International Journal of Development and Conflict, 2015
We develop a two-period general equilibrium model linking natural resources to inter-country conf... more We develop a two-period general equilibrium model linking natural resources to inter-country conflict, treating resource extraction and wage rate are endogenous. First, we characterize the war equilibrium and derive a number of properties of it. Second, we examine the effects of different types of trade sanctions imposed by the international community on war efforts of the two countries. We find that a temporary current sanction on both countries, or even on one of the countries, will be counter-productive, and an anticipated future sanction on both countries will unambiguously reduce war intensity. Whether an anticipated future sanction on one of countries will reduce war intensity will depend on the level of resource stock; the effect of a permanent sanction on both countries is ambiguous: war intensities will fall only if the resource stocks of the countries are sufficiently high.
Environmental Policy in an International Perspective, 2003
Abstract: We construct a competitive general equilibrium model for a small open economy, which su... more Abstract: We construct a competitive general equilibrium model for a small open economy, which suffers from domestically production-generated pollution and as well as by cross-border pollution. Private producers and the country's public sector sequentially undertake ...
The nature of nicotine receptors in the carotid body was studied in anesthetized, paralyzed and a... more The nature of nicotine receptors in the carotid body was studied in anesthetized, paralyzed and artificially ventilated cats. Chemoreceptor discharge in single or few-fiber preparations of the carotid sinus nerve was measured during isocapnic hypoxia, hyperoxic hypercapnia and in response to nicotine injections before and after administration of alpha-bungarotoxin (10 cats) and after alpha-bungarotoxin plus mecamylamine (7 cats) which binds to neuromuscular-type nicotine cholinergic receptors. alpha-Bungarotoxin caused a slight enhancement of the chemoreceptor response to hypoxia without affecting the chemoreceptor stimulation by nicotine. Mecamylamine (1-5 mg, i.v.), a ganglionic-type nicotinic receptor blocker, had no further effect on the response to hypoxia while it completely abolished the chemoreceptor stimulation by nicotine. Thus the nicotinic receptors in the cat carotid body which elicit excitation of chemosensory fibers appear to be of the ganglionic-type. Blockade of neu...
Attempts have been made to assess as to what extent in vitro assay of cellular immunity, e.g. leu... more Attempts have been made to assess as to what extent in vitro assay of cellular immunity, e.g. leucocyte migration inhibition (LMI) in mice immunized with different freeze-thaw cycles could reflect host resistance in vivo. While survivability of animals improved significantly by immunization with single cycle (P < 0.05) to three cycle (P < 0.001) and programmed three cycle (P < 0.001) cryo-treated tumor cells compared to controls, the percentage LMI in the same groups of animals decreased progressively. The KCl(3M) extracted tumor cell protein (antigen) of both viable and cryo-treated cells showed a progressively increased protein concentrations per 1 x 10(6) tumor cells with viable cells being least and programmed three cycle cryo-treated cells highest. The apparent discrepancy observed between percentage migration inhibition and survivability may be due to the fact that (1) survivability is a function of body's total immune response while LMI represents the response of...
ABSTRACT We construct a two-good general equilibrium model of international trade for two small o... more ABSTRACT We construct a two-good general equilibrium model of international trade for two small open economies where pollution from production is transmitted across borders. Governments in both countries impose emission taxes non-cooperatively. Within this framework, we examine the effect of changes in the degree of cross-border pollution on Nash emission taxes, emission levels and welfare. We do so under two scenarios: when changes in cross-border pollution do not affect domestic pollution (non-strategic) and when they do (strategic). We also examine the effect of changes in international terms of trade on pollution and welfare when cross-border pollution is non-strategic.
ABSTRACT This paper develops a perfectly-competitive general-equilibrium model of a small open ec... more ABSTRACT This paper develops a perfectly-competitive general-equilibrium model of a small open economy with production of private traded goods and imports of a public good which is financed by a part of revenues from trade and domestic taxes. Within this framework we consider the effects on public good provision and on welfare of a number of different tax reforms: (i) a consumer-price-neutral reduction in tariffs and a corresponding increase in consumption taxes, (ii) a producer-price-neutral reduction in export taxes and increase in production taxes, (iii) a piecemeal reform in tariffs, and (iv) a partial tax-revenue-neutral reform in tariffs and consumption taxes.
International Journal of Development and Conflict, 2015
We develop a two-period general equilibrium model linking natural resources to inter-country conf... more We develop a two-period general equilibrium model linking natural resources to inter-country conflict, treating resource extraction and wage rate are endogenous. First, we characterize the war equilibrium and derive a number of properties of it. Second, we examine the effects of different types of trade sanctions imposed by the international community on war efforts of the two countries. We find that a temporary current sanction on both countries, or even on one of the countries, will be counter-productive, and an anticipated future sanction on both countries will unambiguously reduce war intensity. Whether an anticipated future sanction on one of countries will reduce war intensity will depend on the level of resource stock; the effect of a permanent sanction on both countries is ambiguous: war intensities will fall only if the resource stocks of the countries are sufficiently high.
Environmental Policy in an International Perspective, 2003
Abstract: We construct a competitive general equilibrium model for a small open economy, which su... more Abstract: We construct a competitive general equilibrium model for a small open economy, which suffers from domestically production-generated pollution and as well as by cross-border pollution. Private producers and the country&amp;amp;#x27;s public sector sequentially undertake ...
The nature of nicotine receptors in the carotid body was studied in anesthetized, paralyzed and a... more The nature of nicotine receptors in the carotid body was studied in anesthetized, paralyzed and artificially ventilated cats. Chemoreceptor discharge in single or few-fiber preparations of the carotid sinus nerve was measured during isocapnic hypoxia, hyperoxic hypercapnia and in response to nicotine injections before and after administration of alpha-bungarotoxin (10 cats) and after alpha-bungarotoxin plus mecamylamine (7 cats) which binds to neuromuscular-type nicotine cholinergic receptors. alpha-Bungarotoxin caused a slight enhancement of the chemoreceptor response to hypoxia without affecting the chemoreceptor stimulation by nicotine. Mecamylamine (1-5 mg, i.v.), a ganglionic-type nicotinic receptor blocker, had no further effect on the response to hypoxia while it completely abolished the chemoreceptor stimulation by nicotine. Thus the nicotinic receptors in the cat carotid body which elicit excitation of chemosensory fibers appear to be of the ganglionic-type. Blockade of neu...
Attempts have been made to assess as to what extent in vitro assay of cellular immunity, e.g. leu... more Attempts have been made to assess as to what extent in vitro assay of cellular immunity, e.g. leucocyte migration inhibition (LMI) in mice immunized with different freeze-thaw cycles could reflect host resistance in vivo. While survivability of animals improved significantly by immunization with single cycle (P < 0.05) to three cycle (P < 0.001) and programmed three cycle (P < 0.001) cryo-treated tumor cells compared to controls, the percentage LMI in the same groups of animals decreased progressively. The KCl(3M) extracted tumor cell protein (antigen) of both viable and cryo-treated cells showed a progressively increased protein concentrations per 1 x 10(6) tumor cells with viable cells being least and programmed three cycle cryo-treated cells highest. The apparent discrepancy observed between percentage migration inhibition and survivability may be due to the fact that (1) survivability is a function of body's total immune response while LMI represents the response of...
ABSTRACT We construct a two-good general equilibrium model of international trade for two small o... more ABSTRACT We construct a two-good general equilibrium model of international trade for two small open economies where pollution from production is transmitted across borders. Governments in both countries impose emission taxes non-cooperatively. Within this framework, we examine the effect of changes in the degree of cross-border pollution on Nash emission taxes, emission levels and welfare. We do so under two scenarios: when changes in cross-border pollution do not affect domestic pollution (non-strategic) and when they do (strategic). We also examine the effect of changes in international terms of trade on pollution and welfare when cross-border pollution is non-strategic.
ABSTRACT This paper develops a perfectly-competitive general-equilibrium model of a small open ec... more ABSTRACT This paper develops a perfectly-competitive general-equilibrium model of a small open economy with production of private traded goods and imports of a public good which is financed by a part of revenues from trade and domestic taxes. Within this framework we consider the effects on public good provision and on welfare of a number of different tax reforms: (i) a consumer-price-neutral reduction in tariffs and a corresponding increase in consumption taxes, (ii) a producer-price-neutral reduction in export taxes and increase in production taxes, (iii) a piecemeal reform in tariffs, and (iv) a partial tax-revenue-neutral reform in tariffs and consumption taxes.
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Papers by S. Lahiri