of operation twice. First, it operated in the eastern Ukrainian city of Severodonetsk. After 24 February 2022, the company was forced to relocate to two towns: Dnipro and Drohobych.
Anthropological defence is a community's spontaneous or organised action against anthropological ... more Anthropological defence is a community's spontaneous or organised action against anthropological aggression. Anthropological aggression takes the forms of informational, ideological or symbolic conflict. Each step taken in the context of anthropological aggression is aimed at mastering the information space and replacing the 'found narrative' with an 'ideologised narrative'. In this sense, actions are taken to perpetuate and disseminate the 'found narrative'. It is rational, then, to assume that forms of countering anthropological aggression are defensive actions ethically justified from the point of view of the attacked. However, this assertion must be revised because defining the differences between aggressive and defensive actions is ideologised and relativised. The anthropological defence often takes the form of passive aggression in a symbolic dimension, using available artefacts that the host has left behind. Such artefacts can be necropolises, monuments, public buildings, logistical infrastructure, etc. The material artefacts of the host culture become the 'impetus' that creates the inflow culture. The host culture remains in a horizontal relationship with the inflow culture during the initial period. As the influx of social structure grows generationally, the host culture becomes semiotically and semantically deformed (has hybrid features) or disappears, leaving only the material dimension behind. The material dimension is 'interpretable' in the inflow culture paradigm. In other words, the artefacts are assigned different meanings and functions in the influential-culture typology. This presentation aims to consider the potential use of visual sign systems as a tool to counter anthropological aggression. The visual material used in the presentation was acquired during anthropological-ethnographic expeditions in Warmian towns.
The Battle of Bischofsburg - Military Anthropology Perspective, 2021
The town is located in Warmia, Poland (Warmian-Masurian Voivodeship, now is called Biskupiec). Re... more The town is located in Warmia, Poland (Warmian-Masurian Voivodeship, now is called Biskupiec). Regarding the period of wars in the 20th century, Bischofsburg is mentioned regarding Tannenberg's Battle in 1914. This story, however, does not make as much attention. In January and early February 1945, a heavy battle is fought over Bischofsburg under the East Prussian Offensive operation from 13 January to 25 April 2915. The military operation involved the 3rd Byelorussian Front and parallel forces of the 2nd Front against Nasi-German: Army Group Centre, Army Group A, and Volkssturm members. The Battle Bischofsburg of had no impact on the fate of the war. However, it impacted the inhabitants' future, changing their biographies, including the victims' families' memoirs. It also affected the fortunes of newcomer's settlers after 1946. The story of the battle has never been told, which may add to the interest and hope of finding the missing family members who were cruelly separated. Local historians and borough inhabitants are aware of the coexistence of random cultures in the region. This coexistence is by no means easy. In recent years there has been an apparent desire to seek a cultic inheritance on the Polish side; on the German view, there remains a sense of injustice resulting from military action and the expulsion of civilians. From the Russian perspective, there is a loud and clear voice regarding respect for the memory of fallen soldiers and veterans. Let us leave aside the political appearances. The main intention is to present this story as found in 2021. Most of the problems noticed during the field research will only vaguely mention. It is hoped that the issues raised will be of interest to other researchers in the region.
The idea of military anthropology is not new. In its inherent form, it can be traced back to anci... more The idea of military anthropology is not new. In its inherent form, it can be traced back to ancient times. However, as a formulated discipline, the theoretical cognitive reflection appears at the turn of the 20th and 21st century—military anthropology developed in parallel by Russian and American academics. Both approaches became, for us, Polish military anthropologists, the starting point for our research. The classic Russian paradigm grows out of multidisciplinary studies: history, psychology, cultural studies, sociology, and philosophy. Hence, Vladimir Bazhykov defines military anthropology as a tool for planning, developing, and handling armed and social violence to achieve specific political purposes. In this sense, the American paradigm of military anthropology is no different from the Russian one. An example of the practical application of anthropological methods of cognition as a tool for gaining a strategic advantage is the Human Terrain System used by the US Army in the Iraq Wars. However, ethical problems have arisen in American reflections on military anthropology. Moral inquiries about the use of anthropological methods of cognition as a tool for warfare have been raised by the American Anthropological Association and The Network of Concerned Anthropologists. Nonetheless, while the American academics were dealing with the moral aspects of military anthropologists' activities, the Russian ones began to develop anthropological tools' new application fields. The Russian Federation's researchers ceased to treat anthropology only as a set of customs and culturally determined behaviors. The perspective on the opportunities offered by culture has changed. Even though the Russian war doctrine itself does not provide theoretical guidance on a new paradigm, one can observe the sharp shift from the culture understood as behavior to culture understood as creation. Even before the Russian-Ukrainian war outbreak, Russia was using its literature, movies, theatre and fine arts as a weapon to change the narrative and discourse. Nowadays, it is evident that the culture and its products are being treated as a battlefield. Living in Central Europe, Polish anthropologists cannot maintain the intellectual distance like their Americans colleagues. The problems connected with the hybrid war and culture, which are parts, require all academic resources involvement. The contemporary battleground is also all about dominating people's thoughts. We, at this moment, offer you a new paradigm of military anthropology, focused on culture as an area where a fierce battle for resources is taking part. These resources are not oil or strategic points, but identity, language, and heritage.
Forgotten Memoir - Military Cemeteries of Warmia, Poland, 2020
My presentation concerns the so-called memorial conflict in Warmia Region between states Poland a... more My presentation concerns the so-called memorial conflict in Warmia Region between states Poland and Russia. The disagreement concerns the 20th-century history of this region. In this area, we can see the deliberate devastation of memorial sites or historical objects not connected with the Polish history of this land, mostly Soviet monuments and military graveyards.
Cite:
Boroch, R. (2020). Forgotten Memoir - Military Cemeteries of Warmia, Poland Open Anthropology Research Repository. https://www.openanthroresearch.org/doi/abs/10.1002/oarr.10000339.1
Dispute over the data Core in the humanities., 2019
The idea of ‘humanities data’ could be approached from different stands. Even those who treat thi... more The idea of ‘humanities data’ could be approached from different stands. Even those who treat this term, in humanities division, as a hypostatic or unrealistic object could provide important arguments supporting nonexistence such thing as ‘humanities data’. That strong stand is based on a misunderstanding of the essence of humanities that differ from national academic tradition as well as social expectation from humanities itself. Social attitude towards humanities is linked with the way of life and ideology that determines the understanding of reality and urge fractions among social groups. That is why formulating an ontological as well as epistemological statements should deal with the explanatory power of ‘humanities data’ towards phenomena. Thus, this kind of approach is problematic that is bringing the problem according to the differences between an accurate knowledge about phenomena or an imaginative/interpretative knowledge on phenomena. Nevertheless, humanities products are recorded, and those records could be analysed in order to produce a methodological description of its change. In that, matters interesting issue is the material in which ‘humanities data’ are registered. Hence, we should talk here about the language and methods of propositional final judgment. According to this, I would present in my paper terms corpus analysis for Polish memetics in order to draw up the model concept of paradigm change in the scientific discipline on the example of terminology corpus used in the articles published in ‘Teksty z Ulicy’ between 2005–2018. I will divide my paper into two parts. In the first section, I will present the results of the quantitative analysis term based on lexical base -mem. In the second section, I will discuss the development of terminology corpus in order to predict possible changes in memetics paradigm represented in that journal.
Boroch, R. 2019. Dispute over the data core in the humanities on the example of word formation database ‘mem’ in articles published in ‘Teksty z Ulicy’ in 2005–2018. In: DARIAH Annual Event 2019: Humanities Data. Book of Abstracts, p. 58
The article discusses the problem of the actor’s interpretation (resp. working
on the role) from ... more The article discusses the problem of the actor’s interpretation (resp. working on the role) from the perspective of anthropological semiotics. In this context, an actor’s part is treated as a social construct of the specific referential chain. The exemplification materials are three actor’s interpretations of the figure of Wojnicki from dramatic play Uncle Vanya by Atnon Chekhov (Zamachowski, Hudziak, Gancarczyk) staged between 1993 and 1994 in the following theatres: Teatr Studio in Warsaw (1993), Teatr Stary in Kraków (1993) and Teatr TV (1994).
Studia Pedagogiczne. Problemy Społeczne, Edukacyjne i Artystyczne, 2017
Eugene Bodo artistic figure in the view of students of Cultural Studies – exploratory report (pro... more Eugene Bodo artistic figure in the view of students of Cultural Studies – exploratory report (project) The article has a character of the exploratory report from the educational project that had been carried out between 2012–2015 in the Department of Central and East European Intercultural Studies, the Applied Linguistic Faculty University of Warsaw. The project had two stages. Stage one was conducted during the seminar titled: The Cultural History and Art of the Region: Poland. The second stage was the preparation of the thesis based on the material gathered during the first stage. The project ended with the success of realisation of six dissertations that satisfy BA level degree. The main scope of this article is to present major hypothesis of those works.
The Initial Stage of Cognition and Visualization in Cultural Studies, 2016
In the article, I pay attention to the Initial Stage of Cognition (from now on: ISC) in cultural ... more In the article, I pay attention to the Initial Stage of Cognition (from now on: ISC) in cultural studies and the role of visualization as a tool to facilitate cognitive thinking. I argue that ISC allows constructing an unstable description of the object of cognition that could be treated as a grand to stand for in the further analysis. Thus, the description supported by visualization clarify discussion as well as makes it easier to move away from material thinking (about the object of cognition) towards abstract and symbolic. Furthermore, visualization introducing a specific number of constitutional restriction. I also assume that the ability to visualize the description of the resulting unstable at the stage of ISC allows you to formulate further questions, and they define problems.
Wokół ewolucji języka - hipotezy na temat źródeł ludzkiej mowy i ich wartość naukowa, 2018
The article refers to the hypotheses concerning the evolution of language presented in an article... more The article refers to the hypotheses concerning the evolution of language presented in an article by Magdalena Danielewiczowa and entitled What is language needed for? What is necessary in language? The hypotheses pro-posed by Danielewiczowa have far-reaching methodological consequences for cultural studies, especially those that strike a balance between general linguistics, linguistic semantics, anthropological linguistics, and philosophy of language. The organisation of research on cultural phenomena requires methodological planning enabling the minimum conditions of modern research methods to be met. These conditions are: (1) the definition of co-gnitive goals; (2) the determination of methods for the identification of variables (methodology); (3) research hypotheses formulated in affirmative (not interrogative or negative) sentences; (4) the existence of a relationship between the logical or analytical implications of variables and hypotheses; (5) the negation of hypotheses (counter-argumentation); (6) the substantia-tion of hypotheses. In this article I develop Danielewiczowa’s remarks on ways of using the term evolution, while also indicating the consequences of disregarding the conditions of correct reasoning within the framework of the research programme called anthropology of the word
Przywództwo w świetle etyki stosowanej. Zastosowanie coachingu w procesie kształcenia liderów (przywódców), 2017
In the paper, we discuss the educational potential of coaching as a complementary tool for leader... more In the paper, we discuss the educational potential of coaching as a complementary tool for leadership training. Coaching is treated as a supporting method in the process of learning that must be backed up with some philosophical aspects in virtues that allow building up social leadership competence. Thus, leader virtues, such as loyalty, personal example or duty are discussed as quality issues of the modern leader.
The article is critical of the theses presented in J. Stanisławek’s article Współczesna rewolucja... more The article is critical of the theses presented in J. Stanisławek’s article Współczesna rewolucja obyczajowa [The contemporary revolution of manners] (hereafter WRO), which introduces the categories of (1) ‘traditional culture’ and (2) ‘contemporary culture’, to which attributes are as¬signed: to the former, elitism, idealism, and asceticism; to the latter, egalitarianism, utilitarianism, and hedonism. It also characterises traditional culture as being oriented towards the realisation of ideals, contemporary culture towards pleasure. The beginning of the collapse of the values of traditional culture is supposed to have been determined by the appearance in Western Europe of rock and roll and the bikini. The main objections to WRO concern: (1) omission of a historical-cultural context; (2) failure to base the analysis on factual data; (3) dichotomous division of categories; (4) ethnocentric evaluation of categories. Stanisławek’s article is part and parcel of the war of cultures, i.e. the conflict between conservative and liberal visions of the world (social relations).
Memy jako klucz do ludzkiej inteligencji — warszawski wykład Daniela C. Dennetta, 2017
Boroch, R. 2017. Memy jako klucz do ludzkiej inteligencji — warszawski wykład Daniela C. Dennetta... more Boroch, R. 2017. Memy jako klucz do ludzkiej inteligencji — warszawski wykład Daniela C. Dennetta. Sprawozdanie. Teksty z ulicy, nr 18, s 201–204.
Cite: Boroch, R. 2017. Etyka w przekładzie specjalistycznym a kompetencje tłumacza
tekstów specj... more Cite: Boroch, R. 2017. Etyka w przekładzie specjalistycznym a kompetencje tłumacza
tekstów specjalistycznych — studium przypadku. Nauka. Kwartalnik Polskiej Akademii
Nauk, nr 1, s. 157–172
Cite: Boroch Robert, Spór o podmiot dramatyczny: (wokół propozycji Adama Kulawika). W: Cyzman Mar... more Cite: Boroch Robert, Spór o podmiot dramatyczny: (wokół propozycji Adama Kulawika). W: Cyzman Marzenna, Skubaczewska-Pniewska Anna, Brzostek Dariusz (red.), Od Lema do Sienkiewicza (z Ingardenem w tle): prace literaturoznawcze ofiarowane Profesorowi Andrzejowi Stoffowi w siedemdziesiątą rocznicę urodzin, Toruń, 2017, s. 163-178.
Cite: Boroch, R.: Jeszcze o prowincjonalizmie europejskim [Recenzja książki Prowincjonalizm w kul... more Cite: Boroch, R.: Jeszcze o prowincjonalizmie europejskim [Recenzja książki Prowincjonalizm w kulturze europejskiej, Płonka-Syroka, B., Marchel, K., (red.), Wrocław 2010]. Etnolingwistyka, 2011, nr 23, s. 259-261
Cite: Boroch, R.: Prowincja w centrum uwagi [Recenzja książki Prowincja — świat, Europa, Polska: ... more Cite: Boroch, R.: Prowincja w centrum uwagi [Recenzja książki Prowincja — świat, Europa, Polska: zbiór studiów, Ryszkiewicz, M. (red.), Lublin 2007]. 2009. Etnolingwistyka, t. 21, s. 293−298
Formalna Analiza Konceptualna (FCA) w badaniach nad postaciami dramatycznymi, 2010
Cite: Boroch, R. 2010. Formalna Analiza Konceptualna (FCA) w badaniach nad postaciami dramatyczny... more Cite: Boroch, R. 2010. Formalna Analiza Konceptualna (FCA) w badaniach nad postaciami dramatycznymi — jednostka N: sługa na przykładzie Fieraponta w „Trzech siostrach” i Firsa w „Wiśniowym sadzie” Antoniego Czechowa. W: Strzelecki R., Guźlak. G. (red.), Czechow współcześnie. Bydgoszcz: Wydawnictwo Uniwersytetu Kazimierza Wielkiego, s. 125–152.
Remarks on an Interpretation of Literary Work of Art Presented on the Example of Dramaturgy of Anton Chekhov, 2018
The present article raises issues regarding the hermeneutics of literary artwork. Reflection on t... more The present article raises issues regarding the hermeneutics of literary artwork. Reflection on the causes influencing the descriptive instability of the interpretation of work constitutes the main point of these considerations. Two perspectives on the description of work have been adopted: internal (hereafter PW) and external (hereafter PZ). The PW perspective is a reductionist approach involving a stable description; from this perspective, the work is treated as a distinct whole, described in isolation from the real world. Theoretically, the PW perspective governs the semiotics of literature. In research practice, however, the so-called ‘pure semiotics of literature, i.e. one that is detached from the real world, does not come into play. The other, opposite perspective is the PZ approach. From this perspective, the work, as a part of the social structure (i.e. social phenomenon), is treated as a given. In this regard as well, PZ leads to anthropology (e.g. the anthropology of literature). From this perspective, the relationships between the world of the work and the real world are dynamic and dependent on the ideological point of reference. In this sense, a PZ description is also unstable and open. Problems for further consideration include questions regarding the potential for elaborating reliable methods to describe work from different perspectives (e.g. the semiotics of literature) as well as the ontological fixation of a work of literary art within sociological processes (the anthropology of literature, semiotic anthropology).
Z. Zinkevièiusa, The History of the Lithuanian Language, 2004
Cite: Boroch, R.: [Recenzja książki Z. Zinkevièiusa, The History of the Lithuanian Language, Wiln... more Cite: Boroch, R.: [Recenzja książki Z. Zinkevièiusa, The History of the Lithuanian Language, Wilno 1998]. Pamiętnik Literacki, nr 1, s. 262-265.
Semiotyka antropologiczna a interpretacja aktorska. Przyczynek do dyskusji na przykładzie postaci Iwana Wojnickiego w „Wujaszku Wani” Antoniego Czechowa, 2016
Cite: Boroch, R. 2016. Semiotyka antropologiczna a interpretacja aktorska. Przyczynek do dyskusji... more Cite: Boroch, R. 2016. Semiotyka antropologiczna a interpretacja aktorska. Przyczynek do dyskusji na przykładzie postaci Iwana Wojnickiego w „Wujaszku Wani” Antoniego Czechowa. Studia Interkulturowe Europy Środkowo-Wschodniej, t. 9, s. 200–211.
Mitologemy w badaniach teoretycznoliterackich, 2012
Cite: R. Boroch. 2012. Mitologemy w badaniach teoretycznoliterackich na przykładzie dramatów Anto... more Cite: R. Boroch. 2012. Mitologemy w badaniach teoretycznoliterackich na przykładzie dramatów Antoniego Czechowa. W: Obolevitch, T. (red.), Metafizyka a literatura w kulturze rosyjskiej. Kraków: Wydawnictwo Naukowe Uniwersytetu Papieskiego Jana Pawła II, s. 135–163.
Eugene Bodo artistic figure in the view of students of Cultural Studies –
exploratory report (pr... more Eugene Bodo artistic figure in the view of students of Cultural Studies –
exploratory report (project)
The article has a character of the exploratory report from the educational project
that had been carried out between 2012–2015 in the Department of Central and East
European Intercultural Studies, the Applied Linguistic Faculty University of Warsaw.
The project had two stages. Stage one was conducted during the seminar titled: The
Cultural History and Art of the Region: Poland. The second stage was the preparation
of the thesis based on the material gathered during the first stage. The project ended
with the success of realisation of six dissertations that satisfy BA level degree. The main
scope of this article is to present major hypothesis of those works.
Considering the idea of patriotism in Polish philosophical discourse is challenging for several r... more Considering the idea of patriotism in Polish philosophical discourse is challenging for several reasons. The most challenging is compromising its explication as a general idea. However, this seems to be the biggest challenge mainly because patriotism has become a socially coercive category of the right political discourse. Therefore, it appears that any debate addressing the issue of clarifying the essence of patriotism will sooner or later turn into a form of social activism and open political struggle. Consequently, it is not surprising that in populist philosophies, categories such as patriotism, identity, nationality, ethnicity, or nationalism take on various semantic dimensions that substantially impact on social attitudes towards the ruling elite. In this sense, patriotism can also be defined as a form of power over the individual, whose actions must be subordinated to the majority's will-obedience to customs in the first place, then obeying the state law, both of which represent the ruling class. This essay discusses the propositions introduced by contemporary Polish philosopher Jędrzej Stanisławek in an article titled Patriotism (pol. Patriotyzm). The spectrum of Stanisławek arguments concerns the relevance of argumentation which contributes to a populist pattern. Nevertheless,-lets note that what is described? in this article as populist philosophy is accepted by a few prominent intellectuals and philosophers associated with the Warsaw School of Philosophy of Ideas-as evidenced in the publication of Stanisławek's article in one of the leading peer-reviewed Polish philosophical journals-Edukacja Filozoficzna (ang. Philosophical Education). The spectrum of arguments concerns the appropriateness of affirmation of the prospect of patriotism as a Darwinian determinism.
in his latest book Change. How to Make Big Things Happen (2021) discusses problems related to the... more in his latest book Change. How to Make Big Things Happen (2021) discusses problems related to the innovativeness of social change-the speed of innovation spread its social adaptation and reach. The author bases his discussion on investigations of such aspects among Facebook, YouTube, Twitter, or Tik Tok users. The book has been divided into four parts.
Noam Chomsky's linguistic works are not famous among Polish researchers, as evidenced by the numb... more Noam Chomsky's linguistic works are not famous among Polish researchers, as evidenced by the number of Chomsky's political works translated into Polish is significantly more significant than strictly linguistic works. Currently (2012), probably twenty of Chomsky’s works on linguistics are available in Polish.
Peter Graff, Coppe van Urk (red.), Chomsky’s Linguistics, (Teoria lingwistyczna Noama Chomsky’ego), MIT Working Papers in Linguistics, Cambridge 2012.
Robert Boroch: [Recenzja] Peter Graff, Coppe van Urk (red.), Chomsky’s Linguistics, (Teoria lingwistyczna Noama Chomsky’ego). "Poradnik Językowy" 6/2013 s. 103-106
VigoloVania. OlderTurist Behaviour and Marketing Tools, 2018
VigoloVania. OlderTurist Behaviour and Marketing Tools. Springer. 2017. ISBN 978-3-319-47734-3 pp... more VigoloVania. OlderTurist Behaviour and Marketing Tools. Springer. 2017. ISBN 978-3-319-47734-3 pp. 176, Price 129$ (Hardcover/Paper). The issues Vigolo raises in his monograph concerning the tourist activities of seniors are part of one of the most important trends of basic research in the social sciences. The issue of tourist activity of seniors ‒ particularly in an economic context, in terms of market potential ‒ has not been extensively discussed in the literature on the subject. Vigolo’s work partly fills this gap. The monograph consists of three parts: (I) Defining the Older Tourist Market; (II) Older Tourist Behaviour: The Demand-Side Perspective; (III) Marketing to Older Tourists: The Supply-Side Perspective.
The article attempts to define properties of the smallest significant unit of a dialogue pr... more The article attempts to define properties of the smallest significant unit of a dialogue process in light of dialogic theory. In view of that, dialogue structure (dialogue retort and semantic deposit of a dialogue retort) has been investigated regarding its dynamic factor (feedback as a dynamising factor).
Theoretical Proposal of Hybrid Analysis of Lexical Unit: Light, 2012
The main purpose of this paper is not to create another detailed lexical definition of light in a... more The main purpose of this paper is not to create another detailed lexical definition of light in accordance to the principles of semantic primitives’ theory, but rather to examine the methodology as well as the way of defining the light as a lexical unit by scholars (Dobaczewski 1999a, 1999b, 2001a, 2001b; Dyszak 1999a, 1999b). I argue that a semantic deposit (SD) domain of lexical unit light could be understood only if supplemented with semantic units that possess a high-abstractive meaning value organized in Semantic Net structure (Semantic Net hereinafter referred to as SN). Therefore, lexical unit light cannot be defined as a property of semantic primitives’ faculty.
Recent events in Ukraine have shown that modern wars are waged not only on the battlefield but al... more Recent events in Ukraine have shown that modern wars are waged not only on the battlefield but also on a massive scale through cultural means (see Korzeniowska-Bihun 2014; Boroch 2016, 81-94). Since the beginning of the Russian-Ukrainian war in 2014, the Ukrainian theatre has been combatting not only the increasing migration of its internally displaced audiences but also the ongoing cultural propaganda from Russia that denies the independent status of Ukraine. This chapter develops the theory of anthropological defence, whereby a nation wages a cultural war simultaneously with a military war. It focuses on two Ukrainian theatre companies: the Theatre of Displaced People (TDP) and the Luhansk Regional Theatre. The TDP was founded in 2014 to provide psychological and organisational aid to people forced to flee their homes in eastern Ukraine. The Luhansk Regional Theatre has shared the fate of the migrants themselves, having to change their place of operation because of the Russian invasion. In this chapter, we study how theatre as an artistic practice and a cultural institution play a unique role in the practices of the anthropological defence. Theatre's primary functions- we argue- are inextricably linked to culture. As a weapon of the anthropological defence, theatre can enable resistance against negative information from the enemy; and provide artistic sup port and information through its creative work.
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Security sciences by Robert Boroch
During further comparative and field research in Poland and Ukraine, it emerged that the social environment is particularly vulnerable to the negative impact of an aggressor conducting so-called subliminal warfare in the social environment. The NATO nomenclature identifies five multi-operational areas ― maritime, land, air, space, and cyberspace. However, multi-operational areas must be expanded to include socio-cultural factors – Operational Area 6: Culture.
purposes as a tool of gaining information and ideological advantage of one
of the military or propaganda conflicting sides. Gaining advantage within
information and ideological area enables one to influence and control
social attitudes towards the authorities and put pressure on them through
the public opinion which could intensify stratification within the scope of
social life and, consequently, lead to social destabilisation of a state.
Books by Robert Boroch
Later years, especially after 1991, brought disputes and discussions about almost every aspect of the Second Republic. These discussions were often subject to myth¬ologisation or ideologisation, obscuring the actual subject of the research. Therefore, in the present monograph, we have decided to look into issues look into issues of the film art and the art of theater as well as profiles of the artists of the 1920s and 30s. The research perspective proposed in the present monograph finds its place at the intersection of research disciplines such as the anthropology of culture and the anthropology of film and theater, as well as cultural semiotics, discourse analysis, and the most recent neurocultural approaches.
The authors propose interdisciplinary research approaches which, nevertheless, as a whole, they fit methodologically into the programme of anthropological semiotics, the main thesis of which was formulated by Milton Singer in 1978 in his paper entitled For a Semiotic Anthropology.
In Polish literature, the term anthropological semiotics is a relatively new one, but this is not to suggest that anthropological semiotics, defined as a set of methodo¬logical practices, was not employed by Polish researchers. The pioneer of (immanent) anthropological semiotics in Polish literature was most likely Jerzy Faryno, who, assuming the cultural semiotics of Yuri Lotman as a basis for reasoning, undertook in his research the task of identifying sign systems of cultural texts in their current ‘social life’. Anthropological semiotics focuses, on one hand, on the understanding of sign systems ‘entwined’ in human social life, and on the other on processes taking place within specific social structures which generate, update, or replace some mean¬ings and the way they are manifested in others. In order to combine these theoretical assumptions, it is necessary to become acquainted with the so-called cultural context of the occurrance of sign systems. To this end, we are convinced that the arrangement of articles which we offer in the present monograph reflects this idea.
The material presented in Parts I and III has been arranged in sequence from a case study made from a historical perspective to one from a contemporary per¬spective – here, from that of psychoculture (neuroculture) in part I and from that of discourse analysis in part III. In Part II, we have departed from this principle in the case of material presenting little-known aspects of the history of Polish cinema in the interwar period.
Part I, entitled ‘Artistic Profiles. Practical Methods of Anthropological Semiot¬ics, and Neuroculture’, consists of four articles. Eliza Pomichowska, in an article entitled The Death of Eugeniusz Bodo. Facts vs Reality, has investigated the various
narratives concerning the death of Eugeniusz Bodo which appeared in the Polish press and related literature in the post-war years. Julia Roguska offers a synthet¬ic discussion on the artistic profile of Mikhail (Michael) Chekhov in an article entitled In Search of Synthesis. The Life and Work of Mikhail Chekhov. Natalia Rytelewska, in an article entitled Nikolai Evreinov in Poland, 1918‒1939, has re¬constructed, based on rich source material, the reception of the dramatic work of Evreinov in Poland in the years 1918‒39. Jolanta Kociuba, in an article entitled A Study of the Neurocultural Determinants of the Identity of an Actor, raises, on the basis of rich empirical material, important issues of identity from the perspective of psychological research.
Part II, ‘History of the Animated Cinema, Sound Cinema, and Amateur Theatre. The Semiotics of Film and Theatre’, consists of three articles. Jarosław Królikowski, in an article entitled An Outline of the State of Polish Sound Cinema in the Interwar Period from 1929‒39, discusses the beginnings of sound cinema in Poland, drawing attention to problems (economic, technological, and artistic) with which Polish sound cinema of that period had to struggle. Monika Grącka, in an article entitled From the History of Polish Animation of the Interwar Period, focuses on Polish traditions and achievements in the field of animated film. Maciej Kozłowski’s article, entitled Visual Poetic Narration in the Film The Adventures of a Good Citizen by Franciszka and Stefan Themerson, discusses the issue of the language of film and the avant-garde narrative techniques used by the filmmakers; the work of Franciszka and Stefan Themerson serves as Kozłowski’s exemplary material.
In Part III, ‘Theatre and Cinema on Cultural Borders. Discourse Analysis’, we present three articles. Olga Kich-Masłej discusses the history of an amateur theatre in Wierzbica; her article, entitled Ukrainian Amateur Theatre in the Village of Wier-zbica. The Polish-Ukrainian border in the 1920s and 30 contains valuable analysis carried out from the perspective of the history of everyday life as well as of that of anthropological semiotics. An article by Lesława Korenowska and Zhanna Nurmano-va entitled Байопики о писателях: новый взгляд на киноклассику советской эпохи [Biopics about Writers: A Fresh Look at Soviet-Era Classic Films] takes up the sub¬ject of Soviet biographical film. The authors succinctly present the story of this film genre, after which they focus on a comparative analysis of biographical films about Alexander Pushkin and Abay Kunanbaev [also written Abai Qunanbaiuli], justifying their selection by the fact that both poets played an important role in the development of the literature of their respect ive nations. Part III closes with an article by Yelena Karetina entitled Understanding Propaganda: The Image of Poland in Soviet Cinema of the 1930s on the Example of the Film Border Is Locked Tight, in which the author discusses the tools of visual propaganda with which the Soviet government attempted to prepare the nation for the coming war.
Papers by Robert Boroch
During further comparative and field research in Poland and Ukraine, it emerged that the social environment is particularly vulnerable to the negative impact of an aggressor conducting so-called subliminal warfare in the social environment. The NATO nomenclature identifies five multi-operational areas ― maritime, land, air, space, and cyberspace. However, multi-operational areas must be expanded to include socio-cultural factors – Operational Area 6: Culture.
purposes as a tool of gaining information and ideological advantage of one
of the military or propaganda conflicting sides. Gaining advantage within
information and ideological area enables one to influence and control
social attitudes towards the authorities and put pressure on them through
the public opinion which could intensify stratification within the scope of
social life and, consequently, lead to social destabilisation of a state.
Later years, especially after 1991, brought disputes and discussions about almost every aspect of the Second Republic. These discussions were often subject to myth¬ologisation or ideologisation, obscuring the actual subject of the research. Therefore, in the present monograph, we have decided to look into issues look into issues of the film art and the art of theater as well as profiles of the artists of the 1920s and 30s. The research perspective proposed in the present monograph finds its place at the intersection of research disciplines such as the anthropology of culture and the anthropology of film and theater, as well as cultural semiotics, discourse analysis, and the most recent neurocultural approaches.
The authors propose interdisciplinary research approaches which, nevertheless, as a whole, they fit methodologically into the programme of anthropological semiotics, the main thesis of which was formulated by Milton Singer in 1978 in his paper entitled For a Semiotic Anthropology.
In Polish literature, the term anthropological semiotics is a relatively new one, but this is not to suggest that anthropological semiotics, defined as a set of methodo¬logical practices, was not employed by Polish researchers. The pioneer of (immanent) anthropological semiotics in Polish literature was most likely Jerzy Faryno, who, assuming the cultural semiotics of Yuri Lotman as a basis for reasoning, undertook in his research the task of identifying sign systems of cultural texts in their current ‘social life’. Anthropological semiotics focuses, on one hand, on the understanding of sign systems ‘entwined’ in human social life, and on the other on processes taking place within specific social structures which generate, update, or replace some mean¬ings and the way they are manifested in others. In order to combine these theoretical assumptions, it is necessary to become acquainted with the so-called cultural context of the occurrance of sign systems. To this end, we are convinced that the arrangement of articles which we offer in the present monograph reflects this idea.
The material presented in Parts I and III has been arranged in sequence from a case study made from a historical perspective to one from a contemporary per¬spective – here, from that of psychoculture (neuroculture) in part I and from that of discourse analysis in part III. In Part II, we have departed from this principle in the case of material presenting little-known aspects of the history of Polish cinema in the interwar period.
Part I, entitled ‘Artistic Profiles. Practical Methods of Anthropological Semiot¬ics, and Neuroculture’, consists of four articles. Eliza Pomichowska, in an article entitled The Death of Eugeniusz Bodo. Facts vs Reality, has investigated the various
narratives concerning the death of Eugeniusz Bodo which appeared in the Polish press and related literature in the post-war years. Julia Roguska offers a synthet¬ic discussion on the artistic profile of Mikhail (Michael) Chekhov in an article entitled In Search of Synthesis. The Life and Work of Mikhail Chekhov. Natalia Rytelewska, in an article entitled Nikolai Evreinov in Poland, 1918‒1939, has re¬constructed, based on rich source material, the reception of the dramatic work of Evreinov in Poland in the years 1918‒39. Jolanta Kociuba, in an article entitled A Study of the Neurocultural Determinants of the Identity of an Actor, raises, on the basis of rich empirical material, important issues of identity from the perspective of psychological research.
Part II, ‘History of the Animated Cinema, Sound Cinema, and Amateur Theatre. The Semiotics of Film and Theatre’, consists of three articles. Jarosław Królikowski, in an article entitled An Outline of the State of Polish Sound Cinema in the Interwar Period from 1929‒39, discusses the beginnings of sound cinema in Poland, drawing attention to problems (economic, technological, and artistic) with which Polish sound cinema of that period had to struggle. Monika Grącka, in an article entitled From the History of Polish Animation of the Interwar Period, focuses on Polish traditions and achievements in the field of animated film. Maciej Kozłowski’s article, entitled Visual Poetic Narration in the Film The Adventures of a Good Citizen by Franciszka and Stefan Themerson, discusses the issue of the language of film and the avant-garde narrative techniques used by the filmmakers; the work of Franciszka and Stefan Themerson serves as Kozłowski’s exemplary material.
In Part III, ‘Theatre and Cinema on Cultural Borders. Discourse Analysis’, we present three articles. Olga Kich-Masłej discusses the history of an amateur theatre in Wierzbica; her article, entitled Ukrainian Amateur Theatre in the Village of Wier-zbica. The Polish-Ukrainian border in the 1920s and 30 contains valuable analysis carried out from the perspective of the history of everyday life as well as of that of anthropological semiotics. An article by Lesława Korenowska and Zhanna Nurmano-va entitled Байопики о писателях: новый взгляд на киноклассику советской эпохи [Biopics about Writers: A Fresh Look at Soviet-Era Classic Films] takes up the sub¬ject of Soviet biographical film. The authors succinctly present the story of this film genre, after which they focus on a comparative analysis of biographical films about Alexander Pushkin and Abay Kunanbaev [also written Abai Qunanbaiuli], justifying their selection by the fact that both poets played an important role in the development of the literature of their respect ive nations. Part III closes with an article by Yelena Karetina entitled Understanding Propaganda: The Image of Poland in Soviet Cinema of the 1930s on the Example of the Film Border Is Locked Tight, in which the author discusses the tools of visual propaganda with which the Soviet government attempted to prepare the nation for the coming war.
20th century, Bischofsburg is mentioned regarding Tannenberg's Battle in 1914. This story, however, does not make as much attention. In
January and early February 1945, a heavy battle is fought over Bischofsburg under the East Prussian Offensive operation from 13 January
to 25 April 2915. The military operation involved the 3rd Byelorussian Front and parallel forces of the 2nd Front against Nasi-German:
Army Group Centre, Army Group A, and Volkssturm members. The Battle Bischofsburg of had no impact on the fate of the war. However,
it impacted the inhabitants' future, changing their biographies, including the victims' families' memoirs. It also affected the fortunes of
newcomer's settlers after 1946. The story of the battle has never been told, which may add to the interest and hope of finding the
missing family members who were cruelly separated. Local historians and borough inhabitants are aware of the coexistence of random
cultures in the region. This coexistence is by no means easy. In recent years there has been an apparent desire to seek a cultic
inheritance on the Polish side; on the German view, there remains a sense of injustice resulting from military action and the expulsion of
civilians. From the Russian perspective, there is a loud and clear voice regarding respect for the memory of fallen soldiers and veterans.
Let us leave aside the political appearances. The main intention is to present this story as found in 2021. Most of the problems noticed
during the field research will only vaguely mention. It is hoped that the issues raised will be of interest to other researchers in the region.
Nonetheless, while the American academics were dealing with the moral aspects of military anthropologists' activities, the Russian ones began to develop anthropological tools' new application fields. The Russian Federation's researchers ceased to treat anthropology only as a set of customs and culturally determined behaviors. The perspective on the opportunities offered by culture has changed. Even though the Russian war doctrine itself does not provide theoretical guidance on a new paradigm, one can observe the sharp shift from the culture understood as behavior to culture understood as creation.
Even before the Russian-Ukrainian war outbreak, Russia was using its literature, movies, theatre and fine arts as a weapon to change the narrative and discourse. Nowadays, it is evident that the culture and its products are being treated as a battlefield.
Living in Central Europe, Polish anthropologists cannot maintain the intellectual distance like their Americans colleagues. The problems connected with the hybrid war and culture, which are parts, require all academic resources involvement. The contemporary battleground is also all about dominating people's thoughts.
We, at this moment, offer you a new paradigm of military anthropology, focused on culture as an area where a fierce battle for resources is taking part. These resources are not oil or strategic points, but identity, language, and heritage.
Cite:
Boroch, R. (2020). Forgotten Memoir - Military Cemeteries of Warmia, Poland Open Anthropology Research Repository. https://www.openanthroresearch.org/doi/abs/10.1002/oarr.10000339.1
Boroch, R. 2019. Dispute over the data core in the humanities on the example of word formation database ‘mem’ in articles published in ‘Teksty z Ulicy’ in 2005–2018. In: DARIAH Annual Event 2019: Humanities Data. Book of Abstracts, p. 58
on the role) from the perspective of anthropological semiotics. In this context, an
actor’s part is treated as a social construct of the specific referential chain. The
exemplification materials are three actor’s interpretations of the figure of Wojnicki
from dramatic play Uncle Vanya by Atnon Chekhov (Zamachowski, Hudziak,
Gancarczyk) staged between 1993 and 1994 in the following theatres: Teatr Studio
in Warsaw (1993), Teatr Stary in Kraków (1993) and Teatr TV (1994).
tekstów specjalistycznych — studium przypadku. Nauka. Kwartalnik Polskiej Akademii
Nauk, nr 1, s. 157–172
exploratory report (project)
The article has a character of the exploratory report from the educational project
that had been carried out between 2012–2015 in the Department of Central and East
European Intercultural Studies, the Applied Linguistic Faculty University of Warsaw.
The project had two stages. Stage one was conducted during the seminar titled: The
Cultural History and Art of the Region: Poland. The second stage was the preparation
of the thesis based on the material gathered during the first stage. The project ended
with the success of realisation of six dissertations that satisfy BA level degree. The main
scope of this article is to present major hypothesis of those works.
Peter Graff, Coppe van Urk (red.), Chomsky’s Linguistics, (Teoria lingwistyczna Noama Chomsky’ego), MIT Working Papers in Linguistics, Cambridge 2012.
Robert Boroch: [Recenzja] Peter Graff, Coppe van Urk (red.), Chomsky’s Linguistics, (Teoria lingwistyczna Noama Chomsky’ego). "Poradnik Językowy" 6/2013 s. 103-106
The issues Vigolo raises in his monograph concerning the tourist activities of seniors are part of one of the most important trends of basic research in the social sciences. The issue of tourist activity of seniors ‒ particularly in an economic context, in terms of market potential ‒ has not been extensively discussed in the literature on the subject. Vigolo’s work partly fills this gap. The monograph consists of three parts: (I) Defining the Older Tourist Market; (II) Older Tourist Behaviour: The Demand-Side Perspective; (III) Marketing to Older Tourists: The Supply-Side Perspective.
Cite: Boroch, R. 2012. Theoretical Proposal of Hybrid Analysis of Lexical Unit: Light. ARSA. Proceedings in ARSA t. 1, nr 1; http://www.arsa-conf.com/archive/?vid=1&aid=2&kid=60101-347.