Background: Cerebral neuroplasticity is compromised due to substance abuse. There is damage to ne... more Background: Cerebral neuroplasticity is compromised due to substance abuse. There is damage to neuronal areas that are involved in memory and executive functioning. Treatments with worse outcomes are often associated with cognitive deficits that have resulted from substance dependence. However, there is evidence that cognitive training can lead to improvements in cognitive functions and can be useful when treating addictions. This systematic review aims to synthesize evidence on the effectiveness of cognitive training in memory, executive functioning, and processing speed in individuals with substance use disorder (SUD).Methods: The Joanna Briggs Institute's PICO strategy was used to develop this systematic literature review. Four databases were searched (PubMed, the Cochrane Library, Web of Science, and PsycINFO) to identify controlled randomized clinical studies and quasi-experimental studies, in English, Portuguese, and Spanish, from 1985 to 2019. The literature found was exa...
Emotion dysregulation has been linked to psychopathology in general and, in particular, to substa... more Emotion dysregulation has been linked to psychopathology in general and, in particular, to substance abuse and other addiction-related disorders, such as eating disorders, impulsive disorder, and gambling. It has been proposed that a lessening of the difficulties in emotion regulation can have a significant positive impact on the treatment of these disorders. The present study explores the association between the progress in the Change & Grow<sup>®</sup> therapeutic model (5 stages of treatment), and the decrease in the difficulties related to emotion regulation. The Change & Grow<sup>®</sup> model has five stages of treatment according to the model's five principles (Truth, Acceptance, Gratitude, Love and Responsibility) and incorporates different therapeutic approaches such as positive psychology, cognitive and behavioral therapy and third generation therapies. The main objective is to understand the impact of the presented therapeutic model on difficul...
The last years have seen a paradigm shift concerning addictive disorders, indicating the necessit... more The last years have seen a paradigm shift concerning addictive disorders, indicating the necessity to study alternative therapeutic models. In this longitudinal study, the objective was to explore the impact of the Change & Grow® therapeutic model developed and used by VillaRamadas on certain psychological variables that frequently appear associated with addiction. A repeated measures (first and last weeks of treatment) design was used, and the psychological measurements were Beck’s Depression Inventory II (BDI-II), Suicide Ideation Questionnaire (SIQ), State-Trait Anxiety Inventory (STAI), and Montreal Cognitive Assessment (MoCA). Results include 26 (16 male and 10 female) patients. Age varied between 17 and 64 years (M = 35.62, SD = 12.60) and duration of treatment between 91 and 193 days (M = 147.35, SD = 27.05). The MoCA total result was significantly higher in the last week of treatment. The results of BDI-II, SIQ, and STAI (both state and trait) were all significantly lower. N...
Introduction: Alexithymia has been reported more significantly in subjects with obsessive-compuls... more Introduction: Alexithymia has been reported more significantly in subjects with obsessive-compulsive disorder (OCD), since they have a hard time recognizing and describing their own emotions. It should also be noted that many individuals with OCD often report experiencing traumatic situations. However, there are no national studies on the relationship between OCD, traumatic experiences and alexithymia, justifying the relevance of this study. Aim: The following were outlined: 1) To study the relationship between psychopathological symptoms, alexithymia and traumatic experiences in a clinical and non-clinical sample; 2) To study and compare the traumatic experiences, the levels of alexithymia and the psychopathological symptoms in the clinical and non-clinical samples; 3) Check the relations of variables age, gender, marital status and literacy with the presence or absence of obsessive-compulsive symptomatology. Method: The total sample is composed of 115 individuals aged between 18 and 64 years (31.50±10.61). For the creation of the 2 groups in comparison, the MOCI cut-off point was used, in which results above 10 indicate the presence of obsessive-compulsive symptomatology. The clinical group had 40 subjects, aged between 18 and 49 years (27.03±7.68) and the nonclinical group with 75 subjects, aged between 18 and 60 years (33,89±11.21). Protocol includes: Maudsley Obsessive Compulsive Inventory (MOCI), Traumatic Experiences Checklist (TEC), Toronto Alexithymia Scale (TAS-20) and Inventory of Psychopathological Symptoms (BSI). Results: The clinical sample presented more psychopathological symptomatology and higher values of alexithymia, compared to the non-clinical sample. No differences were found between the groups in the presence of traumatic experiences but the clinical sample presented higher scores of sexual abuse and trauma in the family of origin. Finally, in the non-clinical sample, we have a greater number of associations that are statistically significant and of stronger magnitude among the studied variables, compared to the clinical sample, especially in the TEC. Conclusion: It was verified that traumatic experiences and alexithymia, in particular, may be a factor that is associated with the onset of POC, being a future study area to understand if they will also be risk factors for OCD. Keywords: Obsessive-compulsive symptomatology, traumatic experiences, alexithymia.
Objectives: This systematic review aimed to understand the current state of the art about the eff... more Objectives: This systematic review aimed to understand the current state of the art about the effectiveness of mindfulness-based relapse prevention (MBRP) on individuals with substance use disorders (SUD), taking into account not only SUD variables (e.g., cravings, frequency of use) but also other relevant clinical variables (e.g., anxiety and depressive symptoms, quality of life). Methods: A comprehensive search of electronic databases was conducted to identify studies that investigate MBRP interventions on individuals with SUD. Studies that met the inclusion criteria were synthesized and assessed using systematic review methods. Results: Thirteen studies were included in the present review. The methodological quality of the included studies was moderately strong. Nine studies (69.2%) used the traditional 16 h MBRP program. Six studies (46.1%) chose to use a co-intervention treatment ranging from the treatment as usual (TAU) to cognitive behavioral therapy. All but one study indica...
Background: Cerebral neuroplasticity is compromised due to substance abuse. There is damage to ne... more Background: Cerebral neuroplasticity is compromised due to substance abuse. There is damage to neuronal areas that are involved in memory and executive functioning. Treatments with worse outcomes are often associated with cognitive deficits that have resulted from substance dependence. However, there is evidence that cognitive training can lead to improvements in cognitive functions and can be useful when treating addictions. This systematic review aims to synthesize evidence on the effectiveness of cognitive training in memory, executive functioning, and processing speed in individuals with substance use disorder (SUD).Methods: The Joanna Briggs Institute's PICO strategy was used to develop this systematic literature review. Four databases were searched (PubMed, the Cochrane Library, Web of Science, and PsycINFO) to identify controlled randomized clinical studies and quasi-experimental studies, in English, Portuguese, and Spanish, from 1985 to 2019. The literature found was exa...
Emotion dysregulation has been linked to psychopathology in general and, in particular, to substa... more Emotion dysregulation has been linked to psychopathology in general and, in particular, to substance abuse and other addiction-related disorders, such as eating disorders, impulsive disorder, and gambling. It has been proposed that a lessening of the difficulties in emotion regulation can have a significant positive impact on the treatment of these disorders. The present study explores the association between the progress in the Change & Grow<sup>®</sup> therapeutic model (5 stages of treatment), and the decrease in the difficulties related to emotion regulation. The Change & Grow<sup>®</sup> model has five stages of treatment according to the model's five principles (Truth, Acceptance, Gratitude, Love and Responsibility) and incorporates different therapeutic approaches such as positive psychology, cognitive and behavioral therapy and third generation therapies. The main objective is to understand the impact of the presented therapeutic model on difficul...
The last years have seen a paradigm shift concerning addictive disorders, indicating the necessit... more The last years have seen a paradigm shift concerning addictive disorders, indicating the necessity to study alternative therapeutic models. In this longitudinal study, the objective was to explore the impact of the Change & Grow® therapeutic model developed and used by VillaRamadas on certain psychological variables that frequently appear associated with addiction. A repeated measures (first and last weeks of treatment) design was used, and the psychological measurements were Beck’s Depression Inventory II (BDI-II), Suicide Ideation Questionnaire (SIQ), State-Trait Anxiety Inventory (STAI), and Montreal Cognitive Assessment (MoCA). Results include 26 (16 male and 10 female) patients. Age varied between 17 and 64 years (M = 35.62, SD = 12.60) and duration of treatment between 91 and 193 days (M = 147.35, SD = 27.05). The MoCA total result was significantly higher in the last week of treatment. The results of BDI-II, SIQ, and STAI (both state and trait) were all significantly lower. N...
Introduction: Alexithymia has been reported more significantly in subjects with obsessive-compuls... more Introduction: Alexithymia has been reported more significantly in subjects with obsessive-compulsive disorder (OCD), since they have a hard time recognizing and describing their own emotions. It should also be noted that many individuals with OCD often report experiencing traumatic situations. However, there are no national studies on the relationship between OCD, traumatic experiences and alexithymia, justifying the relevance of this study. Aim: The following were outlined: 1) To study the relationship between psychopathological symptoms, alexithymia and traumatic experiences in a clinical and non-clinical sample; 2) To study and compare the traumatic experiences, the levels of alexithymia and the psychopathological symptoms in the clinical and non-clinical samples; 3) Check the relations of variables age, gender, marital status and literacy with the presence or absence of obsessive-compulsive symptomatology. Method: The total sample is composed of 115 individuals aged between 18 and 64 years (31.50±10.61). For the creation of the 2 groups in comparison, the MOCI cut-off point was used, in which results above 10 indicate the presence of obsessive-compulsive symptomatology. The clinical group had 40 subjects, aged between 18 and 49 years (27.03±7.68) and the nonclinical group with 75 subjects, aged between 18 and 60 years (33,89±11.21). Protocol includes: Maudsley Obsessive Compulsive Inventory (MOCI), Traumatic Experiences Checklist (TEC), Toronto Alexithymia Scale (TAS-20) and Inventory of Psychopathological Symptoms (BSI). Results: The clinical sample presented more psychopathological symptomatology and higher values of alexithymia, compared to the non-clinical sample. No differences were found between the groups in the presence of traumatic experiences but the clinical sample presented higher scores of sexual abuse and trauma in the family of origin. Finally, in the non-clinical sample, we have a greater number of associations that are statistically significant and of stronger magnitude among the studied variables, compared to the clinical sample, especially in the TEC. Conclusion: It was verified that traumatic experiences and alexithymia, in particular, may be a factor that is associated with the onset of POC, being a future study area to understand if they will also be risk factors for OCD. Keywords: Obsessive-compulsive symptomatology, traumatic experiences, alexithymia.
Objectives: This systematic review aimed to understand the current state of the art about the eff... more Objectives: This systematic review aimed to understand the current state of the art about the effectiveness of mindfulness-based relapse prevention (MBRP) on individuals with substance use disorders (SUD), taking into account not only SUD variables (e.g., cravings, frequency of use) but also other relevant clinical variables (e.g., anxiety and depressive symptoms, quality of life). Methods: A comprehensive search of electronic databases was conducted to identify studies that investigate MBRP interventions on individuals with SUD. Studies that met the inclusion criteria were synthesized and assessed using systematic review methods. Results: Thirteen studies were included in the present review. The methodological quality of the included studies was moderately strong. Nine studies (69.2%) used the traditional 16 h MBRP program. Six studies (46.1%) chose to use a co-intervention treatment ranging from the treatment as usual (TAU) to cognitive behavioral therapy. All but one study indica...
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