Objectives: To grant an in vivo morphological knowledge of Molar Incisor Hypoplasia affected mola... more Objectives: To grant an in vivo morphological knowledge of Molar Incisor Hypoplasia affected molars supplemented by a new compound (CPP-ACP) containing bio-available calcium-phosphate ions deficient in hypomineralized tooth anomalies. Methods: Replica models for indirect SEM observation were taken before and after treatment. Ethical cusps biopsies from restorative bond molars were cut to confirm the replicas outcome. Polyvinilxyloxane impressions (n=30) developed in polyether and analyzed by SEM at different magnification (from 500X to 5.000X) were taken from permanent molars of children age 7/10 before and after home topical application of a casein-calcium-phosphate mousse. Cusps biopsies (n=10) of untreated elements were taken as control (T0) and after treatment at three different times (n=30) (T1; T2; T3) and analyzed by SEM/EDX at low and high magnification (1000 X - 20.000X). Results: SEM Replica: enamel porosities (T0), with aspects of crystallized sponge evolved after three y...
Objectives: to grant in vivo changes in morphology and mineral composition of porous, calcium-pho... more Objectives: to grant in vivo changes in morphology and mineral composition of porous, calcium-phosphate deficient MIH molar after supplementation with a recently introduced calcium-phosphate fluoride product (CPP-ACFP, MI Paste Plus™, GC Europe, Leuven, Belgium). The study wants to establish that the same results, which were obtained previously after 3 years of application, can be achieved in 6 months time by adding fluoride to the CPP-ACP product previously tested. Methods: n=10 enamel fragments from newly erupted MIH molar cusps after PEB (post-eruption break-down) were taken in children from 6 to 7 years old (T0). Other n=10 samples were taken after 6 months (T3) of applications, smearing a pea size of product 5 times a day. The fragments were analysed by ESEM-EDX at low and high magnification (500X, 5000X). Following the EDX analysis, n=2 samples were gold-sputter: T0 before treatment, T3 after six months. Finally, both samples were SEM analysed at 2000X, 5000X, 20000X magnifica...
Purpose: A previous study described the results of supplementation
by casein phospho-peptide-amor... more Purpose: A previous study described the results of supplementation by casein phospho-peptide-amorphous calcium phosphate (CPP-ACP) on hypomineralized enamel, as seen in Molar Incisor Hypomineralisation (MIH). A new product with added fluoride is now available. The aim of the study was to investigate the qualitative and quantitative effects of supplementation with a product containing CPP-ACP and NaF administered five times-a-day on recently erupted MIH molars over a period of six months. Methods and materials: Minimally invasive biopsies and their ESEM/EDX semi-quantitative peaks of elements present in affected enamel were evaluated. Micro-CT (CT) scanning of the same samples was performed for better quantification. SEM microphotographs at different magnifications were taken. Results: At six months of treatment, mineralization, density, porosity and morphology appeared markedly improved; the calcium and phosphate ratio was almost normal. Conclusion: Clinical exposure to CPP-ACP and NaF improved enamel morphology, mineralisation and density in MIH teeth in vivo. Keywords: Enamel; Micro-computed tomography; Scanning electron microscopy
Journal of applied biomaterials & biomechanics (JABB)
The aim of this study was to compare, through scanning electron microscope (SEM), the ability of ... more The aim of this study was to compare, through scanning electron microscope (SEM), the ability of four Ni-Ti rotary instrument systems in shaping root canal walls and their ability in removing smear layer and dentin debris. Forty-six extracted single-rooted human teeth were divided into four groups and prepared to size 35 (Alpha System, FlexMaster, MFile) or 30 (NRT files). Irrigation was carried out with NaOCl and EDTA. Three parameters were evaluated in the coronal, middle, and apical thirds of the root canals: smear layer morphology, pulpal-inorganic debris presence and surface profile morphology. Data were statistically analyzed using the Kruskal-Wallis test (ANOVA). None of the Ni-Ti rotary instrument systems resulted in being able to obtain constantly regular shaped surfaces in apical thirds, where smear layer, pulpal and inorganic debris were often present. NRT file specimens resulted in being relatively free from debris and smear layer and gained better results and scores at any canal level.
Objectives: To grant an in vivo morphological knowledge of Molar Incisor Hypoplasia affected mola... more Objectives: To grant an in vivo morphological knowledge of Molar Incisor Hypoplasia affected molars supplemented by a new compound (CPP-ACP) containing bio-available calcium-phosphate ions deficient in hypomineralized tooth anomalies. Methods: Replica models for indirect SEM observation were taken before and after treatment. Ethical cusps biopsies from restorative bond molars were cut to confirm the replicas outcome. Polyvinilxyloxane impressions (n=30) developed in polyether and analyzed by SEM at different magnification (from 500X to 5.000X) were taken from permanent molars of children age 7/10 before and after home topical application of a casein-calcium-phosphate mousse. Cusps biopsies (n=10) of untreated elements were taken as control (T0) and after treatment at three different times (n=30) (T1; T2; T3) and analyzed by SEM/EDX at low and high magnification (1000 X - 20.000X). Results: SEM Replica: enamel porosities (T0), with aspects of crystallized sponge evolved after three y...
Objectives: to grant in vivo changes in morphology and mineral composition of porous, calcium-pho... more Objectives: to grant in vivo changes in morphology and mineral composition of porous, calcium-phosphate deficient MIH molar after supplementation with a recently introduced calcium-phosphate fluoride product (CPP-ACFP, MI Paste Plus™, GC Europe, Leuven, Belgium). The study wants to establish that the same results, which were obtained previously after 3 years of application, can be achieved in 6 months time by adding fluoride to the CPP-ACP product previously tested. Methods: n=10 enamel fragments from newly erupted MIH molar cusps after PEB (post-eruption break-down) were taken in children from 6 to 7 years old (T0). Other n=10 samples were taken after 6 months (T3) of applications, smearing a pea size of product 5 times a day. The fragments were analysed by ESEM-EDX at low and high magnification (500X, 5000X). Following the EDX analysis, n=2 samples were gold-sputter: T0 before treatment, T3 after six months. Finally, both samples were SEM analysed at 2000X, 5000X, 20000X magnifica...
1) To test a new perfusion device able to alternate demineralizing/nondemineralizing solutions, a... more 1) To test a new perfusion device able to alternate demineralizing/nondemineralizing solutions, as an acid attack system, and 2) to standardize the dentin demineralization procedure, in order to define the in vitro secondary caries inhibiting potential of different restorative materials. A fluoride-containing adhesive/composite resin (group A), an experimental adhesive/composite resin (group B), and a glass-ionomer cement (group C) were used to restore 24 Class II cavities in extracted molars. Optimal conditions to obtain dentin demineralization inside the perfusion device were identified and applied to restored teeth. Dentin demineralization after perfusion was analyzed by microradiography. The output parameters were lesion morphology, dentin mineral volume percentage, and integrated mineral loss (Delta Z, % volume x microm) of the exposed (outer lesions) and marginal (inner lesions or caries inhibition zones, CIZs) dentin. Demineralization increased as follows: group A < group ...
X-linked hypophosphatemia (XLH) is a genetic disorder related to alterations in bones and teeth f... more X-linked hypophosphatemia (XLH) is a genetic disorder related to alterations in bones and teeth formation, due to low levels of phosphate in blood. Oral findings in XLH have been enamel and dentine abnormalities, high pulp horns, large pulp chambers, and some cases of periapical abscesses related to teeth without caries or traumatic injuries. The aim of our study was to assess the presence of enamel alterations, such as microclefts and/or structure defects in patients with XLH and give guidelines of prevention of XLH dental complications. History taking, oral clinical and radiological examination in 10 young patients affected by XLH (average age of 9) and in 6 patients without XLH (average age of 8). Impressions were performed on the vestibular surfaces of teeth in order to obtain replicas. The replicas were analyzed using scanning electron microscope (SEM) and compared to replicas of control group. The images of replicas of XLH patients showed deep microclefts and irregular enamel surface structure compared to replicas of control group. The replica of a patient with spontaneous periapical abscesses showed numerous enamel crater-shaped depressions and deep microcleavages penetrating into the enamel thickness. In absence of caries or fractures, the abscesses pathogenesis may be related to microcleavages of the enamel and dentin, which allow bacterial invasion of the pulp. There could be a relationship between XLH disease and enamel abnormalities.
Objectives: To grant an in vivo morphological knowledge of Molar Incisor Hypoplasia affected mola... more Objectives: To grant an in vivo morphological knowledge of Molar Incisor Hypoplasia affected molars supplemented by a new compound (CPP-ACP) containing bio-available calcium-phosphate ions deficient in hypomineralized tooth anomalies. Methods: Replica models for indirect SEM observation were taken before and after treatment. Ethical cusps biopsies from restorative bond molars were cut to confirm the replicas outcome. Polyvinilxyloxane impressions (n=30) developed in polyether and analyzed by SEM at different magnification (from 500X to 5.000X) were taken from permanent molars of children age 7/10 before and after home topical application of a casein-calcium-phosphate mousse. Cusps biopsies (n=10) of untreated elements were taken as control (T0) and after treatment at three different times (n=30) (T1; T2; T3) and analyzed by SEM/EDX at low and high magnification (1000 X - 20.000X). Results: SEM Replica: enamel porosities (T0), with aspects of crystallized sponge evolved after three y...
Objectives: to grant in vivo changes in morphology and mineral composition of porous, calcium-pho... more Objectives: to grant in vivo changes in morphology and mineral composition of porous, calcium-phosphate deficient MIH molar after supplementation with a recently introduced calcium-phosphate fluoride product (CPP-ACFP, MI Paste Plus™, GC Europe, Leuven, Belgium). The study wants to establish that the same results, which were obtained previously after 3 years of application, can be achieved in 6 months time by adding fluoride to the CPP-ACP product previously tested. Methods: n=10 enamel fragments from newly erupted MIH molar cusps after PEB (post-eruption break-down) were taken in children from 6 to 7 years old (T0). Other n=10 samples were taken after 6 months (T3) of applications, smearing a pea size of product 5 times a day. The fragments were analysed by ESEM-EDX at low and high magnification (500X, 5000X). Following the EDX analysis, n=2 samples were gold-sputter: T0 before treatment, T3 after six months. Finally, both samples were SEM analysed at 2000X, 5000X, 20000X magnifica...
Purpose: A previous study described the results of supplementation
by casein phospho-peptide-amor... more Purpose: A previous study described the results of supplementation by casein phospho-peptide-amorphous calcium phosphate (CPP-ACP) on hypomineralized enamel, as seen in Molar Incisor Hypomineralisation (MIH). A new product with added fluoride is now available. The aim of the study was to investigate the qualitative and quantitative effects of supplementation with a product containing CPP-ACP and NaF administered five times-a-day on recently erupted MIH molars over a period of six months. Methods and materials: Minimally invasive biopsies and their ESEM/EDX semi-quantitative peaks of elements present in affected enamel were evaluated. Micro-CT (CT) scanning of the same samples was performed for better quantification. SEM microphotographs at different magnifications were taken. Results: At six months of treatment, mineralization, density, porosity and morphology appeared markedly improved; the calcium and phosphate ratio was almost normal. Conclusion: Clinical exposure to CPP-ACP and NaF improved enamel morphology, mineralisation and density in MIH teeth in vivo. Keywords: Enamel; Micro-computed tomography; Scanning electron microscopy
Journal of applied biomaterials & biomechanics (JABB)
The aim of this study was to compare, through scanning electron microscope (SEM), the ability of ... more The aim of this study was to compare, through scanning electron microscope (SEM), the ability of four Ni-Ti rotary instrument systems in shaping root canal walls and their ability in removing smear layer and dentin debris. Forty-six extracted single-rooted human teeth were divided into four groups and prepared to size 35 (Alpha System, FlexMaster, MFile) or 30 (NRT files). Irrigation was carried out with NaOCl and EDTA. Three parameters were evaluated in the coronal, middle, and apical thirds of the root canals: smear layer morphology, pulpal-inorganic debris presence and surface profile morphology. Data were statistically analyzed using the Kruskal-Wallis test (ANOVA). None of the Ni-Ti rotary instrument systems resulted in being able to obtain constantly regular shaped surfaces in apical thirds, where smear layer, pulpal and inorganic debris were often present. NRT file specimens resulted in being relatively free from debris and smear layer and gained better results and scores at any canal level.
Objectives: To grant an in vivo morphological knowledge of Molar Incisor Hypoplasia affected mola... more Objectives: To grant an in vivo morphological knowledge of Molar Incisor Hypoplasia affected molars supplemented by a new compound (CPP-ACP) containing bio-available calcium-phosphate ions deficient in hypomineralized tooth anomalies. Methods: Replica models for indirect SEM observation were taken before and after treatment. Ethical cusps biopsies from restorative bond molars were cut to confirm the replicas outcome. Polyvinilxyloxane impressions (n=30) developed in polyether and analyzed by SEM at different magnification (from 500X to 5.000X) were taken from permanent molars of children age 7/10 before and after home topical application of a casein-calcium-phosphate mousse. Cusps biopsies (n=10) of untreated elements were taken as control (T0) and after treatment at three different times (n=30) (T1; T2; T3) and analyzed by SEM/EDX at low and high magnification (1000 X - 20.000X). Results: SEM Replica: enamel porosities (T0), with aspects of crystallized sponge evolved after three y...
Objectives: to grant in vivo changes in morphology and mineral composition of porous, calcium-pho... more Objectives: to grant in vivo changes in morphology and mineral composition of porous, calcium-phosphate deficient MIH molar after supplementation with a recently introduced calcium-phosphate fluoride product (CPP-ACFP, MI Paste Plus™, GC Europe, Leuven, Belgium). The study wants to establish that the same results, which were obtained previously after 3 years of application, can be achieved in 6 months time by adding fluoride to the CPP-ACP product previously tested. Methods: n=10 enamel fragments from newly erupted MIH molar cusps after PEB (post-eruption break-down) were taken in children from 6 to 7 years old (T0). Other n=10 samples were taken after 6 months (T3) of applications, smearing a pea size of product 5 times a day. The fragments were analysed by ESEM-EDX at low and high magnification (500X, 5000X). Following the EDX analysis, n=2 samples were gold-sputter: T0 before treatment, T3 after six months. Finally, both samples were SEM analysed at 2000X, 5000X, 20000X magnifica...
1) To test a new perfusion device able to alternate demineralizing/nondemineralizing solutions, a... more 1) To test a new perfusion device able to alternate demineralizing/nondemineralizing solutions, as an acid attack system, and 2) to standardize the dentin demineralization procedure, in order to define the in vitro secondary caries inhibiting potential of different restorative materials. A fluoride-containing adhesive/composite resin (group A), an experimental adhesive/composite resin (group B), and a glass-ionomer cement (group C) were used to restore 24 Class II cavities in extracted molars. Optimal conditions to obtain dentin demineralization inside the perfusion device were identified and applied to restored teeth. Dentin demineralization after perfusion was analyzed by microradiography. The output parameters were lesion morphology, dentin mineral volume percentage, and integrated mineral loss (Delta Z, % volume x microm) of the exposed (outer lesions) and marginal (inner lesions or caries inhibition zones, CIZs) dentin. Demineralization increased as follows: group A < group ...
X-linked hypophosphatemia (XLH) is a genetic disorder related to alterations in bones and teeth f... more X-linked hypophosphatemia (XLH) is a genetic disorder related to alterations in bones and teeth formation, due to low levels of phosphate in blood. Oral findings in XLH have been enamel and dentine abnormalities, high pulp horns, large pulp chambers, and some cases of periapical abscesses related to teeth without caries or traumatic injuries. The aim of our study was to assess the presence of enamel alterations, such as microclefts and/or structure defects in patients with XLH and give guidelines of prevention of XLH dental complications. History taking, oral clinical and radiological examination in 10 young patients affected by XLH (average age of 9) and in 6 patients without XLH (average age of 8). Impressions were performed on the vestibular surfaces of teeth in order to obtain replicas. The replicas were analyzed using scanning electron microscope (SEM) and compared to replicas of control group. The images of replicas of XLH patients showed deep microclefts and irregular enamel surface structure compared to replicas of control group. The replica of a patient with spontaneous periapical abscesses showed numerous enamel crater-shaped depressions and deep microcleavages penetrating into the enamel thickness. In absence of caries or fractures, the abscesses pathogenesis may be related to microcleavages of the enamel and dentin, which allow bacterial invasion of the pulp. There could be a relationship between XLH disease and enamel abnormalities.
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Papers by Silvia Marchionni
by casein phospho-peptide-amorphous calcium
phosphate (CPP-ACP) on hypomineralized enamel, as seen
in Molar Incisor Hypomineralisation (MIH). A new product
with added fluoride is now available. The aim of the study
was to investigate the qualitative and quantitative effects of
supplementation with a product containing CPP-ACP and NaF
administered five times-a-day on recently erupted MIH molars
over a period of six months.
Methods and materials: Minimally invasive biopsies and
their ESEM/EDX semi-quantitative peaks of elements present
in affected enamel were evaluated. Micro-CT (CT) scanning
of the same samples was performed for better quantification.
SEM microphotographs at different magnifications were
taken.
Results: At six months of treatment, mineralization, density,
porosity and morphology appeared markedly improved;
the calcium and phosphate ratio was almost normal.
Conclusion: Clinical exposure to CPP-ACP and NaF
improved enamel morphology, mineralisation and density in
MIH teeth in vivo.
Keywords: Enamel; Micro-computed tomography; Scanning
electron microscopy
by casein phospho-peptide-amorphous calcium
phosphate (CPP-ACP) on hypomineralized enamel, as seen
in Molar Incisor Hypomineralisation (MIH). A new product
with added fluoride is now available. The aim of the study
was to investigate the qualitative and quantitative effects of
supplementation with a product containing CPP-ACP and NaF
administered five times-a-day on recently erupted MIH molars
over a period of six months.
Methods and materials: Minimally invasive biopsies and
their ESEM/EDX semi-quantitative peaks of elements present
in affected enamel were evaluated. Micro-CT (CT) scanning
of the same samples was performed for better quantification.
SEM microphotographs at different magnifications were
taken.
Results: At six months of treatment, mineralization, density,
porosity and morphology appeared markedly improved;
the calcium and phosphate ratio was almost normal.
Conclusion: Clinical exposure to CPP-ACP and NaF
improved enamel morphology, mineralisation and density in
MIH teeth in vivo.
Keywords: Enamel; Micro-computed tomography; Scanning
electron microscopy