Abstract. Newly gathered hydrographic data from the Eastern South Pacific is combined with other ... more Abstract. Newly gathered hydrographic data from the Eastern South Pacific is combined with other high-quality data (mainly WOCE) to reassess the properties and boundaries of the Eastern South Pacific Intermediate Water (ESPIW); to date the ESPIW has been only poorly described. The ESPIW core is found off central and northern Chile, between the coast and 90˚W and 20-38˚S. Located at 50-400 m of depth, its temperature varies between 11-13˚C, salinity ranges from 34.1-34.3, and its sigma-t lies between 25.75-26.25 kgm-3. ESPIW spreads with the subtropical gyre circulation and can be traced to atleast 150˚W. Formed through the process of subduction southeastward of the wind-driven gyre circulation, the ESPIW communicates surface properties of the waters off central Chile to tropical latitudes.
Surface albedo is an important forcing parameter that drives the radiative energy budget as it de... more Surface albedo is an important forcing parameter that drives the radiative energy budget as it determines the fraction of the downwelling solar irradiance that the surface reflects. Here we report on ground-based measurements of the spectral albedo (350–2200 nm) carried out at 20 sites across a North–South transect of approximately 1300 km in the Atacama Desert, from latitude 18° S to latitude 30° S. These spectral measurements were used to evaluate remote sensing estimates of the albedo derived from the Moderate Resolution Imaging Spectroradiometer (MODIS). We found that the relative mean bias error (RMBE) of MODIS-derived estimates was within ± 5% of ground-based measurements in most of the Atacama Desert (18–27° S). Although the correlation between MODIS-derived estimates and ground-based measurements remained relatively high (R= 0.94), RMBE values were slightly larger in the southernmost part of the desert (27–30° S). Both MODIS-derived data and ground-based measurements show th...
Discusión del sistema de la Corriente de Humboldt y masas de agua Cienc. Tecnol. Mar, 30 (1): 21-... more Discusión del sistema de la Corriente de Humboldt y masas de agua Cienc. Tecnol. Mar, 30 (1): 21-36, 2007 ... DISCUSIÓN DEL SISTEMA DE LA CORRIENTE HUMBOLDT Y MASAS DE AGUA EN LA ZONA NORTE Y CENTRO DE CHILE* ... DISCUSSION OF THE ...
Newly gathered hydrographic data from the Eastern South Pacific is combined with other high-quali... more Newly gathered hydrographic data from the Eastern South Pacific is combined with other high-quality data (mainly WOCE) to reassess the properties and boundaries of the Eastern South Pacific Intermediate Water (ESPIW); to date the ESPIW has been only poorly described. The ESPIW core is found off central and northern Chile, between the coast and 90˚W and 20-38˚S. Located at 50-400
Revista chilena de obstetricia y ginecología, 1995
The objective of our study was prospectively compare the effect in the rate of cesarean section o... more The objective of our study was prospectively compare the effect in the rate of cesarean section of active labor management and of traditional labor management in primiparas with physiological term pregnancy. From september 1, 1993 to may 31, 1994, 145 primiparas with physiological term pregnancy were randomly assigned to one group of active labor management (study group, n = 75) and to one group of traditional labor management (control group, n = 70). Cesarean section rate was 9.3% in the study group and 20% in the control group (p < 0.05). There was no increase in fetal morbidity or mortality. Active labor management can reduce cesarean section rate in primiparas with physiological term pregnancy.
We compared potential temperature and salinity of Antarctic Intermediate Water along 32°30'S... more We compared potential temperature and salinity of Antarctic Intermediate Water along 32°30'S, from the coast of Chile to the central South Pacific Ocean between 2003 and 1992, based on two vertically and horizontally high resolution repeat-sections each being 6795 km long. The temperature of Antarctic Intermediate Water, considering the entire body of the Water Mass along the section, increased by 0.048°C, and salinity by 0.002. The increase in salinity could be explained by a slight shift in the evaporation/precipitation balance of the South Pacific Ocean.
Abstract. Newly gathered hydrographic data from the Eastern South Pacific is combined with other ... more Abstract. Newly gathered hydrographic data from the Eastern South Pacific is combined with other high-quality data (mainly WOCE) to reassess the properties and boundaries of the Eastern South Pacific Intermediate Water (ESPIW); to date the ESPIW has been only poorly described. The ESPIW core is found off central and northern Chile, between the coast and 90˚W and 20-38˚S. Located at 50-400 m of depth, its temperature varies between 11-13˚C, salinity ranges from 34.1-34.3, and its sigma-t lies between 25.75-26.25 kgm-3. ESPIW spreads with the subtropical gyre circulation and can be traced to atleast 150˚W. Formed through the process of subduction southeastward of the wind-driven gyre circulation, the ESPIW communicates surface properties of the waters off central Chile to tropical latitudes.
Surface albedo is an important forcing parameter that drives the radiative energy budget as it de... more Surface albedo is an important forcing parameter that drives the radiative energy budget as it determines the fraction of the downwelling solar irradiance that the surface reflects. Here we report on ground-based measurements of the spectral albedo (350–2200 nm) carried out at 20 sites across a North–South transect of approximately 1300 km in the Atacama Desert, from latitude 18° S to latitude 30° S. These spectral measurements were used to evaluate remote sensing estimates of the albedo derived from the Moderate Resolution Imaging Spectroradiometer (MODIS). We found that the relative mean bias error (RMBE) of MODIS-derived estimates was within ± 5% of ground-based measurements in most of the Atacama Desert (18–27° S). Although the correlation between MODIS-derived estimates and ground-based measurements remained relatively high (R= 0.94), RMBE values were slightly larger in the southernmost part of the desert (27–30° S). Both MODIS-derived data and ground-based measurements show th...
Discusión del sistema de la Corriente de Humboldt y masas de agua Cienc. Tecnol. Mar, 30 (1): 21-... more Discusión del sistema de la Corriente de Humboldt y masas de agua Cienc. Tecnol. Mar, 30 (1): 21-36, 2007 ... DISCUSIÓN DEL SISTEMA DE LA CORRIENTE HUMBOLDT Y MASAS DE AGUA EN LA ZONA NORTE Y CENTRO DE CHILE* ... DISCUSSION OF THE ...
Newly gathered hydrographic data from the Eastern South Pacific is combined with other high-quali... more Newly gathered hydrographic data from the Eastern South Pacific is combined with other high-quality data (mainly WOCE) to reassess the properties and boundaries of the Eastern South Pacific Intermediate Water (ESPIW); to date the ESPIW has been only poorly described. The ESPIW core is found off central and northern Chile, between the coast and 90˚W and 20-38˚S. Located at 50-400
Revista chilena de obstetricia y ginecología, 1995
The objective of our study was prospectively compare the effect in the rate of cesarean section o... more The objective of our study was prospectively compare the effect in the rate of cesarean section of active labor management and of traditional labor management in primiparas with physiological term pregnancy. From september 1, 1993 to may 31, 1994, 145 primiparas with physiological term pregnancy were randomly assigned to one group of active labor management (study group, n = 75) and to one group of traditional labor management (control group, n = 70). Cesarean section rate was 9.3% in the study group and 20% in the control group (p < 0.05). There was no increase in fetal morbidity or mortality. Active labor management can reduce cesarean section rate in primiparas with physiological term pregnancy.
We compared potential temperature and salinity of Antarctic Intermediate Water along 32°30'S... more We compared potential temperature and salinity of Antarctic Intermediate Water along 32°30'S, from the coast of Chile to the central South Pacific Ocean between 2003 and 1992, based on two vertically and horizontally high resolution repeat-sections each being 6795 km long. The temperature of Antarctic Intermediate Water, considering the entire body of the Water Mass along the section, increased by 0.048°C, and salinity by 0.002. The increase in salinity could be explained by a slight shift in the evaporation/precipitation balance of the South Pacific Ocean.
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