Samir Abuzaid

In the classical view, the final particles (the indivisible identical atoms) are endowed with the power of attracting other bodies. On the other hand, we know today that subatomic particles are endowed with irreducible randomness (Von Neumann, 1955, and others ) that gives rise to the probabilistic wavefunction. Hence, if we adopt the classical fundamental postulate of the final particle, such particles, as subatomic, should be also endowed with the power of irreducible randomness. As a consequence, the final particle becomes a unified Classical/Quantum postulate in which it becomes endowed with both of random motion and gravitational effects. These dual features allow us to represent the forces of Gravity, from one side, and the random nature of the wavefunction, from the other, on the basis of a unified fundamental postulate.

Based on our detailed study of the knowledge system of the Arab/Islamic civilization on both the historical and conceptual levels (Abuzaid, 2008 and 2009), we present a short review of the basic elements of such a system. The term knowledge (Ilm) is presented in such a system as a holistic concept that is to be specified to one of the three basic domains: scientific, philosophical and religious. Thus, we have "naturalistic and humanistic knowledge(s)", in plural, based on empirical evidence to express the terms 'natural sciences' and 'human sciences'; "wisdom knowledge(s)", based on logical inference to express philosophy, and "religious knowledge(s)" to express dealing with religious topics on the basis of belief and faith. These three basic domains are not completely separated from each other, however, at the same time they are not conflated or defused, neither conceptually nor methodologically. The basic tool that is usually implemented to achieve such a situation is the separation/connection methodology. In such a methodology, separation is implemented on the level of the topic or the object of study not on the whole subject area or the domain of knowledge. Therefore, one and the same topic (for example the nature of life) can be considered scientific, philosophical or religious without conflating the three domains of the study. This is done through advancing a connecting relation between the two sub-topics that belong to two basic domains of inquiry, mainly the rational (including the scientific) and the religious ones. The basic function of such a move is to prevent dealing with rational or scientific topics using religious terms/methodologies, as well as preventing dealing with religious topics using exclusively rational or scientific terms/methodologies. Therefore, such a method consists of three steps: 1) clear definition of the topic and analyzing it into two sub-topics; 2) constructing the connecting relation between the two sub-topics; 3) dealing with each sub-topic through its proper methodology while respecting the validity of the connecting relation. Hence, the connecting relation is viewed as the creative part; advancing the correct and realistic concept as a connecting relation leads to fruitful results of the method. This is in contrast to the European modernist view in which philosophy, based on logic, dominates both religion and science, formulating the well known principle of subject/object divide. However, new voices in the West are trying to challenge such a thesis (ex. Putnam, the collapse of the fact/value dichotomy, 2002). This situation resulted in the appearance of the concept of belief in such three basic domains. Hence, we witness today scientific views that are based on 'scientific' belief (such as other universes), philosophical belief (such as different consciousness theories), and different religious beliefs. Consequently, the separation/connection methodology can be viewed as one of the possible contra theses of the modernist subject/object divide that dominated western thought, and as such is not in contradiction with contemporary human multicultural scientific/philosophical thought.

The question of unifying the classical and the quantum realms, from one side, and the force of gravity with the other three fundamental forces, from another side, is still open [3, preface]. The continuing unfruitful efforts to achieve such a task through unification of the general relativity GR with quantum mechanics QM has led to a growing support for the idea of the existence of an underlying level of reality that unifies both realms [13, p. 263-272 ].

Based on our detailed study of the knowledge system of the Arab/Islamic civilization on both the historical and conceptual levels (Abuzaid, 2008 and 2009), we present a short review of the basic elements of such a system. The term knowledge (Ilm) is presented in such a system as a holistic concept that is to be specified to one of the three basic domains: scientific, philosophical and religious. Thus, we have "naturalistic and humanistic knowledge(s)", in plural, based on empirical evidence to express the terms 'natural sciences' and 'human sciences'; "wisdom knowledge(s)", based on logical inference to express philosophy, and "religious knowledge(s)" to express dealing with religious topics on the basis of belief and faith.
These three basic domains are not completely separated from each other, however, at the same time they are not conflated or defused, neither conceptually nor methodologically.
The basic tool that is usually implemented to achieve such a situation is the separation/connection methodology. In such a methodology, separation is implemented on the level of the topic or the object of study not on the whole subject area or the domain of knowledge. Therefore, one and the same topic (for example the nature of life) can be considered scientific, philosophical or religious without conflating the three domains of the study. This is done through advancing a connecting relation between the two sub-topics that belong to two basic domains of inquiry, mainly the rational (including the scientific) and the religious ones. The basic function of such a move is to prevent dealing with rational or scientific topics using religious terms/methodologies, as well as preventing dealing with religious topics using exclusively rational or scientific terms/methodologies.
Therefore, such a method consists of three steps: 1) clear definition of the topic and analyzing it into two sub-topics; 2) constructing the connecting relation between the two sub-topics; 3) dealing with each sub-topic through its proper methodology while respecting the validity of the connecting relation. Hence, the connecting relation is viewed as the creative part; advancing the correct and realistic concept as a connecting relation leads to fruitful results of the method.
This is in contrast to the European modernist view in which philosophy, based on logic, dominates both religion and science, formulating the well known principle of subject/object divide. However, new voices in the West are trying to challenge such a thesis (ex. Putnam, the collapse of the fact/value dichotomy, 2002). This situation resulted in the appearance of the concept of belief in such three basic domains.  Hence, we witness today scientific views that are based on 'scientific' belief (such as other universes), philosophical belief (such as different consciousness theories), and different religious beliefs.     
Consequently, the separation/connection methodology can be viewed as one of the possible contra theses of the modernist subject/object divide that dominated western thought, and as such is not in contradiction with contemporary human multicultural scientific/philosophical thought.

We propose to simplify the problem of the unified theory of Quantum-Gravity through dealing first with the simple case of non-relativistic equations of Gravity and Quantum Mechanics. We show that unification of the two non-relativistic formalisms can be achieved through the joined classical and Quantum postulate that every natural body is composed of N identical final particles. This includes the current 'elementary' particles of the standard model such as quarks, photons, gluons, etc. Furthermore, we show that this opens a new route toward a Generalized Equation of Quantum-Gravity that takes the effects of both of velocity and acceleration into account.