The spatial analogue method and 13C analytical techniques were used to reveal medium‐ to long‐ter... more The spatial analogue method and 13C analytical techniques were used to reveal medium‐ to long‐term changes in soil organic matter (SOM) in farmers' fields under maize in southern Tanzania. Aerial photography and detailed farmer interviews were used to relate land‐use history to declines in SOM concentration and changes in composition. The research attempted to measure the rate of SOM decline and the extent to which farmers' residue management practice was allowing cereal residues to contribute to SOM. The combination of research methods employed in this study proved to be highly complementary. Results indicate that native SOM decreased by on average 50 per cent; after 25 years of cultivation. Under current residue management with cereal residues mostly grazed and burnt there is only a relatively modest contribution from cereal residues to SOM. When cereal residues are retained in the field it is likely they will contribute significantly to SOM but they are much less likely t...
International Journal of Water Resources Development
The transition from rural to urban spurred by population growth and housing densification has imp... more The transition from rural to urban spurred by population growth and housing densification has implications for the planning of service provisions, not least domestic water supplies. The objective of this paper is to document the status of domestic water access and examine existing options for domestic water provision along the rural-urban transition. The study employs a combination of research methods in both data collection and analysis. Given the dual character (rural-urban) of the emerging urban centres, there is limited distinction in the domestic water services provided since they tend to be in between the two, in a state of transition.
The transition from rural to urban spurred by population growth and housing densification has imp... more The transition from rural to urban spurred by population growth and housing densification has implications for the planning of service provisions, not least domestic water supplies. The objective of this paper is to document the status of domestic water access and examine existing options for domestic water provision along the rural-urban transition. The study employs a combination of research methods in both data collection and analysis. Given the dual character (rural-urban) of the emerging urban centres, there is limited distinction in the domestic water services provided since they tend to be in between the two, in a state of transition.
... universities on Sustainable land use and natural resource management (SLUSE) Jakob Magid1, An... more ... universities on Sustainable land use and natural resource management (SLUSE) Jakob Magid1, Andreas de Neergaard1, Torben Birch-Thomsen2, Christopher Saarnak1 and Kristine Juul3 The ... Thus for a large part these topics deal with farmers' households and village settings ...
Quarterly Journal of International Agriculture, 1990
The transition from traditional fallow systems to more permanent cultivation has occurred in wide... more The transition from traditional fallow systems to more permanent cultivation has occurred in wide areas of the Southern Highlands of Tanzania. This change in agricultural practice is largely due to three factors: (a) the villagization programme; (b) introduction of hybrid maize along with biochemicals; and (c) the development of animal traction. An increase in productivity per acre has turned the region into a surplus producer, delivering maize to areas with a supply deficit. However, some problems have emerged which may hamper positive developments in the future. Social differentiation has been reinforced as a result of unequal access to production factors thereby hindering the upward social mobility of the poor peasantry. The pressure on land has increased as a consequence of the high population growth rate, concentration of the rural population into villages and the increase in continuous mono-cropping. This leads to a reduced capability of the soils to retain nutrients leading to soil mining and degradation of the soil structure. Furthermore, the introduction of ox-mechanization has caused a change in the labour bottleneck from land preparation to weeding which, in the end, enforces the social differentiation.
The spatial analogue method and 13C analytical techniques were used to reveal medium‐ to long‐ter... more The spatial analogue method and 13C analytical techniques were used to reveal medium‐ to long‐term changes in soil organic matter (SOM) in farmers' fields under maize in southern Tanzania. Aerial photography and detailed farmer interviews were used to relate land‐use history to declines in SOM concentration and changes in composition. The research attempted to measure the rate of SOM decline and the extent to which farmers' residue management practice was allowing cereal residues to contribute to SOM. The combination of research methods employed in this study proved to be highly complementary. Results indicate that native SOM decreased by on average 50 per cent; after 25 years of cultivation. Under current residue management with cereal residues mostly grazed and burnt there is only a relatively modest contribution from cereal residues to SOM. When cereal residues are retained in the field it is likely they will contribute significantly to SOM but they are much less likely t...
International Journal of Water Resources Development
The transition from rural to urban spurred by population growth and housing densification has imp... more The transition from rural to urban spurred by population growth and housing densification has implications for the planning of service provisions, not least domestic water supplies. The objective of this paper is to document the status of domestic water access and examine existing options for domestic water provision along the rural-urban transition. The study employs a combination of research methods in both data collection and analysis. Given the dual character (rural-urban) of the emerging urban centres, there is limited distinction in the domestic water services provided since they tend to be in between the two, in a state of transition.
The transition from rural to urban spurred by population growth and housing densification has imp... more The transition from rural to urban spurred by population growth and housing densification has implications for the planning of service provisions, not least domestic water supplies. The objective of this paper is to document the status of domestic water access and examine existing options for domestic water provision along the rural-urban transition. The study employs a combination of research methods in both data collection and analysis. Given the dual character (rural-urban) of the emerging urban centres, there is limited distinction in the domestic water services provided since they tend to be in between the two, in a state of transition.
... universities on Sustainable land use and natural resource management (SLUSE) Jakob Magid1, An... more ... universities on Sustainable land use and natural resource management (SLUSE) Jakob Magid1, Andreas de Neergaard1, Torben Birch-Thomsen2, Christopher Saarnak1 and Kristine Juul3 The ... Thus for a large part these topics deal with farmers' households and village settings ...
Quarterly Journal of International Agriculture, 1990
The transition from traditional fallow systems to more permanent cultivation has occurred in wide... more The transition from traditional fallow systems to more permanent cultivation has occurred in wide areas of the Southern Highlands of Tanzania. This change in agricultural practice is largely due to three factors: (a) the villagization programme; (b) introduction of hybrid maize along with biochemicals; and (c) the development of animal traction. An increase in productivity per acre has turned the region into a surplus producer, delivering maize to areas with a supply deficit. However, some problems have emerged which may hamper positive developments in the future. Social differentiation has been reinforced as a result of unequal access to production factors thereby hindering the upward social mobility of the poor peasantry. The pressure on land has increased as a consequence of the high population growth rate, concentration of the rural population into villages and the increase in continuous mono-cropping. This leads to a reduced capability of the soils to retain nutrients leading to soil mining and degradation of the soil structure. Furthermore, the introduction of ox-mechanization has caused a change in the labour bottleneck from land preparation to weeding which, in the end, enforces the social differentiation.
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