Computer and Electronic Sciences: Theory and Applications, 2022
La humanidad debe cuidar un recurso vital como lo es el agua potable, es utilizado para infinidad... more La humanidad debe cuidar un recurso vital como lo es el agua potable, es utilizado para infinidades de tareas, unas de estas contaminan el agua y al momento de regresar a la naturaleza, no se le realiza ningún tratamiento como sucede en algunas plantas metalúrgicas, enfocando esfuerzos en esta situación se realizó un diseño y montaje de una planta piloto para el tratamiento de aguas residuales de una industria metalúrgica, utilizando conocimientos en el área de automatización y química, se escogió el sistema arduino para el procesamiento de datos, como lo son los sensores en los tanque y el manejo de las bombas de surtido de los tanques y motor del agitador para el proceso de tratamiento, en el proceso químico se optó por óxido de calcio (CaO) y un floculante polimérico comercial, para reducir a valores permitidos las cantidades de sólidos solubles, disueltos y sedimentables, el tratamiento realizado después de 30 minutos según el diseño obtuvo una reducción del 9.2% de los sólidos ...
ObjectivesOur objective was to estimate the incidence of influenza‐associated hospitalizations an... more ObjectivesOur objective was to estimate the incidence of influenza‐associated hospitalizations and in‐hospital deaths in Central American Region.Design and settingWe used hospital discharge records, influenza surveillance virology data, and population projections collected from Costa Rica, El Salvador, Guatemala, Honduras, and Nicaragua to estimate influenza‐associated hospitalizations and in‐hospital deaths. We performed a meta‐analysis of influenza‐associated hospitalizations and in‐hospital deaths.Main outcome measuresThe highest annual incidence was observed among children aged <5 years (136 influenza‐associated hospitalizations per 100 000 persons).ResultsAnnually, 7 625–11 289 influenza‐associated hospitalizations and 352–594 deaths occurred in the subregion.ConclusionsOur results suggest that a substantive number of persons are annually hospitalized because of influenza. Health officials should estimate how many illnesses could be averted through increased influenza vaccin...
International journal of environmental research and public health, Jan 15, 2014
Leptospirosis is an epidemic-prone zoonotic disease that occurs worldwide, with more than 500,000... more Leptospirosis is an epidemic-prone zoonotic disease that occurs worldwide, with more than 500,000 human cases reported annually. It is influenced by environmental and socioeconomic factors that affect the occurrence of outbreaks and the incidence of the disease. Critical areas and potential drivers for leptospirosis outbreaks have been identified in Nicaragua, where several conditions converge and create an appropriate scenario for the development of leptospirosis. The objectives of this study were to explore possible socioeconomic variables related to leptospirosis critical areas and to construct and validate a vulnerability index based on municipal socioeconomic indicators. Municipalities with lower socioeconomic status (greater unsatisfied basic needs for quality of the household and for sanitary services, and higher extreme poverty and illiteracy rates) were identified with the highest leptospirosis rates. The municipalities with highest local vulnerability index should be the p...
N-Acetylmannosamine (ManNAc) is the first committed intermediate in sialic acid metabolism. Thus,... more N-Acetylmannosamine (ManNAc) is the first committed intermediate in sialic acid metabolism. Thus, the mechanisms that control intracellular ManNAc levels are important regulators of sialic acid production. In prokaryotic organisms, UDP-N-acetylglucosamine (GlcNAc) 2-epimerase and GlcNAc-6-P 2-epimerase are two enzymes capable of generating ManNAc from UDP-GlcNAc and GlcNAc-6-P, respectively. We have purified for the first time native GlcNAc-6-P 2-epimerase from bacterial source to apparent homogeneity (1 200 fold) using Butyl-agarose, DEAE-FPLC and Mannose-6-P-agarose chromatography. By SDS/PAGE the pure enzyme showed a molecular mass of 38.4 +/- 0.2 kDa. The maximum activity was achieved at pH 7.8 and 37 degrees C. Under these conditions, the K(m) calculated for GlcNAc-6-P was 1.5 mM. The 2-epimerase activity was activated by Na(+) and inhibited by mannose-6-P but not mannose-1-P. Genetic analysis revealed high homology with bacterial isomerases. GlcNAc-6-P 2-epimerase from E. coli...
International journal of environmental research and public health, 2014
Leptospirosis is an epidemic-prone zoonotic disease that occurs worldwide, with more than 500,000... more Leptospirosis is an epidemic-prone zoonotic disease that occurs worldwide, with more than 500,000 human cases reported annually. It is influenced by environmental and socioeconomic factors that affect the occurrence of outbreaks and the incidence of the disease. Critical areas and potential drivers for leptospirosis outbreaks have been identified in Nicaragua, where several conditions converge and create an appropriate scenario for the development of leptospirosis. The objectives of this study were to explore possible socioeconomic variables related to leptospirosis critical areas and to construct and validate a vulnerability index based on municipal socioeconomic indicators. Municipalities with lower socioeconomic status (greater unsatisfied basic needs for quality of the household and for sanitary services, and higher extreme poverty and illiteracy rates) were identified with the highest leptospirosis rates. The municipalities with highest local vulnerability index should be the p...
Computer and Electronic Sciences: Theory and Applications, 2022
La humanidad debe cuidar un recurso vital como lo es el agua potable, es utilizado para infinidad... more La humanidad debe cuidar un recurso vital como lo es el agua potable, es utilizado para infinidades de tareas, unas de estas contaminan el agua y al momento de regresar a la naturaleza, no se le realiza ningún tratamiento como sucede en algunas plantas metalúrgicas, enfocando esfuerzos en esta situación se realizó un diseño y montaje de una planta piloto para el tratamiento de aguas residuales de una industria metalúrgica, utilizando conocimientos en el área de automatización y química, se escogió el sistema arduino para el procesamiento de datos, como lo son los sensores en los tanque y el manejo de las bombas de surtido de los tanques y motor del agitador para el proceso de tratamiento, en el proceso químico se optó por óxido de calcio (CaO) y un floculante polimérico comercial, para reducir a valores permitidos las cantidades de sólidos solubles, disueltos y sedimentables, el tratamiento realizado después de 30 minutos según el diseño obtuvo una reducción del 9.2% de los sólidos ...
ObjectivesOur objective was to estimate the incidence of influenza‐associated hospitalizations an... more ObjectivesOur objective was to estimate the incidence of influenza‐associated hospitalizations and in‐hospital deaths in Central American Region.Design and settingWe used hospital discharge records, influenza surveillance virology data, and population projections collected from Costa Rica, El Salvador, Guatemala, Honduras, and Nicaragua to estimate influenza‐associated hospitalizations and in‐hospital deaths. We performed a meta‐analysis of influenza‐associated hospitalizations and in‐hospital deaths.Main outcome measuresThe highest annual incidence was observed among children aged <5 years (136 influenza‐associated hospitalizations per 100 000 persons).ResultsAnnually, 7 625–11 289 influenza‐associated hospitalizations and 352–594 deaths occurred in the subregion.ConclusionsOur results suggest that a substantive number of persons are annually hospitalized because of influenza. Health officials should estimate how many illnesses could be averted through increased influenza vaccin...
International journal of environmental research and public health, Jan 15, 2014
Leptospirosis is an epidemic-prone zoonotic disease that occurs worldwide, with more than 500,000... more Leptospirosis is an epidemic-prone zoonotic disease that occurs worldwide, with more than 500,000 human cases reported annually. It is influenced by environmental and socioeconomic factors that affect the occurrence of outbreaks and the incidence of the disease. Critical areas and potential drivers for leptospirosis outbreaks have been identified in Nicaragua, where several conditions converge and create an appropriate scenario for the development of leptospirosis. The objectives of this study were to explore possible socioeconomic variables related to leptospirosis critical areas and to construct and validate a vulnerability index based on municipal socioeconomic indicators. Municipalities with lower socioeconomic status (greater unsatisfied basic needs for quality of the household and for sanitary services, and higher extreme poverty and illiteracy rates) were identified with the highest leptospirosis rates. The municipalities with highest local vulnerability index should be the p...
N-Acetylmannosamine (ManNAc) is the first committed intermediate in sialic acid metabolism. Thus,... more N-Acetylmannosamine (ManNAc) is the first committed intermediate in sialic acid metabolism. Thus, the mechanisms that control intracellular ManNAc levels are important regulators of sialic acid production. In prokaryotic organisms, UDP-N-acetylglucosamine (GlcNAc) 2-epimerase and GlcNAc-6-P 2-epimerase are two enzymes capable of generating ManNAc from UDP-GlcNAc and GlcNAc-6-P, respectively. We have purified for the first time native GlcNAc-6-P 2-epimerase from bacterial source to apparent homogeneity (1 200 fold) using Butyl-agarose, DEAE-FPLC and Mannose-6-P-agarose chromatography. By SDS/PAGE the pure enzyme showed a molecular mass of 38.4 +/- 0.2 kDa. The maximum activity was achieved at pH 7.8 and 37 degrees C. Under these conditions, the K(m) calculated for GlcNAc-6-P was 1.5 mM. The 2-epimerase activity was activated by Na(+) and inhibited by mannose-6-P but not mannose-1-P. Genetic analysis revealed high homology with bacterial isomerases. GlcNAc-6-P 2-epimerase from E. coli...
International journal of environmental research and public health, 2014
Leptospirosis is an epidemic-prone zoonotic disease that occurs worldwide, with more than 500,000... more Leptospirosis is an epidemic-prone zoonotic disease that occurs worldwide, with more than 500,000 human cases reported annually. It is influenced by environmental and socioeconomic factors that affect the occurrence of outbreaks and the incidence of the disease. Critical areas and potential drivers for leptospirosis outbreaks have been identified in Nicaragua, where several conditions converge and create an appropriate scenario for the development of leptospirosis. The objectives of this study were to explore possible socioeconomic variables related to leptospirosis critical areas and to construct and validate a vulnerability index based on municipal socioeconomic indicators. Municipalities with lower socioeconomic status (greater unsatisfied basic needs for quality of the household and for sanitary services, and higher extreme poverty and illiteracy rates) were identified with the highest leptospirosis rates. The municipalities with highest local vulnerability index should be the p...
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Papers by Carlos Sáenz