ABSTRACT Cited By (since 1996):24, Export Date: 2 May 2013, Source: Scopus, :doi 10.1175/1525-754... more ABSTRACT Cited By (since 1996):24, Export Date: 2 May 2013, Source: Scopus, :doi 10.1175/1525-7541(2003)004<0544:RMIRF>2.0.CO;2, Language of Original Document: English, Correspondence Address: Ferraris, L.; CIMA, DIAM, University of Genoa, Via Cadorna 7, Savona I-17100, Italy; email: lf@cima.unige.it, References: Balmforth, N.J., Provenzale, A., Spiegel, E.A., Martens, M., Tresser, C., Wu, C.W., Red spectra from white and blue noise (1999) Proc. Roy. Soc. London, 266 B, pp. 311-315;
ABSTRACT Soil moisture plays a fundamental role in the partitioning of mass and energy fluxes bet... more ABSTRACT Soil moisture plays a fundamental role in the partitioning of mass and energy fluxes between land surface and atmosphere, thereby influencing climate and weather, and it is important in determining the rainfall-runoff response of catchments; moreover, in hydrological modelling and flood forecasting, a correct definition of moisture conditions is a key factor for accurate predictions. Different sources of information for the estimation of the soil moisture state are currently available: satellite data, point measurements and model predictions. All are affected by intrinsic uncertainty. Among different satellite sensors that can be used for soil moisture estimation three major groups can be distinguished: passive microwave sensors (e.g., SSMI), active sensors (e.g. SAR, Scatterometers), and optical sensors (e.g. Spectroradiometers). The last two families, mainly because of their temporal and spatial resolution seem the most suitable for hydrological applications In this work soil moisture point measurements from 10 sensors in the Italian territory are compared of with the satellite products both from the HSAF project SM-OBS-2, derived from the ASCAT scatterometer, and from ACHAB, an operative energy balance model that assimilate LST data derived from MSG and furnishes daily an evaporative fraction index related to soil moisture content for all the Italian region. Distributed comparison of the ACHAB and SM-OBS-2 on the whole Italian territory are performed too.
Models mimicking snow evolution can be developed for several purposes: water management, avalanch... more Models mimicking snow evolution can be developed for several purposes: water management, avalanches forecasting, energy fluxes estimation in meteorological and climatological models. The degree of complexity of these models range from simple index methods to physical multilayer models. Each of them can be a good choice for a specific task. The goal of this work is to understand the behavior of different models that are operative in Valle d'Aosta region during both the melting and the accumulation periods with the final aim of identifying advantages and weaknesses for their in estimating Snow Water Equivalent from point to regional scale. The performances of the model are evaluated at a point scale on a very monitored site (Torgnon) performing a set of experiments that gradually degrade the inputs: starting from a configuration that feeds the model with all the observed variables until a configuration that uses input from interpolated fields and climate models analyses.
Geoscience and Remote Sensing IEEE International Symposium, 2010
This paper describes a data assimilation method that uses observations of snow covered area and s... more This paper describes a data assimilation method that uses observations of snow covered area and snow gauges measurements to update a simple hydrological model. The assimilation method uses snow gauges and snow cover area information as part of a nudging scheme to modify the modeled distribution of snow and the snow water equivalent state. This method permits an optimal combination
ABSTRACT Cited By (since 1996):24, Export Date: 2 May 2013, Source: Scopus, :doi 10.1175/1525-754... more ABSTRACT Cited By (since 1996):24, Export Date: 2 May 2013, Source: Scopus, :doi 10.1175/1525-7541(2003)004<0544:RMIRF>2.0.CO;2, Language of Original Document: English, Correspondence Address: Ferraris, L.; CIMA, DIAM, University of Genoa, Via Cadorna 7, Savona I-17100, Italy; email: lf@cima.unige.it, References: Balmforth, N.J., Provenzale, A., Spiegel, E.A., Martens, M., Tresser, C., Wu, C.W., Red spectra from white and blue noise (1999) Proc. Roy. Soc. London, 266 B, pp. 311-315;
ABSTRACT Soil moisture plays a fundamental role in the partitioning of mass and energy fluxes bet... more ABSTRACT Soil moisture plays a fundamental role in the partitioning of mass and energy fluxes between land surface and atmosphere, thereby influencing climate and weather, and it is important in determining the rainfall-runoff response of catchments; moreover, in hydrological modelling and flood forecasting, a correct definition of moisture conditions is a key factor for accurate predictions. Different sources of information for the estimation of the soil moisture state are currently available: satellite data, point measurements and model predictions. All are affected by intrinsic uncertainty. Among different satellite sensors that can be used for soil moisture estimation three major groups can be distinguished: passive microwave sensors (e.g., SSMI), active sensors (e.g. SAR, Scatterometers), and optical sensors (e.g. Spectroradiometers). The last two families, mainly because of their temporal and spatial resolution seem the most suitable for hydrological applications In this work soil moisture point measurements from 10 sensors in the Italian territory are compared of with the satellite products both from the HSAF project SM-OBS-2, derived from the ASCAT scatterometer, and from ACHAB, an operative energy balance model that assimilate LST data derived from MSG and furnishes daily an evaporative fraction index related to soil moisture content for all the Italian region. Distributed comparison of the ACHAB and SM-OBS-2 on the whole Italian territory are performed too.
Models mimicking snow evolution can be developed for several purposes: water management, avalanch... more Models mimicking snow evolution can be developed for several purposes: water management, avalanches forecasting, energy fluxes estimation in meteorological and climatological models. The degree of complexity of these models range from simple index methods to physical multilayer models. Each of them can be a good choice for a specific task. The goal of this work is to understand the behavior of different models that are operative in Valle d'Aosta region during both the melting and the accumulation periods with the final aim of identifying advantages and weaknesses for their in estimating Snow Water Equivalent from point to regional scale. The performances of the model are evaluated at a point scale on a very monitored site (Torgnon) performing a set of experiments that gradually degrade the inputs: starting from a configuration that feeds the model with all the observed variables until a configuration that uses input from interpolated fields and climate models analyses.
Geoscience and Remote Sensing IEEE International Symposium, 2010
This paper describes a data assimilation method that uses observations of snow covered area and s... more This paper describes a data assimilation method that uses observations of snow covered area and snow gauges measurements to update a simple hydrological model. The assimilation method uses snow gauges and snow cover area information as part of a nudging scheme to modify the modeled distribution of snow and the snow water equivalent state. This method permits an optimal combination
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