Pompeii, buried by the explosive A.D. 79 eruption of Somma-Vesuvius, is one of the most studied a... more Pompeii, buried by the explosive A.D. 79 eruption of Somma-Vesuvius, is one of the most studied ancient cities in the Roman world. However, until very recently, the rural settlement in its hinterland had been largely ignored by systematic archaeological research. The ancient landscape around Pompeii consisted of a dense network of Roman farms (villae rusticae). They are believed to have played a vital role in ancient rural life and economy and thus represented the interactive rural–urban relationship in the Sarno River plain. The systematic investigation of published work combined with new fieldwork has yielded a data set of 140 villae rusticae in the Sarno River plain. Geographic information system based spatial statistics as well as predictive modeling were applied to gain a more detailed understanding of the ancient rural settlement structure in relation to the underlying paleoenvironmental and socioeconomic conditions. A high-resolution pre-A.D. 79 paleolandscape model of the Sarno River plain was utilized. The aim of this paper is to address theoretical considerations, the methodological implementation, and the archaeological discussion of the analysis of the ancient rural settlements and agriculture around Pompeii. (C) 2016 Wiley Periodicals, Inc.
Bei kürzlich in Pompeji unternommenen stratigraphischen Grabungen wurde ein Komplex von Wandputzf... more Bei kürzlich in Pompeji unternommenen stratigraphischen Grabungen wurde ein Komplex von Wandputzfragmenten geborgen, die in der pompejanischen Malerei bisher völlig unbekannte Formen und Darstellungen aufweisen. Zum einen gehören die Fragmente zu Wandverkleidungen mit figürlichen Friesen und Zahnschnittgesimsen, deren Formen in Malerei imitiert und mit illusionistischen Effekten gesteigert wurden, zum anderen zu einer mit malerischen Mitteln täuschend echt nachgeahmten Kassettendecke aus verschiedenartigen Hölzern, verziert mit Ornamentleisten. Die in das ausgehende 3. oder beginnende 2. Jahrhundert v. Chr. zu datierenden Dekorationen lassen Einflüsse hellenistisch-italischer Kunstströme, insbesondere aber Muster etruskischer Grabmalerei erkennen, die einen neuen Akzent zu der aktuellen Frage nach den Vorbildern der hellenistischen Malerei in Pompeji hinzufügen. In dem Beitrag wird das Material zum ersten Mal exemplarisch vorgestellt, werden Herkunft und kultureller Kontext dieser i...
During the Plinian eruption of Somma-Vesuvius in AD 79 almost the entire Sarno River Plain (Campa... more During the Plinian eruption of Somma-Vesuvius in AD 79 almost the entire Sarno River Plain (Campania, Italy) was more or less instantly covered by thick volcanic deposits. This contributed to a good preservation of the palaeo-surface and the palaeo-environmental conditions before AD 79. Since the AD 79 volcanic deposits can be clearly distinguished from other stratigraphic layers they can be considered as a chronostratigraphic marker for identifying the pre-AD 79 palaeo-surface in the Sarno River Plain. The objective of this geoarchaeological study was to reconstruct the pre-AD 79 topography and selected palaeo-environmental features of the Sarno River Plain by modelling the thickness of the post-AD 79 deposits. Thus a methodology was developed that is based on an extensive dataset of stratigraphic information, a high-resolution present-day digital elevation model (DEM) and a classification and regression tree approach.
Short abstract Pompeii is one of the most studied ancient cities in the Roman world. However, its... more Short abstract Pompeii is one of the most studied ancient cities in the Roman world. However, its hinterland, which was densely populated by rural settlements, is a widely uncharted region. Roman farms (villae rusticae) are representative of rural settlement and agricultural production in Roman and pre-Roman times. From the literature and own field work we have generated a dataset of a total of about 150 villae rusticae. Their geographical location was digitised and georeferenced using geographic information systems (GIS). First insights on the organization of villae rusticae in the Sarno River plain are to be revealed by spatial analysis based on GIS and spatial statistics. Extended abstract Pompeii, buried by the eruption of Somma-Vesuvius in AD 79 and excavated for more than 260 years, is one of the most studied and best known ancient cities in the Roman world. Until today the archaeological research activity in that area has been particularly focused on the urban settlements lik...
In a geoarchaeological research project the ancient cultural landscape around Pompeii is being re... more In a geoarchaeological research project the ancient cultural landscape around Pompeii is being reconstructed before the volcanic eruption of Somma-Vesuvius in AD 79. In a first phase the pre-AD 79 topography and paleo-environmental conditions were modelled using an inductively-derived predictive model based on stratigraphical data, digital elevation models and decision trees. These paleo-conditions are the basis for further detailed geoarchaeological research concerning the interactive human-environment relationship in the pre-Roman and Roman period. Within the framework of an exhibition of the State Museum for Prehistory in Halle (Germany), entitled 'Pompeii, Nola, Herculaneum – Disasters at Mount Vesuvius' our research project was presented in a 5 minute 3D computer animation. In this paper we illustrate the realization process of this animation. We emphasize on the conceptual design, the technical implementation and some unexpected methodological problems that arose espec...
Pompeii, buried by the explosive A.D. 79 eruption of Somma-Vesuvius, is one of the most studied a... more Pompeii, buried by the explosive A.D. 79 eruption of Somma-Vesuvius, is one of the most studied ancient cities in the Roman world. However, until very recently, the rural settlement in its hinterland had been largely ignored by systematic archaeological research. The ancient landscape around Pompeii consisted of a dense network of Roman farms (villae rusticae). They are believed to have played a vital role in ancient rural life and economy and thus represented the interactive rural–urban relationship in the Sarno River plain. The systematic investigation of published work combined with new fieldwork has yielded a data set of 140 villae rusticae in the Sarno River plain. Geographic information system based spatial statistics as well as predictive modeling were applied to gain a more detailed understanding of the ancient rural settlement structure in relation to the underlying paleoenvironmental and socioeconomic conditions. A high-resolution pre-A.D. 79 paleolandscape model of the Sarno River plain was utilized. The aim of this paper is to address theoretical considerations, the methodological implementation, and the archaeological discussion of the analysis of the ancient rural settlements and agriculture around Pompeii. (C) 2016 Wiley Periodicals, Inc.
Bei kürzlich in Pompeji unternommenen stratigraphischen Grabungen wurde ein Komplex von Wandputzf... more Bei kürzlich in Pompeji unternommenen stratigraphischen Grabungen wurde ein Komplex von Wandputzfragmenten geborgen, die in der pompejanischen Malerei bisher völlig unbekannte Formen und Darstellungen aufweisen. Zum einen gehören die Fragmente zu Wandverkleidungen mit figürlichen Friesen und Zahnschnittgesimsen, deren Formen in Malerei imitiert und mit illusionistischen Effekten gesteigert wurden, zum anderen zu einer mit malerischen Mitteln täuschend echt nachgeahmten Kassettendecke aus verschiedenartigen Hölzern, verziert mit Ornamentleisten. Die in das ausgehende 3. oder beginnende 2. Jahrhundert v. Chr. zu datierenden Dekorationen lassen Einflüsse hellenistisch-italischer Kunstströme, insbesondere aber Muster etruskischer Grabmalerei erkennen, die einen neuen Akzent zu der aktuellen Frage nach den Vorbildern der hellenistischen Malerei in Pompeji hinzufügen. In dem Beitrag wird das Material zum ersten Mal exemplarisch vorgestellt, werden Herkunft und kultureller Kontext dieser i...
During the Plinian eruption of Somma-Vesuvius in AD 79 almost the entire Sarno River Plain (Campa... more During the Plinian eruption of Somma-Vesuvius in AD 79 almost the entire Sarno River Plain (Campania, Italy) was more or less instantly covered by thick volcanic deposits. This contributed to a good preservation of the palaeo-surface and the palaeo-environmental conditions before AD 79. Since the AD 79 volcanic deposits can be clearly distinguished from other stratigraphic layers they can be considered as a chronostratigraphic marker for identifying the pre-AD 79 palaeo-surface in the Sarno River Plain. The objective of this geoarchaeological study was to reconstruct the pre-AD 79 topography and selected palaeo-environmental features of the Sarno River Plain by modelling the thickness of the post-AD 79 deposits. Thus a methodology was developed that is based on an extensive dataset of stratigraphic information, a high-resolution present-day digital elevation model (DEM) and a classification and regression tree approach.
Short abstract Pompeii is one of the most studied ancient cities in the Roman world. However, its... more Short abstract Pompeii is one of the most studied ancient cities in the Roman world. However, its hinterland, which was densely populated by rural settlements, is a widely uncharted region. Roman farms (villae rusticae) are representative of rural settlement and agricultural production in Roman and pre-Roman times. From the literature and own field work we have generated a dataset of a total of about 150 villae rusticae. Their geographical location was digitised and georeferenced using geographic information systems (GIS). First insights on the organization of villae rusticae in the Sarno River plain are to be revealed by spatial analysis based on GIS and spatial statistics. Extended abstract Pompeii, buried by the eruption of Somma-Vesuvius in AD 79 and excavated for more than 260 years, is one of the most studied and best known ancient cities in the Roman world. Until today the archaeological research activity in that area has been particularly focused on the urban settlements lik...
In a geoarchaeological research project the ancient cultural landscape around Pompeii is being re... more In a geoarchaeological research project the ancient cultural landscape around Pompeii is being reconstructed before the volcanic eruption of Somma-Vesuvius in AD 79. In a first phase the pre-AD 79 topography and paleo-environmental conditions were modelled using an inductively-derived predictive model based on stratigraphical data, digital elevation models and decision trees. These paleo-conditions are the basis for further detailed geoarchaeological research concerning the interactive human-environment relationship in the pre-Roman and Roman period. Within the framework of an exhibition of the State Museum for Prehistory in Halle (Germany), entitled 'Pompeii, Nola, Herculaneum – Disasters at Mount Vesuvius' our research project was presented in a 5 minute 3D computer animation. In this paper we illustrate the realization process of this animation. We emphasize on the conceptual design, the technical implementation and some unexpected methodological problems that arose espec...
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