Using content analysis as a method of investigation, this article examines the role of newspaper ... more Using content analysis as a method of investigation, this article examines the role of newspaper advertisements in the democratisation process in Nigeria, with specific reference to the 2007 presidential elections. Unlike the previous studies that mainly did comparative analyses of advertisements along political lines, the present study investigates the extent to which newspaper organisations complied with legal and ethical guidelines on exposure of political advertisements. The political actors and major issues contained in the political advertisements were also studied. Three national newspapers, The Guardian, This Day and The Punch were purposively selected for the study. The period of study covered the 3 months immediately preceding the election date (February-April 2007). All the issues of the three newspapers for the 3 months (a total of 89 editions of each) were studied. The content coding categories and units of analysis were adapted. This study found that a majority of the newspaper advertisements had identified sponsors, although an equally significant number of the copies did not have identified sponsors; the advertisements focused on issues, which however may not be of immediate relevance to the needs of the electorates; burning national issues were ignored; and there were more image-boosting than image-attenuating advertisements. Failure of government regulatory agencies to sanction culprits, including the nonconformance by newspaper organisations, with ethical and legal guidelines on political advertisements were reported, along with relevant recommendations.
International Journal of Crisis Communication, 2020
Sequel to the outbreak of Ebola Virus Disease (EVD) in Nigeria in 2014, the Federal Government of... more Sequel to the outbreak of Ebola Virus Disease (EVD) in Nigeria in 2014, the Federal Government of Nigeria, Lagos State Government and other relevant organisations carried out series of awareness campaigns to curtail the spread of the disease. The index EVD case in Nigeria was imported from neighbouring Liberia in West Africa. The objectives of this study are to assess the extent to which residents of Lagos State were able to recall the EVD campaign messages, identify sources of information and current health behaviour regarding EVD. The study was anchored on Health Belief Model, Social Learning and Social Cognitive theories. The study, carried out in 2017, three years after Nigeria was declared Ebola virus free by the World Health Organization. It was adopted descriptive survey research design with questionnaire as major research instrument. A total number of 450 questionnaire respondents were selected through multi-stage and simple random sampling techniques. Study revealed that: a significant majority (92.2 %) of the respondents were able to accurately recall the campaign messages, 68.8% identified television as their major source of information and 86% confirmed that they still engage in the recommended health practices. To prevent re-occurrence of EVD and other infectious diseases, the study recommended consistent media awareness health campaigns to promote and sustain hygienic health habits among residents of Lagos State.
The curtailment of infectious diseases is facilitated through observance of good hand hygiene, a ... more The curtailment of infectious diseases is facilitated through observance of good hand hygiene, a habit which tends to be low less observed in developing countries. This paper investigated the level of availability and adequacy of water, sanitation and hygiene (WASH) materials in secondary schools in Lagos State, Nigeria. The sample size is made up of 620 respondents, selected through a combination of purposive, stratified, and simple random sampling methods. Research instruments adopted included questionnaires, focus group discussion guide, document observation, and unobtrusive observation. Quantitative data were analyzed through the Statistical Package for Social Sciences (SPSS). The study showed that the majority of the respondents (87.4%) admitted that the most typical type of toilet facility is a water closet, followed by pit latrine (13.7%) and open space (1.6%) for defecation. A majority of the respondents considered the provision of a wash hand basin as grossly inadequate. Th...
The curtailment of infectious diseases is facilitated through observance of good hand hygiene, a ... more The curtailment of infectious diseases is facilitated through observance of good hand hygiene, a habit which tends to be low less observed in developing countries. This paper investigated the level of availability and adequacy of water, sanitation and hygiene (WASH) materials in secondary schools in Lagos State, Nigeria. The sample size is made up of 620 respondents, selected through a combination of purposive, stratified, and simple random sampling methods. Research instruments adopted included questionnaires, focus group discussion guide, document observation, and unobtrusive observation. Quantitative data were analyzed through the Statistical Package for Social Sciences (SPSS). The study showed that the majority of the respondents (87.4%) admitted that the most typical type of toilet facility is a water closet, followed by pit latrine (13.7%) and open space (1.6%) for defecation. A majority of the respondents considered the provision of a wash hand basin as grossly inadequate. Therefore, researchers recommended improvement of structures, facilities, and materials relating to WASH in schools across Lagos State, Nigeria.
AFRREV IJAH: An International Journal of Arts and Humanities, 2013
This paper examines the uses of semiotics during situations of hostilities, armed conflicts and i... more This paper examines the uses of semiotics during situations of hostilities, armed conflicts and in the peace building processes among the pre-literate Yoruba (of South-West Nigeria). This is an ethnographic study that relies on secondary (historical) documents and participant observation. Semiotics is a communicative device in advertising and promotional efforts. Citing concrete historical instances, this paper shows the use of town criers, symbols, signals, signs, real objects, colour schemes, coded messages, itinerant musical entertainment, the use of drums, fire/smoke, indigenous proverbs, religious emblems, gift-giving and inter-ethnic marriages as semiotics devices for advertising war and promoting peace among the Yoruba. The paper discusses uses of semiotics in periods of hostilities and declaration of war and as a tool for peace building and concludes with appropriate recommendations on the relevance of semiotics in the reduction of armed conflicts and the promotion of peace...
Social responsibility in advertising implies the use of commercial messages for the promotion of ... more Social responsibility in advertising implies the use of commercial messages for the promotion of the wellbeing and development of the community, rather than the use of advertisements for profit motivation. Advertising is conceived here as both a social institution and a form of communication to promote positive changes in society. Using a descriptive content analysis of newspaper advertisements, this paper investigates the extent to which advertisements on Children‟s Day activities in Nigeria portrayed the myriads of challenges confronting the Nigerian Child and the level of involvement of both government and private sector organizations in the sponsorship of children‟s issue-related advertisements. Two major newspapers, (The Punch and The Guardian) published between 2000 and 2005, were purposively selected and analyzed for content. Results show that the private sector advertisers sponsored more messages on Children‟s Day activities than did governmental and non- governmental organi...
The creative repetition of the most important aspects of communications, or redundancy, is a stra... more The creative repetition of the most important aspects of communications, or redundancy, is a strategy employed in the field of advertising to ensure that messages are understood and acted upon by the audience or prospects. The article shows the influence of redundancy on consumer learning. Six brand advertisements were purposively selected and analyzed for content to demonstrate the occurrence, uses,
ABSTRACT This study investigates the extent to which there exists a relationship between the perc... more ABSTRACT This study investigates the extent to which there exists a relationship between the perception of professionals and members of the general public regarding image of public relations (PR) profession in Nigeria. Four operational hypotheses were tested using Chi-square cross tabulation. The result shows that members of the general public and professionals perceived PR messages as credible. However, members of the general public, unlike professionals, perceived the loyalty of PR professionals to be more on the side of employers and clients; the role of PR was perceived as basically oriented towards media relations; and PR profession was perceived more as a tool for repairing damaged organisational image. Appropriate recommendations are offered.
Emerging Trends in Indigenous Language Media, Communication, Gender, and Health
This conceptual work examines corporate communication as a tool for coordinating universities'... more This conceptual work examines corporate communication as a tool for coordinating universities' internal and external messages in Nigeria. It explores universities' attempts to harness, link-up, and interact with their publics. This chapter presents effective corporate communication as the unifying principle in many institutional decisions. It emphasizes that sometimes, universities' efforts to communicate effectively and profitably with their host communities end up in futility especially where indigenous language is a key environmental factor. University-neighbour relationship globally ought to be symbiotic and mutually-reinforcing. This chapter reviews scholarly commentaries on corporate communication, the relevance of indigenous language to community relations; and highlights in conclusion, the implications for universities in neglecting indigenous language during community engagements. It recommends that universities should motivate their employees to apply indigenou...
Demands on the actors include ability to interpret the writer's scripts, memorise the lines, ... more Demands on the actors include ability to interpret the writer's scripts, memorise the lines, and be at rehearsals anywhere, anytime, and anyhow; obvious dilemma is associated with the involvement of child actors. A child has the right to survival and development, education, leisure, amongst others, which are to be undertaken under the guidance, supervision, and care of parents. If a child actor has a dutiful parent or guardian, effectiveness may be attained in creating a balance between acting and other areas of needs; without a conscientious parent, where the child actor is overwhelmed by the acting environment, his education may suffer even as he can commit himself to the lifestyle of the make-believe world of acting. Drawing from two child actresses in Nigeria, this chapter exemplifies the dilemma of child actors and the challenge it poses to such child rights. It offers suggestions on how the effect of the dilemma could be resolved.
Page 1. ■ Special Issue Paper Role of newspaper advertisements in the democratic process: the cas... more Page 1. ■ Special Issue Paper Role of newspaper advertisements in the democratic process: the case of the 2007 presidential election in Nigeria Rotimi Williams Olatunji* and Sunday Adekunle Akinjogbin Department of Public ...
ABSTRACT This study investigates the extent to which there exists a relationship between the perc... more ABSTRACT This study investigates the extent to which there exists a relationship between the perception of professionals and members of the general public regarding image of public relations (PR) profession in Nigeria. Four operational hypotheses were tested using Chi-square cross tabulation. The result shows that members of the general public and professionals perceived PR messages as credible. However, members of the general public, unlike professionals, perceived the loyalty of PR professionals to be more on the side of employers and clients; the role of PR was perceived as basically oriented towards media relations; and PR profession was perceived more as a tool for repairing damaged organisational image. Appropriate recommendations are offered.
Page 1. ■ Special Issue Paper Role of newspaper advertisements in the democratic process: the cas... more Page 1. ■ Special Issue Paper Role of newspaper advertisements in the democratic process: the case of the 2007 presidential election in Nigeria Rotimi Williams Olatunji* and Sunday Adekunle Akinjogbin Department of Public ...
Using content analysis as a method of investigation, this article examines the role of newspaper ... more Using content analysis as a method of investigation, this article examines the role of newspaper advertisements in the democratisation process in Nigeria, with specific reference to the 2007 presidential elections. Unlike the previous studies that mainly did comparative analyses of advertisements along political lines, the present study investigates the extent to which newspaper organisations complied with legal and ethical guidelines on exposure of political advertisements. The political actors and major issues contained in the political advertisements were also studied. Three national newspapers, The Guardian, This Day and The Punch were purposively selected for the study. The period of study covered the 3 months immediately preceding the election date (February-April 2007). All the issues of the three newspapers for the 3 months (a total of 89 editions of each) were studied. The content coding categories and units of analysis were adapted. This study found that a majority of the newspaper advertisements had identified sponsors, although an equally significant number of the copies did not have identified sponsors; the advertisements focused on issues, which however may not be of immediate relevance to the needs of the electorates; burning national issues were ignored; and there were more image-boosting than image-attenuating advertisements. Failure of government regulatory agencies to sanction culprits, including the nonconformance by newspaper organisations, with ethical and legal guidelines on political advertisements were reported, along with relevant recommendations.
International Journal of Crisis Communication, 2020
Sequel to the outbreak of Ebola Virus Disease (EVD) in Nigeria in 2014, the Federal Government of... more Sequel to the outbreak of Ebola Virus Disease (EVD) in Nigeria in 2014, the Federal Government of Nigeria, Lagos State Government and other relevant organisations carried out series of awareness campaigns to curtail the spread of the disease. The index EVD case in Nigeria was imported from neighbouring Liberia in West Africa. The objectives of this study are to assess the extent to which residents of Lagos State were able to recall the EVD campaign messages, identify sources of information and current health behaviour regarding EVD. The study was anchored on Health Belief Model, Social Learning and Social Cognitive theories. The study, carried out in 2017, three years after Nigeria was declared Ebola virus free by the World Health Organization. It was adopted descriptive survey research design with questionnaire as major research instrument. A total number of 450 questionnaire respondents were selected through multi-stage and simple random sampling techniques. Study revealed that: a significant majority (92.2 %) of the respondents were able to accurately recall the campaign messages, 68.8% identified television as their major source of information and 86% confirmed that they still engage in the recommended health practices. To prevent re-occurrence of EVD and other infectious diseases, the study recommended consistent media awareness health campaigns to promote and sustain hygienic health habits among residents of Lagos State.
The curtailment of infectious diseases is facilitated through observance of good hand hygiene, a ... more The curtailment of infectious diseases is facilitated through observance of good hand hygiene, a habit which tends to be low less observed in developing countries. This paper investigated the level of availability and adequacy of water, sanitation and hygiene (WASH) materials in secondary schools in Lagos State, Nigeria. The sample size is made up of 620 respondents, selected through a combination of purposive, stratified, and simple random sampling methods. Research instruments adopted included questionnaires, focus group discussion guide, document observation, and unobtrusive observation. Quantitative data were analyzed through the Statistical Package for Social Sciences (SPSS). The study showed that the majority of the respondents (87.4%) admitted that the most typical type of toilet facility is a water closet, followed by pit latrine (13.7%) and open space (1.6%) for defecation. A majority of the respondents considered the provision of a wash hand basin as grossly inadequate. Th...
The curtailment of infectious diseases is facilitated through observance of good hand hygiene, a ... more The curtailment of infectious diseases is facilitated through observance of good hand hygiene, a habit which tends to be low less observed in developing countries. This paper investigated the level of availability and adequacy of water, sanitation and hygiene (WASH) materials in secondary schools in Lagos State, Nigeria. The sample size is made up of 620 respondents, selected through a combination of purposive, stratified, and simple random sampling methods. Research instruments adopted included questionnaires, focus group discussion guide, document observation, and unobtrusive observation. Quantitative data were analyzed through the Statistical Package for Social Sciences (SPSS). The study showed that the majority of the respondents (87.4%) admitted that the most typical type of toilet facility is a water closet, followed by pit latrine (13.7%) and open space (1.6%) for defecation. A majority of the respondents considered the provision of a wash hand basin as grossly inadequate. Therefore, researchers recommended improvement of structures, facilities, and materials relating to WASH in schools across Lagos State, Nigeria.
AFRREV IJAH: An International Journal of Arts and Humanities, 2013
This paper examines the uses of semiotics during situations of hostilities, armed conflicts and i... more This paper examines the uses of semiotics during situations of hostilities, armed conflicts and in the peace building processes among the pre-literate Yoruba (of South-West Nigeria). This is an ethnographic study that relies on secondary (historical) documents and participant observation. Semiotics is a communicative device in advertising and promotional efforts. Citing concrete historical instances, this paper shows the use of town criers, symbols, signals, signs, real objects, colour schemes, coded messages, itinerant musical entertainment, the use of drums, fire/smoke, indigenous proverbs, religious emblems, gift-giving and inter-ethnic marriages as semiotics devices for advertising war and promoting peace among the Yoruba. The paper discusses uses of semiotics in periods of hostilities and declaration of war and as a tool for peace building and concludes with appropriate recommendations on the relevance of semiotics in the reduction of armed conflicts and the promotion of peace...
Social responsibility in advertising implies the use of commercial messages for the promotion of ... more Social responsibility in advertising implies the use of commercial messages for the promotion of the wellbeing and development of the community, rather than the use of advertisements for profit motivation. Advertising is conceived here as both a social institution and a form of communication to promote positive changes in society. Using a descriptive content analysis of newspaper advertisements, this paper investigates the extent to which advertisements on Children‟s Day activities in Nigeria portrayed the myriads of challenges confronting the Nigerian Child and the level of involvement of both government and private sector organizations in the sponsorship of children‟s issue-related advertisements. Two major newspapers, (The Punch and The Guardian) published between 2000 and 2005, were purposively selected and analyzed for content. Results show that the private sector advertisers sponsored more messages on Children‟s Day activities than did governmental and non- governmental organi...
The creative repetition of the most important aspects of communications, or redundancy, is a stra... more The creative repetition of the most important aspects of communications, or redundancy, is a strategy employed in the field of advertising to ensure that messages are understood and acted upon by the audience or prospects. The article shows the influence of redundancy on consumer learning. Six brand advertisements were purposively selected and analyzed for content to demonstrate the occurrence, uses,
ABSTRACT This study investigates the extent to which there exists a relationship between the perc... more ABSTRACT This study investigates the extent to which there exists a relationship between the perception of professionals and members of the general public regarding image of public relations (PR) profession in Nigeria. Four operational hypotheses were tested using Chi-square cross tabulation. The result shows that members of the general public and professionals perceived PR messages as credible. However, members of the general public, unlike professionals, perceived the loyalty of PR professionals to be more on the side of employers and clients; the role of PR was perceived as basically oriented towards media relations; and PR profession was perceived more as a tool for repairing damaged organisational image. Appropriate recommendations are offered.
Emerging Trends in Indigenous Language Media, Communication, Gender, and Health
This conceptual work examines corporate communication as a tool for coordinating universities'... more This conceptual work examines corporate communication as a tool for coordinating universities' internal and external messages in Nigeria. It explores universities' attempts to harness, link-up, and interact with their publics. This chapter presents effective corporate communication as the unifying principle in many institutional decisions. It emphasizes that sometimes, universities' efforts to communicate effectively and profitably with their host communities end up in futility especially where indigenous language is a key environmental factor. University-neighbour relationship globally ought to be symbiotic and mutually-reinforcing. This chapter reviews scholarly commentaries on corporate communication, the relevance of indigenous language to community relations; and highlights in conclusion, the implications for universities in neglecting indigenous language during community engagements. It recommends that universities should motivate their employees to apply indigenou...
Demands on the actors include ability to interpret the writer's scripts, memorise the lines, ... more Demands on the actors include ability to interpret the writer's scripts, memorise the lines, and be at rehearsals anywhere, anytime, and anyhow; obvious dilemma is associated with the involvement of child actors. A child has the right to survival and development, education, leisure, amongst others, which are to be undertaken under the guidance, supervision, and care of parents. If a child actor has a dutiful parent or guardian, effectiveness may be attained in creating a balance between acting and other areas of needs; without a conscientious parent, where the child actor is overwhelmed by the acting environment, his education may suffer even as he can commit himself to the lifestyle of the make-believe world of acting. Drawing from two child actresses in Nigeria, this chapter exemplifies the dilemma of child actors and the challenge it poses to such child rights. It offers suggestions on how the effect of the dilemma could be resolved.
Page 1. ■ Special Issue Paper Role of newspaper advertisements in the democratic process: the cas... more Page 1. ■ Special Issue Paper Role of newspaper advertisements in the democratic process: the case of the 2007 presidential election in Nigeria Rotimi Williams Olatunji* and Sunday Adekunle Akinjogbin Department of Public ...
ABSTRACT This study investigates the extent to which there exists a relationship between the perc... more ABSTRACT This study investigates the extent to which there exists a relationship between the perception of professionals and members of the general public regarding image of public relations (PR) profession in Nigeria. Four operational hypotheses were tested using Chi-square cross tabulation. The result shows that members of the general public and professionals perceived PR messages as credible. However, members of the general public, unlike professionals, perceived the loyalty of PR professionals to be more on the side of employers and clients; the role of PR was perceived as basically oriented towards media relations; and PR profession was perceived more as a tool for repairing damaged organisational image. Appropriate recommendations are offered.
Page 1. ■ Special Issue Paper Role of newspaper advertisements in the democratic process: the cas... more Page 1. ■ Special Issue Paper Role of newspaper advertisements in the democratic process: the case of the 2007 presidential election in Nigeria Rotimi Williams Olatunji* and Sunday Adekunle Akinjogbin Department of Public ...
The creative repetition of the most important aspects of communications, or redundancy, is a stra... more The creative repetition of the most important aspects of communications, or redundancy, is a strategy employed in the field of advertising to ensure that messages are understood and acted upon by the audience or prospects. The article shows the influence of redundancy on consumer learning. Six brand advertisements were purposively selected and analyzed for content to demonstrate the occurrence, uses,
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