Water science and technology : a journal of the International Association on Water Pollution Research, 2014
The present work addresses the preparation of the effluent from a full-scale upflow anaerobic slu... more The present work addresses the preparation of the effluent from a full-scale upflow anaerobic sludge blanket (UASB) reactor for drip irrigation of orange crops. The pilot plant included a lamella plate clarifier followed by a geo-textile blanket filter and a UV disinfection reactor. The clarifier operated with a surface load of 115 m(3)m(-2)d(-1), whereas the filter operated with 10 m(3)m(-2)d(-1). The UV reactor was an open-channel type and the effective dose was approximately 2.8 W h m(-3). The effluent of the UASB reactor received 0.5 mg L(-1) cationic polyelectrolyte before entering the high-rate clarifier. Suspended solids' concentrations and Escherichia coli and helminth egg's densities were monitored throughout the treatment system for 12 months. Results showed that the total suspended solids concentration in the filter effluent was lower than 7 mg L(-1) and helminth density was below 1.0 egg L(-1). The UV disinfection demonstrated the ability to produce a final efflu...
... de ovos de helmintos, eo tratamento físico-químico demonstra ser uma barreira eficiente na re... more ... de ovos de helmintos, eo tratamento físico-químico demonstra ser uma barreira eficiente na remoção dos ovos de helmintos, que são considerados como um dos principais responsáveis pelos riscos sanitários no reuso de efluentes segundo a literatura (Bradley, 1981; OMS ...
To describe sanitary, social and environmental conditions that are significant for health of resi... more To describe sanitary, social and environmental conditions that are significant for health of residents in the Iauaretê Indigenous Area in Brazilian Amazonia, notable for its population concentration. Qualitative and quantitative methodologies were used, with the action research method deployed mainly for qualitative approaches, through community meetings with tribespeople and researchers in the villages constituting the hub of the Area. Talking maps were prepared and interviews were conducted, together with studies of solid wastes disposal techniques, in addition to locating, sampling and analyzing the quality of water used for human consumption, in parallel to the use of geo-referencing techniques. Of the 65 water samples analyzed, 89.2% presented fecal coliforms, with no adequate sanitary solutions found for the disposal of solid wastes. From the public health standpoint, the sanitary practices of these indigenous peoples caused concern, clashing with their own relative knowledge....
... Rios I ; Silvana Audrá Cutolo II ; Leandro Luiz Giatti III ; Mário de Castro IV ; Aristides A... more ... Rios I ; Silvana Audrá Cutolo II ; Leandro Luiz Giatti III ; Mário de Castro IV ; Aristides AlmeidaRocha V ; Renata ... Já a vila São Pedro foi a que apresentou a maior porcentagem de indivíduos com esse parasito dentre os ... ANDRELLO, GL; BUCHILLET, D.;AZEVEDO, M. (Coord.). ...
... A produção cafeeira ultrapassou a região de Campinas com destino ao oeste paulista, contribui... more ... A produção cafeeira ultrapassou a região de Campinas com destino ao oeste paulista, contribuindo para a construção de estradas de ferro, sendo que a primeira interligava a cidade de São Paulo ao porto de Santos (SCHIFFER, 1999). ...
RESumO: O tratamento de esgotos de pequenas cidades por lagoas de estabilização é uma maneira sim... more RESumO: O tratamento de esgotos de pequenas cidades por lagoas de estabilização é uma maneira simples, eficiente e de baixo custo. Os esgotos são uma fonte de contaminação das águas e solos e, conseqüentemente, contribuem para a transmissão de doenças, além de serem uma ameaça à preservação do meio ambiente. Surge a necessidade de investigar as condições dos efluentes lançados
The purpose of this work is to analyze the parasitological risks of treated wastewater reuse from... more The purpose of this work is to analyze the parasitological risks of treated wastewater reuse from a stabilization pond in the city of Piracicaba, in the State of São Paulo (Brazil), and the level of treatment required to protect public health. Samples were taken from raw and treated wastewater in stabilization ponds and submitted to a parasitological, microbiological and physicochemical analysis. The study revealed on treated wastewater the presence of Ascaris sp. and Entamoeba coli with an average density of 1 cysts L(-1) and 6 eggs L(-1), respectively. For Ascaris, the annual risks of infection due to the accidental ingestion of wastewater irrigation were 7.5 × 10(-2) in 208 days and 8.7 × 10(-2) in 240 days. For Total Coliforms and Escherichia coli in treated wastewater, the average density was 1.0 × 10(5) MPN/100 ml and 2.7 × 10(4) MPN/100 ml respectively, representing 99% and 94% removal efficiency, respectively. For BOD, COD, TS and TSS removal efficiency was 69, 80, 50 and 71%, respectively. The removal efficiency for nitrogen; ammonia nitrogen and total phosphate was 24, 19 and 68%, respectively. The average density of helminths eggs in treated wastewater is higher compared to the density of the limit value of ≤1 egg L(-1) and tolerable risk is above the level recommended by the World Health Organization. Multiple barriers are necessary for the reduction of organic matter, chemical contaminants and parasites from treated wastewater. Standards for the sanitary control of treated wastewater to be reused in agricultural irrigation areas should be compiled for developing countries in order to minimize public health risks.
Wastewater reuse has become an important alternative to agricultural irrigation; on the other han... more Wastewater reuse has become an important alternative to agricultural irrigation; on the other hand, it poses concern with regard to public health. Total coliform and Escherichia coli concentration, presence of helminth eggs and Salmonella, and physical-chemical parameters were evaluated in raw and treated wastewater. Chemical and biochemical oxygen demand removal efficiency was 74.6 and 77.9%, respectively. As for organic nitrogen, total phosphorus, and total suspended solids, total efficiency removal was 17.4, 12.5, and 32.9%, respectively. The average density of total coliforms and E. coli was 3.5 x 10(9) and 1.8 x 10(8) MPN/100 mL and 1.1 x 10(7) MPN/100 mL and 3.9 x 10(5) MPN/100 mL for raw and treated wastewater, respectively. Ascaris eggs were observed in 80.8% of the samples collected, and viable eggs in 42.3% of the samples. Salmonella was detected in 36.4% of the samples. The values observed in treated wastewater did not show the adequate bacteriological quality, as recommended by World Health Organization (Geneva, Switzerland). Therefore, additional measures should be taken to achieve an improved microbiological and parasitological quality.
Management of Environmental Quality: An International Journal, 2006
Purpose – The goal of this paper is to detect helminth eggs in treated wastewater for sanitary co... more Purpose – The goal of this paper is to detect helminth eggs in treated wastewater for sanitary control, using them as biological indicators of wastewater quality. Design/methodology/approach – Samples were taken from the Municipal Wastewater Treatment Plant of the Metropolitan Area. To concentrate the samples, centrifugation-flotation on 33 percent zinc sulphate was applied. Findings – The study revealed the constant
International Journal of Environmental Health Research, 2013
Some epidemiologic studies conducted in developing countries demonstrated a high incidence of ent... more Some epidemiologic studies conducted in developing countries demonstrated a high incidence of enteroparasites, Ascaris sp. being the most prevalent. Therefore, the use of sewage sludge in agriculture may pose risks to human health. In order to protect public health, a Brazilian regulation has established standards regarding its use in rural areas. The objective of this study was to quantify Ascaris sp. and other helminth eggs in sewage sludge from five wastewater treatment plants from a dense metropolitan region, and also to check compliance with the law. The analysis was carried according to USEPA 2003 . A rich parasitological fauna was found, with a prevalence of the eggs of Ascaris sp. (9.55%). The samples analyzed presented a large variety of helminth eggs, and Ascaris sp. proved to be the most prevalent which put in evidence that its application poses public health concerns.
Water science and technology : a journal of the International Association on Water Pollution Research, 2014
The present work addresses the preparation of the effluent from a full-scale upflow anaerobic slu... more The present work addresses the preparation of the effluent from a full-scale upflow anaerobic sludge blanket (UASB) reactor for drip irrigation of orange crops. The pilot plant included a lamella plate clarifier followed by a geo-textile blanket filter and a UV disinfection reactor. The clarifier operated with a surface load of 115 m(3)m(-2)d(-1), whereas the filter operated with 10 m(3)m(-2)d(-1). The UV reactor was an open-channel type and the effective dose was approximately 2.8 W h m(-3). The effluent of the UASB reactor received 0.5 mg L(-1) cationic polyelectrolyte before entering the high-rate clarifier. Suspended solids' concentrations and Escherichia coli and helminth egg's densities were monitored throughout the treatment system for 12 months. Results showed that the total suspended solids concentration in the filter effluent was lower than 7 mg L(-1) and helminth density was below 1.0 egg L(-1). The UV disinfection demonstrated the ability to produce a final efflu...
... de ovos de helmintos, eo tratamento físico-químico demonstra ser uma barreira eficiente na re... more ... de ovos de helmintos, eo tratamento físico-químico demonstra ser uma barreira eficiente na remoção dos ovos de helmintos, que são considerados como um dos principais responsáveis pelos riscos sanitários no reuso de efluentes segundo a literatura (Bradley, 1981; OMS ...
To describe sanitary, social and environmental conditions that are significant for health of resi... more To describe sanitary, social and environmental conditions that are significant for health of residents in the Iauaretê Indigenous Area in Brazilian Amazonia, notable for its population concentration. Qualitative and quantitative methodologies were used, with the action research method deployed mainly for qualitative approaches, through community meetings with tribespeople and researchers in the villages constituting the hub of the Area. Talking maps were prepared and interviews were conducted, together with studies of solid wastes disposal techniques, in addition to locating, sampling and analyzing the quality of water used for human consumption, in parallel to the use of geo-referencing techniques. Of the 65 water samples analyzed, 89.2% presented fecal coliforms, with no adequate sanitary solutions found for the disposal of solid wastes. From the public health standpoint, the sanitary practices of these indigenous peoples caused concern, clashing with their own relative knowledge....
... Rios I ; Silvana Audrá Cutolo II ; Leandro Luiz Giatti III ; Mário de Castro IV ; Aristides A... more ... Rios I ; Silvana Audrá Cutolo II ; Leandro Luiz Giatti III ; Mário de Castro IV ; Aristides AlmeidaRocha V ; Renata ... Já a vila São Pedro foi a que apresentou a maior porcentagem de indivíduos com esse parasito dentre os ... ANDRELLO, GL; BUCHILLET, D.;AZEVEDO, M. (Coord.). ...
... A produção cafeeira ultrapassou a região de Campinas com destino ao oeste paulista, contribui... more ... A produção cafeeira ultrapassou a região de Campinas com destino ao oeste paulista, contribuindo para a construção de estradas de ferro, sendo que a primeira interligava a cidade de São Paulo ao porto de Santos (SCHIFFER, 1999). ...
RESumO: O tratamento de esgotos de pequenas cidades por lagoas de estabilização é uma maneira sim... more RESumO: O tratamento de esgotos de pequenas cidades por lagoas de estabilização é uma maneira simples, eficiente e de baixo custo. Os esgotos são uma fonte de contaminação das águas e solos e, conseqüentemente, contribuem para a transmissão de doenças, além de serem uma ameaça à preservação do meio ambiente. Surge a necessidade de investigar as condições dos efluentes lançados
The purpose of this work is to analyze the parasitological risks of treated wastewater reuse from... more The purpose of this work is to analyze the parasitological risks of treated wastewater reuse from a stabilization pond in the city of Piracicaba, in the State of São Paulo (Brazil), and the level of treatment required to protect public health. Samples were taken from raw and treated wastewater in stabilization ponds and submitted to a parasitological, microbiological and physicochemical analysis. The study revealed on treated wastewater the presence of Ascaris sp. and Entamoeba coli with an average density of 1 cysts L(-1) and 6 eggs L(-1), respectively. For Ascaris, the annual risks of infection due to the accidental ingestion of wastewater irrigation were 7.5 × 10(-2) in 208 days and 8.7 × 10(-2) in 240 days. For Total Coliforms and Escherichia coli in treated wastewater, the average density was 1.0 × 10(5) MPN/100 ml and 2.7 × 10(4) MPN/100 ml respectively, representing 99% and 94% removal efficiency, respectively. For BOD, COD, TS and TSS removal efficiency was 69, 80, 50 and 71%, respectively. The removal efficiency for nitrogen; ammonia nitrogen and total phosphate was 24, 19 and 68%, respectively. The average density of helminths eggs in treated wastewater is higher compared to the density of the limit value of ≤1 egg L(-1) and tolerable risk is above the level recommended by the World Health Organization. Multiple barriers are necessary for the reduction of organic matter, chemical contaminants and parasites from treated wastewater. Standards for the sanitary control of treated wastewater to be reused in agricultural irrigation areas should be compiled for developing countries in order to minimize public health risks.
Wastewater reuse has become an important alternative to agricultural irrigation; on the other han... more Wastewater reuse has become an important alternative to agricultural irrigation; on the other hand, it poses concern with regard to public health. Total coliform and Escherichia coli concentration, presence of helminth eggs and Salmonella, and physical-chemical parameters were evaluated in raw and treated wastewater. Chemical and biochemical oxygen demand removal efficiency was 74.6 and 77.9%, respectively. As for organic nitrogen, total phosphorus, and total suspended solids, total efficiency removal was 17.4, 12.5, and 32.9%, respectively. The average density of total coliforms and E. coli was 3.5 x 10(9) and 1.8 x 10(8) MPN/100 mL and 1.1 x 10(7) MPN/100 mL and 3.9 x 10(5) MPN/100 mL for raw and treated wastewater, respectively. Ascaris eggs were observed in 80.8% of the samples collected, and viable eggs in 42.3% of the samples. Salmonella was detected in 36.4% of the samples. The values observed in treated wastewater did not show the adequate bacteriological quality, as recommended by World Health Organization (Geneva, Switzerland). Therefore, additional measures should be taken to achieve an improved microbiological and parasitological quality.
Management of Environmental Quality: An International Journal, 2006
Purpose – The goal of this paper is to detect helminth eggs in treated wastewater for sanitary co... more Purpose – The goal of this paper is to detect helminth eggs in treated wastewater for sanitary control, using them as biological indicators of wastewater quality. Design/methodology/approach – Samples were taken from the Municipal Wastewater Treatment Plant of the Metropolitan Area. To concentrate the samples, centrifugation-flotation on 33 percent zinc sulphate was applied. Findings – The study revealed the constant
International Journal of Environmental Health Research, 2013
Some epidemiologic studies conducted in developing countries demonstrated a high incidence of ent... more Some epidemiologic studies conducted in developing countries demonstrated a high incidence of enteroparasites, Ascaris sp. being the most prevalent. Therefore, the use of sewage sludge in agriculture may pose risks to human health. In order to protect public health, a Brazilian regulation has established standards regarding its use in rural areas. The objective of this study was to quantify Ascaris sp. and other helminth eggs in sewage sludge from five wastewater treatment plants from a dense metropolitan region, and also to check compliance with the law. The analysis was carried according to USEPA 2003 . A rich parasitological fauna was found, with a prevalence of the eggs of Ascaris sp. (9.55%). The samples analyzed presented a large variety of helminth eggs, and Ascaris sp. proved to be the most prevalent which put in evidence that its application poses public health concerns.
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