Innovations in management accounting practices require placing more comprehensive integrated perf... more Innovations in management accounting practices require placing more comprehensive integrated performance measures to improve performance. Although there is evidence on the practice of balanced scorecard (BSC) in Malaysia, little is known about the influence of BSC usage to organizational performance and factors that improves this relationship. This paper examines the moderating effect of employees’ professionalism on the relationship between BSC usage and organizational performance. A questionnaire survey was administered to chief financial officers (CFOs) of Malaysian manufacturing firms. Using 110 responses, the findings indicate that professionalism of staffs significantly enhanced the relationship between BSC usage and organizational performance. Specifically, the findings suggest that social obligation dimension strengthens the implication of using the firms’ BSC.
International Journal of Educational Management, 2016
Purpose – The purpose of this paper is to propose the concept of higher education institutions (H... more Purpose – The purpose of this paper is to propose the concept of higher education institutions (HEIs) offering educational services based on value for money. The value is determined based on customers’ (i.e. students) expectations of the service and the costs in comparison to the competitors. Understanding the value and creating customer value are a means to attain competitive advantage and constitute the basis of price setting. Drawing upon this belief, as an initial step towards value-based pricing method, the possible value factors are suggested for calculating educational programme prices across HEIs. Design/methodology/approach – This is a conceptual paper introducing the value-based pricing approach in setting HEI tuition fees. Extending prior discussion on the demand for quality education and current financial challenges faced by HEIs, it introduces the concept pricing based upon customer perceived value (student/industry). Value-based pricing is deemed appropriate in view of...
ABSTRACT In general, this study seeks to understand how institute of higher learning (IHLs) in Ma... more ABSTRACT In general, this study seeks to understand how institute of higher learning (IHLs) in Malaysia determine the price of their academic programs and what are the factors that support their pricing decisions. Specifically the objectives this study are as follows: 1) To assess the present pricing strategies adopted by IHLs for their academic programs. 2) To explain financial management efforts being practiced to justify strategic pricing for academic programs.
Purpose-Finance and Accounting (FA) offshore outsourcing is a growing trend involving a relocatio... more Purpose-Finance and Accounting (FA) offshore outsourcing is a growing trend involving a relocation of business processes to Asia but only few studies focus on understanding the issues that underlies the relocation of FA services. This paper aims to provide ...
In modern public university, accountability and autonomy are issues where university leaders are ... more In modern public university, accountability and autonomy are issues where university leaders are expected to control costs effectively while continuously producing high quality education. There is a need for public universities to develop a costing system that is based ...
International Journal of Business and Society, 2006
ABSTRACT The main purpose of this research is to study the adoption of ABC as an overhead costing... more ABSTRACT The main purpose of this research is to study the adoption of ABC as an overhead costing system among manufacturing organizations in Malaysia. The stages of adoption and seven factors expected3 to influence ABC adoption are derived from previous studies in similar research area. This study uses two methods of data collection, a survey and a case study. The study shows that 36 percent of the organizations are ABC adopters while the remaining 64 percent are non-adopters. The regression analysis performed on the data showed that three factors which are decision usefulness, organization support, and internal measures had significant influence on ABC while the other four factors namely cost, IT, training, and learning and growth were not found to be of any significant influence. A case study was performed on three selected organizations that adopt ABC. Through the case study, a more detail information on organizations' overhead costing technique can be gathered. Apart from the seven factors investigated through the survey method, the case study includes aspects such as the background of change from traditional overhead costing system to ABC, barriers to change and the approaches used to handle them. The findings from the case study complement the findings from the survey by providing explanations to the information gathered through the survey method. Keywords: Overhead costing; Manufacturing; Costing techniques. I. INTRODUCTION In the traditional accounting system, treatment of overhead fails to adequately capture causal relationship between product and cost incurrence. Under the system, costs are best seen as controlled by the departments. The traditional overhead costing system emphasizes on the efficient use of resources, and focuses on product. Furthermore, traditional cost accounting reports financial information such as ROI, profit and market share. In the 1980's much criticisms were raised regarding the ability of traditional cost accounting to provide relevant, timely, and accurate information to the management. ABC emerges in recognition that traditional costing system produced inaccurate information. In ABC, costs are seen as best controlled by managing activities. Emphasis is shifted to the effective use of resources. ABC improves accuracy over traditional system by using multiple cost drivers including set-up hours, number of orders, and number of shipping. In addition, it also integrates financial and non-financial information in the reports. ABC has been studied from various perspectives for quite some time in many countries. Even though studies have shown that the adoption of ABC benefits the organizations, its level of adoption is still considered low. Many organizations hang on to the traditional cost accounting methods in dealing with overhead costs. This study attempts to investigate the status of ABC adoption among manufacturing organizations in Malaysia, and the factors influencing its adoption. It is also interesting to learn from the experience of two firms already adopted ABC yet still at the initial stage, and another firm which has reached a mature stage of ABC adoption. II. RESEARCH OBJECTIVES The general objective of this study is to increase the understanding of ABC adoption in manufacturing organizations in Malaysia. Specifically, the objectives are as follows: 1. To determine the adoption status of ABC system among manufacturing organizations in Malaysia, thus establishing a foundation for future research on ABC adoption and implementation in this region. 2. To investigate whether certain factors (Cost, Decision, IT, Top Management, NonAccounting, Training, and Performance Measurement) have any influence on the adoption of ABC in manufacturing organizations in Malaysia, thus adding to the existing pool of research in this field from the perspective of a developing country. 3. To understand and explore further ABC adoption in specific manufacturing organizations III. …
The aim of this study is to draw a comprehensive image of the relationship between life cycle sus... more The aim of this study is to draw a comprehensive image of the relationship between life cycle sustainability assessment (LCSA) impact using the three dimensions, namely life cycle costing (LCC), life cycle assessment (LCA), and social life cycle (SLC), and solid oxide fuel cells (SOFCs). By systematically reviewing and analyzing 43 articles from 17 different peer-reviewed journals between 1998 and 2021, the analysis shows that SOFC-related applications may substantially contribute to a cleaner energy sector in the future via high-level temperature power generation. The result indicated that SOFCs have better implications for environmental performance, as well as being the least cost-effective option for commercially competitive purposes. The review revealed several gaps in the literature; several studies assessed LCA using particular or very few indicators, and the few indicators may not sufficiently assess the environmental impact of SOFCs. Further, limited studies shed the light o...
In today’s challenging global economy, risk management is encountering a significant transformati... more In today’s challenging global economy, risk management is encountering a significant transformation. Organizations are switching their risk management method to enterprise-wide from the traditional compartmentalized approach. Enterprise risk management (ERM), which aims at increasing the sustainability of an organization and achieving competitive advantage, is gaining global attention and fast becoming an essential concern in all industries. Despite the importance of the knowledge embedded in people in the current knowledge-based economy, there remains a paucity of evidence concerning how human capital could influence the organization’s ERM. Based on the Resource-based view (RBV) theory, this study analyses the correlation between ERM, human capital, and performance in Malaysian public listed companies (PLCs). For this study, 500 questionnaires had been distributed, and 116 responses were obtained. Structural Equation Modeling (SEM) had been used to assess the fitness of the concept...
Small and medium sized enterprises (SMEs) are the biggest contributors to the Malaysian economy w... more Small and medium sized enterprises (SMEs) are the biggest contributors to the Malaysian economy with more than a third of total gross domestic product (GDP) delivered by these industries. In a competitive business environment, SMEs need to utilize information and technology in making decisions. This study aimed to see the relationship between management accounting information (MAI), decision-making, and cloud computing among SMEs in Malaysia. A quantitative research design utilizing survey questionnaires were used to collect the data. The survey was conducted on 384 Malaysian small and medium-sized enterprises in various sectors. The study obtained 105 useable responses which were analysed using Smart PLS 3.0 (Partial Least Square). The study found all the dimensions of MAI; namely broad scope, timeliness, aggregation and integration, positively related to decision-making. The findings also indicated that cloud computing moderated the relationship between MAI and decision-making. Th...
Nowadays, stringent competition has forced the manufacturing sector to focus on performance measu... more Nowadays, stringent competition has forced the manufacturing sector to focus on performance measurement systems (PMS) to ensure individual employee’s actions are in line with organizational objectives. Accordingly,the individual level of professionalism is seen as one of the elements to be considered to enhance the use of PMS. Looking from the individuallevel perspective, this study aims to examine the relationship betweenprofessionalism with the use of PMSand their impact on managerial performance. Upper Echelon Theory (UET) is used as the underlying principle in developing the model of the study. UET suggests personalcharacteristics such as expertise and specialization are crucial in dealing with complex and complicated decision making processes and consequently affect performance. Data were collected through a mail questionnairefrom 100 operation managers of manufacturing firms. Path models were analyzed using structural equation model (SEM). Findings indicate the level of manage...
Hydropower is the sole internal source of electricity in Nepal. Since the government policy of pr... more Hydropower is the sole internal source of electricity in Nepal. Since the government policy of private participation in hydropower sector launched, Independent Power Producers (IPPs) have gained significant presence under Public-Private Partnership (PPP) model of infrastructure development. Risk management is crucial in PPP projects as mishandling of any risk threatens sustainability and may result in project failure. This study analyses four major risks including Hydropower Sector Specific Risks, Project Finance Specific Risks, Hydropower Project Financing Risks and Country Specific Political and Legal Risks. Self-administrative survey utilizing questionnaire was conducted among the IPPs and domestic Banking and Financial Institutions (BFIs). Relative Importance Indices have been used to determine the importance of each risk item. Exchange rate changes, currency mismatch between local revenue and foreign loan, cost and time overrun, inflation, political turmoil and highly volatile...
Zakat memainkan peranan penting dalam ekonomi Islam sebagai salah satu alat ekonomi bagi memartab... more Zakat memainkan peranan penting dalam ekonomi Islam sebagai salah satu alat ekonomi bagi memartabatkan golongan miskin. Justeru, keyakinan pembayar zakat terhadap proses pengurusan zakat yang dilakukan oleh institusi zakat adalah penting dalam meningkatkan jumlah kutipan zakat. Keyakinan pembayar zakat ini dan pihak awam secara umumnya boleh ditingkatkan melalui pendedahan maklumat kewangan dan prestasi institusi zakat secara telus dan menyeluruh. Bagi meningkatkan keyakinan dan seterusnya menjelaskan akauntabiliti institusi zakat kepada pelbagai pihak pemegang kepentingannya, pelaporan prestasi yang mendedahkan maklumat mengikut keperluan pemegang kepentingan merupakan salah satu medium penting yang telah diiktiraf dalam kebanyakan kajian lepas. Kajian ini bertujuan untuk mengkaji keperluan pemegang kepentingan terhadap pendedahan item maklumat di dalam pelaporan prestasi institusi zakat. Tujuan ini dicapai dengan melaksanakan kaedah tinjauan soalselidik terhadap tiga kumpulan peme...
Small-to-medium enterprises (SMEs) stand to benefit and become competitive by utilizing informati... more Small-to-medium enterprises (SMEs) stand to benefit and become competitive by utilizing information and communication technologies. Despite constraints faced by SMEs in adopting management accounting practices, it is imperative that management accounting information (MAI) be utilized to attain effective and efficient business operations. SMEs can benefit from cloud computing through the reduction of operating costs related to new technology adoption. In acknowledging the significance of cloud computing and MAI, this study examined the extent of MAI usefulness and qualities of cloud computing among Malaysian SMEs. Through self-administered questionnaires, a total of 105 respondents’ feedback was analyzed. The usefulness of MAI is a result of the availability and importance of each dimension’s items (timeliness, aggregation, scope, and integration). The findings also showed that the qualities of cloud computing (agility, assurance, accountability, financial, security and privacy, perf...
Innovations in management accounting practices require placing more comprehensive integrated perf... more Innovations in management accounting practices require placing more comprehensive integrated performance measures to improve performance. Although there is evidence on the practice of balanced scorecard (BSC) in Malaysia, little is known about the influence of BSC usage to organizational performance and factors that improves this relationship. This paper examines the moderating effect of employees’ professionalism on the relationship between BSC usage and organizational performance. A questionnaire survey was administered to chief financial officers (CFOs) of Malaysian manufacturing firms. Using 110 responses, the findings indicate that professionalism of staffs significantly enhanced the relationship between BSC usage and organizational performance. Specifically, the findings suggest that social obligation dimension strengthens the implication of using the firms’ BSC.
International Journal of Educational Management, 2016
Purpose – The purpose of this paper is to propose the concept of higher education institutions (H... more Purpose – The purpose of this paper is to propose the concept of higher education institutions (HEIs) offering educational services based on value for money. The value is determined based on customers’ (i.e. students) expectations of the service and the costs in comparison to the competitors. Understanding the value and creating customer value are a means to attain competitive advantage and constitute the basis of price setting. Drawing upon this belief, as an initial step towards value-based pricing method, the possible value factors are suggested for calculating educational programme prices across HEIs. Design/methodology/approach – This is a conceptual paper introducing the value-based pricing approach in setting HEI tuition fees. Extending prior discussion on the demand for quality education and current financial challenges faced by HEIs, it introduces the concept pricing based upon customer perceived value (student/industry). Value-based pricing is deemed appropriate in view of...
ABSTRACT In general, this study seeks to understand how institute of higher learning (IHLs) in Ma... more ABSTRACT In general, this study seeks to understand how institute of higher learning (IHLs) in Malaysia determine the price of their academic programs and what are the factors that support their pricing decisions. Specifically the objectives this study are as follows: 1) To assess the present pricing strategies adopted by IHLs for their academic programs. 2) To explain financial management efforts being practiced to justify strategic pricing for academic programs.
Purpose-Finance and Accounting (FA) offshore outsourcing is a growing trend involving a relocatio... more Purpose-Finance and Accounting (FA) offshore outsourcing is a growing trend involving a relocation of business processes to Asia but only few studies focus on understanding the issues that underlies the relocation of FA services. This paper aims to provide ...
In modern public university, accountability and autonomy are issues where university leaders are ... more In modern public university, accountability and autonomy are issues where university leaders are expected to control costs effectively while continuously producing high quality education. There is a need for public universities to develop a costing system that is based ...
International Journal of Business and Society, 2006
ABSTRACT The main purpose of this research is to study the adoption of ABC as an overhead costing... more ABSTRACT The main purpose of this research is to study the adoption of ABC as an overhead costing system among manufacturing organizations in Malaysia. The stages of adoption and seven factors expected3 to influence ABC adoption are derived from previous studies in similar research area. This study uses two methods of data collection, a survey and a case study. The study shows that 36 percent of the organizations are ABC adopters while the remaining 64 percent are non-adopters. The regression analysis performed on the data showed that three factors which are decision usefulness, organization support, and internal measures had significant influence on ABC while the other four factors namely cost, IT, training, and learning and growth were not found to be of any significant influence. A case study was performed on three selected organizations that adopt ABC. Through the case study, a more detail information on organizations' overhead costing technique can be gathered. Apart from the seven factors investigated through the survey method, the case study includes aspects such as the background of change from traditional overhead costing system to ABC, barriers to change and the approaches used to handle them. The findings from the case study complement the findings from the survey by providing explanations to the information gathered through the survey method. Keywords: Overhead costing; Manufacturing; Costing techniques. I. INTRODUCTION In the traditional accounting system, treatment of overhead fails to adequately capture causal relationship between product and cost incurrence. Under the system, costs are best seen as controlled by the departments. The traditional overhead costing system emphasizes on the efficient use of resources, and focuses on product. Furthermore, traditional cost accounting reports financial information such as ROI, profit and market share. In the 1980's much criticisms were raised regarding the ability of traditional cost accounting to provide relevant, timely, and accurate information to the management. ABC emerges in recognition that traditional costing system produced inaccurate information. In ABC, costs are seen as best controlled by managing activities. Emphasis is shifted to the effective use of resources. ABC improves accuracy over traditional system by using multiple cost drivers including set-up hours, number of orders, and number of shipping. In addition, it also integrates financial and non-financial information in the reports. ABC has been studied from various perspectives for quite some time in many countries. Even though studies have shown that the adoption of ABC benefits the organizations, its level of adoption is still considered low. Many organizations hang on to the traditional cost accounting methods in dealing with overhead costs. This study attempts to investigate the status of ABC adoption among manufacturing organizations in Malaysia, and the factors influencing its adoption. It is also interesting to learn from the experience of two firms already adopted ABC yet still at the initial stage, and another firm which has reached a mature stage of ABC adoption. II. RESEARCH OBJECTIVES The general objective of this study is to increase the understanding of ABC adoption in manufacturing organizations in Malaysia. Specifically, the objectives are as follows: 1. To determine the adoption status of ABC system among manufacturing organizations in Malaysia, thus establishing a foundation for future research on ABC adoption and implementation in this region. 2. To investigate whether certain factors (Cost, Decision, IT, Top Management, NonAccounting, Training, and Performance Measurement) have any influence on the adoption of ABC in manufacturing organizations in Malaysia, thus adding to the existing pool of research in this field from the perspective of a developing country. 3. To understand and explore further ABC adoption in specific manufacturing organizations III. …
The aim of this study is to draw a comprehensive image of the relationship between life cycle sus... more The aim of this study is to draw a comprehensive image of the relationship between life cycle sustainability assessment (LCSA) impact using the three dimensions, namely life cycle costing (LCC), life cycle assessment (LCA), and social life cycle (SLC), and solid oxide fuel cells (SOFCs). By systematically reviewing and analyzing 43 articles from 17 different peer-reviewed journals between 1998 and 2021, the analysis shows that SOFC-related applications may substantially contribute to a cleaner energy sector in the future via high-level temperature power generation. The result indicated that SOFCs have better implications for environmental performance, as well as being the least cost-effective option for commercially competitive purposes. The review revealed several gaps in the literature; several studies assessed LCA using particular or very few indicators, and the few indicators may not sufficiently assess the environmental impact of SOFCs. Further, limited studies shed the light o...
In today’s challenging global economy, risk management is encountering a significant transformati... more In today’s challenging global economy, risk management is encountering a significant transformation. Organizations are switching their risk management method to enterprise-wide from the traditional compartmentalized approach. Enterprise risk management (ERM), which aims at increasing the sustainability of an organization and achieving competitive advantage, is gaining global attention and fast becoming an essential concern in all industries. Despite the importance of the knowledge embedded in people in the current knowledge-based economy, there remains a paucity of evidence concerning how human capital could influence the organization’s ERM. Based on the Resource-based view (RBV) theory, this study analyses the correlation between ERM, human capital, and performance in Malaysian public listed companies (PLCs). For this study, 500 questionnaires had been distributed, and 116 responses were obtained. Structural Equation Modeling (SEM) had been used to assess the fitness of the concept...
Small and medium sized enterprises (SMEs) are the biggest contributors to the Malaysian economy w... more Small and medium sized enterprises (SMEs) are the biggest contributors to the Malaysian economy with more than a third of total gross domestic product (GDP) delivered by these industries. In a competitive business environment, SMEs need to utilize information and technology in making decisions. This study aimed to see the relationship between management accounting information (MAI), decision-making, and cloud computing among SMEs in Malaysia. A quantitative research design utilizing survey questionnaires were used to collect the data. The survey was conducted on 384 Malaysian small and medium-sized enterprises in various sectors. The study obtained 105 useable responses which were analysed using Smart PLS 3.0 (Partial Least Square). The study found all the dimensions of MAI; namely broad scope, timeliness, aggregation and integration, positively related to decision-making. The findings also indicated that cloud computing moderated the relationship between MAI and decision-making. Th...
Nowadays, stringent competition has forced the manufacturing sector to focus on performance measu... more Nowadays, stringent competition has forced the manufacturing sector to focus on performance measurement systems (PMS) to ensure individual employee’s actions are in line with organizational objectives. Accordingly,the individual level of professionalism is seen as one of the elements to be considered to enhance the use of PMS. Looking from the individuallevel perspective, this study aims to examine the relationship betweenprofessionalism with the use of PMSand their impact on managerial performance. Upper Echelon Theory (UET) is used as the underlying principle in developing the model of the study. UET suggests personalcharacteristics such as expertise and specialization are crucial in dealing with complex and complicated decision making processes and consequently affect performance. Data were collected through a mail questionnairefrom 100 operation managers of manufacturing firms. Path models were analyzed using structural equation model (SEM). Findings indicate the level of manage...
Hydropower is the sole internal source of electricity in Nepal. Since the government policy of pr... more Hydropower is the sole internal source of electricity in Nepal. Since the government policy of private participation in hydropower sector launched, Independent Power Producers (IPPs) have gained significant presence under Public-Private Partnership (PPP) model of infrastructure development. Risk management is crucial in PPP projects as mishandling of any risk threatens sustainability and may result in project failure. This study analyses four major risks including Hydropower Sector Specific Risks, Project Finance Specific Risks, Hydropower Project Financing Risks and Country Specific Political and Legal Risks. Self-administrative survey utilizing questionnaire was conducted among the IPPs and domestic Banking and Financial Institutions (BFIs). Relative Importance Indices have been used to determine the importance of each risk item. Exchange rate changes, currency mismatch between local revenue and foreign loan, cost and time overrun, inflation, political turmoil and highly volatile...
Zakat memainkan peranan penting dalam ekonomi Islam sebagai salah satu alat ekonomi bagi memartab... more Zakat memainkan peranan penting dalam ekonomi Islam sebagai salah satu alat ekonomi bagi memartabatkan golongan miskin. Justeru, keyakinan pembayar zakat terhadap proses pengurusan zakat yang dilakukan oleh institusi zakat adalah penting dalam meningkatkan jumlah kutipan zakat. Keyakinan pembayar zakat ini dan pihak awam secara umumnya boleh ditingkatkan melalui pendedahan maklumat kewangan dan prestasi institusi zakat secara telus dan menyeluruh. Bagi meningkatkan keyakinan dan seterusnya menjelaskan akauntabiliti institusi zakat kepada pelbagai pihak pemegang kepentingannya, pelaporan prestasi yang mendedahkan maklumat mengikut keperluan pemegang kepentingan merupakan salah satu medium penting yang telah diiktiraf dalam kebanyakan kajian lepas. Kajian ini bertujuan untuk mengkaji keperluan pemegang kepentingan terhadap pendedahan item maklumat di dalam pelaporan prestasi institusi zakat. Tujuan ini dicapai dengan melaksanakan kaedah tinjauan soalselidik terhadap tiga kumpulan peme...
Small-to-medium enterprises (SMEs) stand to benefit and become competitive by utilizing informati... more Small-to-medium enterprises (SMEs) stand to benefit and become competitive by utilizing information and communication technologies. Despite constraints faced by SMEs in adopting management accounting practices, it is imperative that management accounting information (MAI) be utilized to attain effective and efficient business operations. SMEs can benefit from cloud computing through the reduction of operating costs related to new technology adoption. In acknowledging the significance of cloud computing and MAI, this study examined the extent of MAI usefulness and qualities of cloud computing among Malaysian SMEs. Through self-administered questionnaires, a total of 105 respondents’ feedback was analyzed. The usefulness of MAI is a result of the availability and importance of each dimension’s items (timeliness, aggregation, scope, and integration). The findings also showed that the qualities of cloud computing (agility, assurance, accountability, financial, security and privacy, perf...
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