The study was conducted purposively in Surat district to ascertain the existing housing managemen... more The study was conducted purposively in Surat district to ascertain the existing housing management practices followed by rural dairy animal owners. A field survey was conducted during March 2013 to January 2014 and data were collected from randomly selected 300 dairy animal owners through personal interview using pre-tested structured schedule from five Talukas selected at random. The study revealed that majority of respondents provided close type (54.33%) and Kuchha type (56.33%) houses. Majority (88.33%) kept their animals inside the house during day as well as night; 88.67 per cent of animal sheds were near to the dwelling of the farmers and 72.67 per cent of the animal houses were oriented in east-west direction. Majority (87.67%) of respondents had single row system of animal housing and only 47 per cent had optimum sized animal houses. Adequate floor space was available in animal houses of around 49 per cent of respondents; 89 per cent respondents had provision of sufficient l...
Objective of the study was to investigate the effect of dietary supplementation of rumen protecte... more Objective of the study was to investigate the effect of dietary supplementation of rumen protected fat on productive performance, nutrient utilization and blood biochemical profile of Surti buffaloes. Eighteen multiparous buffaloes (2-4 lactation) in early lactation were divided in three homogenous groups of CON (control), BF100 and BF200 with six animals in each group. The animals in CON were fed with a basal diet consisting of concentrate mixture, green sorghum and paddy straw as per ICAR nutrient requirements, while the animals in BF100 and BF200 group were fed with same ration and supplemented with 0.75% (100 g/d) and 1.5% (200 g/d) bypass fat on DMI basis, respectively for 15 days pre-partum to 90 days post-partum. The dry matter intake, body condition score, milk yield and milk composition parameters like protein, lactose and SNF were not influenced by supplemental bypass fat. Milk fat percentage, production of 4% fat corrected milk (FCM), solid corrected milk (SCM) and energy...
The objective of the present study was to observe the developmental rates and the stage of develo... more The objective of the present study was to observe the developmental rates and the stage of development since fertilization of in vitro produced early stage buffalo embryos. Buffalo cumulus-oocyte complexes (COC’s) obtained from slaughterhouse ovaries were matured and fertilized in vitro. The fertilized oocytes (400) were then cultured in modified synthetic oviductal fluid (mSOF) medium containing bovine serum albumin (BSA) and fetal bovine serum (FBS) and evaluated for the developmental stages of preimplantation early stage embryos up to morula on 48 h, 72 h, 96 h and 7th day post fertilization. Highest percentage of 8 cell embryos were obtained followed by 16 cell, 2 cell, 4 cell and morula at the end of in vitro culture (IVC). Similarly, the mean embryo percent of 2 cell, 4 cell, 8 cell, 16 cell and morula stage at the end of IVC was 8.20±1.28, 6.50±0.97, 12.19±1.03, 11.83±0.96 and 5.27±0.87. The overall embryos developed at the end of IVC were 43.98±2.11%. The percentage of oocyt...
Surti buffalo calves (25) of an average 63.52±6.01 days age and 49.68±2.16 Kg weight were rando... more Surti buffalo calves (25) of an average 63.52±6.01 days age and 49.68±2.16 Kg weight were randomly divided into 5 homogeneous treatment group of floor types, viz. Concrete floor (CC), Kachcha soil floor without bedding (SOIL), Concrete floor with paddy straw bedding (CC+PS), Kachcha soil floor with paddy straw bedding (SOIL+PS) and Rubber mat bedding (RM) as per Latin Square Design (LSD) for 60 days. DM intake and body weight were recorded at fortnightly interval. The behavioural parameters of the calves were studied by four instantaneous observations for three days in a week. Faecal consistency scoring and eye scoring was recorded as per standard method. Average daily gain (ADG) was highest in SOIL+PS (424.00 g) and lowest in CC (294.80 g). The pooled concentrate, roughage, milk and total DMI was 0.93±0.04, 0.92±0.05, 0.22±0.01 and 2.07±0.07 kg/day, respectively. Highest concentrate intake was in CC group whereas lowest was in SOIL group. Roughage intake was higher in SOIL+PS...
Eighteen postpartum subestrus (>45 d postpartum) Surti buffalo were equally divided into three... more Eighteen postpartum subestrus (>45 d postpartum) Surti buffalo were equally divided into three groups to evaluate the efficacy of fixed time AI (FTAI) protocols viz. Heatsynch and Heatsynch + PRID (Progesterone Release Intra-vaginal Device), and the third group was not subjected to any treatment protocol (control). In both FTAI groups, the buffalo were administered (i.m.) GnRH analogue (0.01 mg, Inj. Busereline acetate) on day 0, PGF2α analogue (500 μg, Inj. Cloprostenol sodium) on day 7 and estradiol benzoate (0.5 mg) on day 8. In addition, in Heatsynch + PRID group, intra-vaginal PRID implant (0.96 g, progesterone) was inserted for 7 days. In both FTAI groups, inseminations were carried out twice on day 10. In the control group, inseminations were done at spontaneous estrus. In all the groups, the buffalo failing to conceive were re-inseminated at subsequent spontaneous estrus. The overall percentage of buffalo getting conceived in Heatsynch, Heatsynch + PRID and control group ...
An attempt was made to study the present status and record the phenotypic and performance charact... more An attempt was made to study the present status and record the phenotypic and performance characteristics of Surti goats in their native tract. The study was carried out at Navsari, Surat and Bharuch districts of south Gujarat. Out of 3215 goats screened, only 8.18% were found close to Surti breed. The data recorded on physical characteristics of 263 goats indicated that 95.44% goats had white shiny coat colour while 4.56% animals were having light brownish tint. The colour of skin, muzzle and hoof was pink in 76.05% and black in 23.95% animals. The average age at puberty and age at first kidding recorded for Surti goats were lesser compared to the values reported for Kutchi and Gohilwadi goats of Gujarat The average weight of male and female kids at birth, 3 month, 6 month and 12 month were 2.36 ± 0.06 and 2.22 ± 0.05, 6.93 ± 0.15 and 6.80 ± 0.18, 11.07 ± 0.20 and 10.80 ± 0.26 and 17.20 ± 0.64 and 16.16 ± 0.69, respectively.
Ten Surti buffalo calves (10-12m, 210.40±5.64 kg) were randomly divided into two groups of S each... more Ten Surti buffalo calves (10-12m, 210.40±5.64 kg) were randomly divided into two groups of S each and fed either fresh (T1) or sundried (T2) chopped sugarcane tops for 90 days, thereafter a digestion trial was conducted for 7 days period. DM intake in T1 was higher (P<0.01) than in T2. Animals in both groups lost the body weight, however, % body weight loss was lower (P<0.01) in group T1 than in T2. The digestibility of DM, OM, CF and NFE was higher (P<0.01) in group T1 than T2. Fresh and dry sugarcane tops contained 4.09 and 3.56% DCP and 52.92 and 43.42% TIJN, respectively and were unable to meet the nutrient requirement of growing calves, thus there is a need to enrich sugarcane tops by supplementry feeding to meet the requirments of the animal.
The present study was undertaken to investigate the constraints faced by goat owners in Navsari d... more The present study was undertaken to investigate the constraints faced by goat owners in Navsari district of Gujarat. Data collected from 250 goat owners revealed that marketing was the main constraint (85.30%) followed by feeding, healthcare, breeding and housing as 84.80, 77.04, 76.00 and 74.64 % faced by goat owners, respectively. The main constraints regarding marketing were lace of marketing infrastructure (89.60%) and middle man not providing remunerative price to male kids (86.40%). Regarding feeding, main constraints were high prices of concentrate (89.60%) and lack of knowledge about importance of mineral mixture (87.20%). With respect to health care practices the major constraints were lack of knowledge about deworming (83.20%) and high mortality rate in kids (81.20%). Regarding breeding, indiscriminate breeding (86.40%) and non availability of improved breeding buck in market (80.80%). With respect to housing management was high construction cost (82.80%) and high interest rate (82.40%). Considering above fact, it is suggested that appropriate strategy might be formulated for the development of goat rearing and also for the goat owners in the study areas.
To study the knowledge of dairy animal owners in improved dairy husbandry practices a field surve... more To study the knowledge of dairy animal owners in improved dairy husbandry practices a field survey in Vansada taluka was conducted during October 2008 to January 2009 and the information was collected. Twenty villages having functional primary milk producer’s co-operative societies were selected at random from 95 villages. From each selected village ten dairy animal owners were randomly selected for filling the questionnaire related to the study. The present study revealed that majority of dairy farmers had medium knowledge on different component of improved dairy husbandry practices viz. 71% for feeding, 63.5% for breeding, 68% for general management and 73.5% for healthcare. The overall knowledge levels of the respondents in improved dairy husbandry practices fall under low, medium and high categories are 14%, 76% and 10% respectively. The knowledge index of different aspect of improved dairy husbandry practices of feeding, breeding, general management and healthcare practices wer...
A survey was conducted in 45 villages of Surat, Navsari and Bharuch districts of South Gujarat re... more A survey was conducted in 45 villages of Surat, Navsari and Bharuch districts of South Gujarat region. A total of 1243 goat keepers having 8948 goats were contacted to study their socio-economic status. The sex ratio in goats up to one year of age is 1: 1.27 whereas in adult goats it was found to be 1:8.48 for male: female in the survey area. The caste based analysis of goat keepers revealed that goat keeping was most widely practiced profession in the scheduled tribe (45.45%) community followed by general category people (31.38%) mostly belonging to the muslim community. The primary profession of the majority (68.38%) of goat keepers was farm labour coupled with animal husbandry. The study indicated that 64.92% of the goat keepers had average flock size of 1–5 animals. The average annual income was recorded less than Rs. 10000/- per family in 74.26% goat keepers while 4.91% goat keepers had more than Rs. 30000/- annual income. The average size of a goat keeper's family was 4.96...
Weekly blood biochemical and mineral profiles of 11 suckled postpartum anoestrus Surti buffaloes ... more Weekly blood biochemical and mineral profiles of 11 suckled postpartum anoestrus Surti buffaloes were studied from the day of calving to at least 91 days postpartum to evaluate the effect of GnRH treatment (250 μg i/m) onday 40 PP (n=6; control n=5). Buffaloes responding to treatment were inseminated, and pregnancy was confirmed 6-8 weeks later. The trend of cholesterol rise on different weeks postpartum was earlier and higher in GnRH treatment group than that in control group. Total cholesterol levels of treated buffaloes were significantly higher in comparison to control group on 5-6 weeks (216.97 ′ 9.88 vs 153.45 ′ 11.75 mg%) and 13-14 weeks postpartum (263.48 ′34.17 vs 204.06′17.98 mg%). The values of total protein were significantly lower in GnRH treatment group than that in control at 1-2 and 11-14 weeks postpartum. The calcium and phosphorus levels of treated group were significantly lower than control only at 7-8 and 5-6 weeks postpartum respectively. The weekly profile of C...
The effect of GnRH (250 μg im) on postpartum Surti buffaloes with smooth inactive ovaries till da... more The effect of GnRH (250 μg im) on postpartum Surti buffaloes with smooth inactive ovaries till day 40 was studied on 6 animals, and 5 were kept as control. Blood plasma profiles of P 4 and E 2 - 17 β were estimated by standard RIA procedures. The reproductive performance and ovarian events recorded with the help of rectal palpation findings were correlated to P 4 and E 2 profiles. Significantly higher progesterone levels were observed in the GnRH treated than the control buffaloes on 9-10 weeks (2.78′0.71 vs 0.87′0.49 ng/ml) and 11-12 weeks (2.86′0.83 vs 1.04′0.52 ng/ml) postpartum. The plasma E 2 -17 β levels following GnRH treatment increased for variable periods with a typical profile in 3 buffaloes followed by oestrus. GnRH treated buffaloes resumed ovarian activity on day 45.83′0.30 postpartum in contrast to day 64.00′2.27 in 4 untreated buffaloes. The occurrence of first heat postpartum in GnRH treated vs control group was 54.83′2.18 vs 96.75′14.39 days (P<0.05). The treatm...
Postpartum true anoestrus (6) and suboestrus (5) Surti buffaloes of an organized farm confirmed b... more Postpartum true anoestrus (6) and suboestrus (5) Surti buffaloes of an organized farm confirmed by thrice rectal palpation 10 days apart from 12th week postpartum were treated with single i/m injection of 5 ml receptal and 5 ml lutalyse on 15th week postpartum, respectively, keeping some animals (4 and 3) of same status as control, to see the oestrus induction response and conception rate including weekly evaluation of blood biochemical. metabolic and mineral profile, 3 weeks before through 6 weeks after treatment, i.e. 12th to 20th week postpartum. Five (88.33%) GnRh treated true anoestrus buffaloes exhibited heat by mean interval of 19.33±7.89 days and all 5 conceived within 2 cycles/Al as against 27.75±12.39 days with 50.00% (2/4) conception in control group by 20th week postpartum. Similarly, all the 5 PGF2a treated suboestrus buffaloes (100%) exhibited pronounced oestrus within 3.40±0.40 days as against 91.33±76.86 days in control group from the date of treatment schedule, with...
The study was carried out to study individual test day variability in yield and composition of Su... more The study was carried out to study individual test day variability in yield and composition of Surti and Jafarabadi buffaloes milk at day 15 and 60 postpartum (pp). 10 healthy Surti and Jafarabadi buffaloes of each breed were selected at random from Livestock Research Station, Navsari and Cattle Breeding Farm, Junagadh, Gujarat, respectively. Buffaloes were further divided into four different groups for data analysis and comparisons. Overall mean Test day milk yield (TDMY) was found to be steady without any notable significant differences among the four groups of buffaloes. There was increase of 0.88 kg and 0.33 kg in mean Fat and protein corrected test day milk yield (FPCTDMY) with advancement of lactation between day 15 and 60 pp in Surti and Jafarabadi buffaloes, respectively. The mean FPCTDMY of S15 and J15 groups were found to be significantly different (p≤0.05), showing 45.07% higher yield in Jafarabadi buffaloes. The mean fat percent of Jafarabadi buffaloes was significantly (p≤0.05) higher with magnitude of 28.79% over fat% of Surti buffaloes at day 60 pp. The mean SNF% in milk of Jafarabadi buffaloes was 12.27%, significantly (p≤0.05) higher than Surti buffaloes milk at day 15 pp. The mean protein% in milk of Jafarabadi buffaloes was 17.71 and 10.51% significantly (p≤0.05) higher than Surti buffaloes milk at day 15 and 60 pp, respectively. The mean lactose% in milk of Jafarabadi buffaloes was 13.39 % higher than Surti buffaloes milk at day 15 pp, the difference being statistically significant (p≤0.05). As major finding, Jafarabadi buffaloes produced significantly higher milk in terms of FPCTDMY (at day 15 pp) and Fat percent (at day 60 pp) as compared to Surti buffaloes, respectively.
A survey was conducted during April, 2014 to December, 2015 and data were collected from randomly... more A survey was conducted during April, 2014 to December, 2015 and data were collected from randomly selected 50 buffalo farm owners through personal interview with the help of pre-tested structured schedule from peri-urban areas of Surat city of Gujarat. The present study revealed that majority of respondents (86%) followed stall feeding system. The 82% respondents did not cultivated green fodder crops and 62 & 90% respondents fed green non-leguminous and shedha grass to their milking buffaloes, respectively. Majority of respondents fed homemade plus compound cattle feed as concentrate to their milking buffaloes, based on milk production, mainly during milking. The 62% respondents fed concentrate to their animals after soaking in water while, 38% respondents fed concentrates as such. Majority of respondents practiced to feed green/dry fodders as such to their buffaloes. Majority of respondents did not fed concentrates to their young calves while, 54% respondents fed concentrates to their heifers. Only 42% respondents provided mineral supplements to their buffaloes. All the respondents detected heat in their animals by observing the symptom of bellowing and mucus discharge (84%) and bred their buffaloes by artificial insemination (52%) between 12–18 hours after heat detection (84%). The 12% respondents bred their buffaloes after 2 to 3 months of calving and 64% respondents followed the pregnancy diagnosis but only 38% did it either from Livestock Inspectors or Artificial Insemination workers during three months of pregnancy. Majority of respondents followed treatment of anoestrous/repeaters in their buffaloes.
The study was conducted purposively in Surat district to ascertain the existing housing managemen... more The study was conducted purposively in Surat district to ascertain the existing housing management practices followed by rural dairy animal owners. A field survey was conducted during March 2013 to January 2014 and data were collected from randomly selected 300 dairy animal owners through personal interview using pre-tested structured schedule from five Talukas selected at random. The study revealed that majority of respondents provided close type (54.33%) and Kuchha type (56.33%) houses. Majority (88.33%) kept their animals inside the house during day as well as night; 88.67 per cent of animal sheds were near to the dwelling of the farmers and 72.67 per cent of the animal houses were oriented in east-west direction. Majority (87.67%) of respondents had single row system of animal housing and only 47 per cent had optimum sized animal houses. Adequate floor space was available in animal houses of around 49 per cent of respondents; 89 per cent respondents had provision of sufficient l...
Objective of the study was to investigate the effect of dietary supplementation of rumen protecte... more Objective of the study was to investigate the effect of dietary supplementation of rumen protected fat on productive performance, nutrient utilization and blood biochemical profile of Surti buffaloes. Eighteen multiparous buffaloes (2-4 lactation) in early lactation were divided in three homogenous groups of CON (control), BF100 and BF200 with six animals in each group. The animals in CON were fed with a basal diet consisting of concentrate mixture, green sorghum and paddy straw as per ICAR nutrient requirements, while the animals in BF100 and BF200 group were fed with same ration and supplemented with 0.75% (100 g/d) and 1.5% (200 g/d) bypass fat on DMI basis, respectively for 15 days pre-partum to 90 days post-partum. The dry matter intake, body condition score, milk yield and milk composition parameters like protein, lactose and SNF were not influenced by supplemental bypass fat. Milk fat percentage, production of 4% fat corrected milk (FCM), solid corrected milk (SCM) and energy...
The objective of the present study was to observe the developmental rates and the stage of develo... more The objective of the present study was to observe the developmental rates and the stage of development since fertilization of in vitro produced early stage buffalo embryos. Buffalo cumulus-oocyte complexes (COC’s) obtained from slaughterhouse ovaries were matured and fertilized in vitro. The fertilized oocytes (400) were then cultured in modified synthetic oviductal fluid (mSOF) medium containing bovine serum albumin (BSA) and fetal bovine serum (FBS) and evaluated for the developmental stages of preimplantation early stage embryos up to morula on 48 h, 72 h, 96 h and 7th day post fertilization. Highest percentage of 8 cell embryos were obtained followed by 16 cell, 2 cell, 4 cell and morula at the end of in vitro culture (IVC). Similarly, the mean embryo percent of 2 cell, 4 cell, 8 cell, 16 cell and morula stage at the end of IVC was 8.20±1.28, 6.50±0.97, 12.19±1.03, 11.83±0.96 and 5.27±0.87. The overall embryos developed at the end of IVC were 43.98±2.11%. The percentage of oocyt...
Surti buffalo calves (25) of an average 63.52±6.01 days age and 49.68±2.16 Kg weight were rando... more Surti buffalo calves (25) of an average 63.52±6.01 days age and 49.68±2.16 Kg weight were randomly divided into 5 homogeneous treatment group of floor types, viz. Concrete floor (CC), Kachcha soil floor without bedding (SOIL), Concrete floor with paddy straw bedding (CC+PS), Kachcha soil floor with paddy straw bedding (SOIL+PS) and Rubber mat bedding (RM) as per Latin Square Design (LSD) for 60 days. DM intake and body weight were recorded at fortnightly interval. The behavioural parameters of the calves were studied by four instantaneous observations for three days in a week. Faecal consistency scoring and eye scoring was recorded as per standard method. Average daily gain (ADG) was highest in SOIL+PS (424.00 g) and lowest in CC (294.80 g). The pooled concentrate, roughage, milk and total DMI was 0.93±0.04, 0.92±0.05, 0.22±0.01 and 2.07±0.07 kg/day, respectively. Highest concentrate intake was in CC group whereas lowest was in SOIL group. Roughage intake was higher in SOIL+PS...
Eighteen postpartum subestrus (>45 d postpartum) Surti buffalo were equally divided into three... more Eighteen postpartum subestrus (>45 d postpartum) Surti buffalo were equally divided into three groups to evaluate the efficacy of fixed time AI (FTAI) protocols viz. Heatsynch and Heatsynch + PRID (Progesterone Release Intra-vaginal Device), and the third group was not subjected to any treatment protocol (control). In both FTAI groups, the buffalo were administered (i.m.) GnRH analogue (0.01 mg, Inj. Busereline acetate) on day 0, PGF2α analogue (500 μg, Inj. Cloprostenol sodium) on day 7 and estradiol benzoate (0.5 mg) on day 8. In addition, in Heatsynch + PRID group, intra-vaginal PRID implant (0.96 g, progesterone) was inserted for 7 days. In both FTAI groups, inseminations were carried out twice on day 10. In the control group, inseminations were done at spontaneous estrus. In all the groups, the buffalo failing to conceive were re-inseminated at subsequent spontaneous estrus. The overall percentage of buffalo getting conceived in Heatsynch, Heatsynch + PRID and control group ...
An attempt was made to study the present status and record the phenotypic and performance charact... more An attempt was made to study the present status and record the phenotypic and performance characteristics of Surti goats in their native tract. The study was carried out at Navsari, Surat and Bharuch districts of south Gujarat. Out of 3215 goats screened, only 8.18% were found close to Surti breed. The data recorded on physical characteristics of 263 goats indicated that 95.44% goats had white shiny coat colour while 4.56% animals were having light brownish tint. The colour of skin, muzzle and hoof was pink in 76.05% and black in 23.95% animals. The average age at puberty and age at first kidding recorded for Surti goats were lesser compared to the values reported for Kutchi and Gohilwadi goats of Gujarat The average weight of male and female kids at birth, 3 month, 6 month and 12 month were 2.36 ± 0.06 and 2.22 ± 0.05, 6.93 ± 0.15 and 6.80 ± 0.18, 11.07 ± 0.20 and 10.80 ± 0.26 and 17.20 ± 0.64 and 16.16 ± 0.69, respectively.
Ten Surti buffalo calves (10-12m, 210.40±5.64 kg) were randomly divided into two groups of S each... more Ten Surti buffalo calves (10-12m, 210.40±5.64 kg) were randomly divided into two groups of S each and fed either fresh (T1) or sundried (T2) chopped sugarcane tops for 90 days, thereafter a digestion trial was conducted for 7 days period. DM intake in T1 was higher (P<0.01) than in T2. Animals in both groups lost the body weight, however, % body weight loss was lower (P<0.01) in group T1 than in T2. The digestibility of DM, OM, CF and NFE was higher (P<0.01) in group T1 than T2. Fresh and dry sugarcane tops contained 4.09 and 3.56% DCP and 52.92 and 43.42% TIJN, respectively and were unable to meet the nutrient requirement of growing calves, thus there is a need to enrich sugarcane tops by supplementry feeding to meet the requirments of the animal.
The present study was undertaken to investigate the constraints faced by goat owners in Navsari d... more The present study was undertaken to investigate the constraints faced by goat owners in Navsari district of Gujarat. Data collected from 250 goat owners revealed that marketing was the main constraint (85.30%) followed by feeding, healthcare, breeding and housing as 84.80, 77.04, 76.00 and 74.64 % faced by goat owners, respectively. The main constraints regarding marketing were lace of marketing infrastructure (89.60%) and middle man not providing remunerative price to male kids (86.40%). Regarding feeding, main constraints were high prices of concentrate (89.60%) and lack of knowledge about importance of mineral mixture (87.20%). With respect to health care practices the major constraints were lack of knowledge about deworming (83.20%) and high mortality rate in kids (81.20%). Regarding breeding, indiscriminate breeding (86.40%) and non availability of improved breeding buck in market (80.80%). With respect to housing management was high construction cost (82.80%) and high interest rate (82.40%). Considering above fact, it is suggested that appropriate strategy might be formulated for the development of goat rearing and also for the goat owners in the study areas.
To study the knowledge of dairy animal owners in improved dairy husbandry practices a field surve... more To study the knowledge of dairy animal owners in improved dairy husbandry practices a field survey in Vansada taluka was conducted during October 2008 to January 2009 and the information was collected. Twenty villages having functional primary milk producer’s co-operative societies were selected at random from 95 villages. From each selected village ten dairy animal owners were randomly selected for filling the questionnaire related to the study. The present study revealed that majority of dairy farmers had medium knowledge on different component of improved dairy husbandry practices viz. 71% for feeding, 63.5% for breeding, 68% for general management and 73.5% for healthcare. The overall knowledge levels of the respondents in improved dairy husbandry practices fall under low, medium and high categories are 14%, 76% and 10% respectively. The knowledge index of different aspect of improved dairy husbandry practices of feeding, breeding, general management and healthcare practices wer...
A survey was conducted in 45 villages of Surat, Navsari and Bharuch districts of South Gujarat re... more A survey was conducted in 45 villages of Surat, Navsari and Bharuch districts of South Gujarat region. A total of 1243 goat keepers having 8948 goats were contacted to study their socio-economic status. The sex ratio in goats up to one year of age is 1: 1.27 whereas in adult goats it was found to be 1:8.48 for male: female in the survey area. The caste based analysis of goat keepers revealed that goat keeping was most widely practiced profession in the scheduled tribe (45.45%) community followed by general category people (31.38%) mostly belonging to the muslim community. The primary profession of the majority (68.38%) of goat keepers was farm labour coupled with animal husbandry. The study indicated that 64.92% of the goat keepers had average flock size of 1–5 animals. The average annual income was recorded less than Rs. 10000/- per family in 74.26% goat keepers while 4.91% goat keepers had more than Rs. 30000/- annual income. The average size of a goat keeper's family was 4.96...
Weekly blood biochemical and mineral profiles of 11 suckled postpartum anoestrus Surti buffaloes ... more Weekly blood biochemical and mineral profiles of 11 suckled postpartum anoestrus Surti buffaloes were studied from the day of calving to at least 91 days postpartum to evaluate the effect of GnRH treatment (250 μg i/m) onday 40 PP (n=6; control n=5). Buffaloes responding to treatment were inseminated, and pregnancy was confirmed 6-8 weeks later. The trend of cholesterol rise on different weeks postpartum was earlier and higher in GnRH treatment group than that in control group. Total cholesterol levels of treated buffaloes were significantly higher in comparison to control group on 5-6 weeks (216.97 ′ 9.88 vs 153.45 ′ 11.75 mg%) and 13-14 weeks postpartum (263.48 ′34.17 vs 204.06′17.98 mg%). The values of total protein were significantly lower in GnRH treatment group than that in control at 1-2 and 11-14 weeks postpartum. The calcium and phosphorus levels of treated group were significantly lower than control only at 7-8 and 5-6 weeks postpartum respectively. The weekly profile of C...
The effect of GnRH (250 μg im) on postpartum Surti buffaloes with smooth inactive ovaries till da... more The effect of GnRH (250 μg im) on postpartum Surti buffaloes with smooth inactive ovaries till day 40 was studied on 6 animals, and 5 were kept as control. Blood plasma profiles of P 4 and E 2 - 17 β were estimated by standard RIA procedures. The reproductive performance and ovarian events recorded with the help of rectal palpation findings were correlated to P 4 and E 2 profiles. Significantly higher progesterone levels were observed in the GnRH treated than the control buffaloes on 9-10 weeks (2.78′0.71 vs 0.87′0.49 ng/ml) and 11-12 weeks (2.86′0.83 vs 1.04′0.52 ng/ml) postpartum. The plasma E 2 -17 β levels following GnRH treatment increased for variable periods with a typical profile in 3 buffaloes followed by oestrus. GnRH treated buffaloes resumed ovarian activity on day 45.83′0.30 postpartum in contrast to day 64.00′2.27 in 4 untreated buffaloes. The occurrence of first heat postpartum in GnRH treated vs control group was 54.83′2.18 vs 96.75′14.39 days (P<0.05). The treatm...
Postpartum true anoestrus (6) and suboestrus (5) Surti buffaloes of an organized farm confirmed b... more Postpartum true anoestrus (6) and suboestrus (5) Surti buffaloes of an organized farm confirmed by thrice rectal palpation 10 days apart from 12th week postpartum were treated with single i/m injection of 5 ml receptal and 5 ml lutalyse on 15th week postpartum, respectively, keeping some animals (4 and 3) of same status as control, to see the oestrus induction response and conception rate including weekly evaluation of blood biochemical. metabolic and mineral profile, 3 weeks before through 6 weeks after treatment, i.e. 12th to 20th week postpartum. Five (88.33%) GnRh treated true anoestrus buffaloes exhibited heat by mean interval of 19.33±7.89 days and all 5 conceived within 2 cycles/Al as against 27.75±12.39 days with 50.00% (2/4) conception in control group by 20th week postpartum. Similarly, all the 5 PGF2a treated suboestrus buffaloes (100%) exhibited pronounced oestrus within 3.40±0.40 days as against 91.33±76.86 days in control group from the date of treatment schedule, with...
The study was carried out to study individual test day variability in yield and composition of Su... more The study was carried out to study individual test day variability in yield and composition of Surti and Jafarabadi buffaloes milk at day 15 and 60 postpartum (pp). 10 healthy Surti and Jafarabadi buffaloes of each breed were selected at random from Livestock Research Station, Navsari and Cattle Breeding Farm, Junagadh, Gujarat, respectively. Buffaloes were further divided into four different groups for data analysis and comparisons. Overall mean Test day milk yield (TDMY) was found to be steady without any notable significant differences among the four groups of buffaloes. There was increase of 0.88 kg and 0.33 kg in mean Fat and protein corrected test day milk yield (FPCTDMY) with advancement of lactation between day 15 and 60 pp in Surti and Jafarabadi buffaloes, respectively. The mean FPCTDMY of S15 and J15 groups were found to be significantly different (p≤0.05), showing 45.07% higher yield in Jafarabadi buffaloes. The mean fat percent of Jafarabadi buffaloes was significantly (p≤0.05) higher with magnitude of 28.79% over fat% of Surti buffaloes at day 60 pp. The mean SNF% in milk of Jafarabadi buffaloes was 12.27%, significantly (p≤0.05) higher than Surti buffaloes milk at day 15 pp. The mean protein% in milk of Jafarabadi buffaloes was 17.71 and 10.51% significantly (p≤0.05) higher than Surti buffaloes milk at day 15 and 60 pp, respectively. The mean lactose% in milk of Jafarabadi buffaloes was 13.39 % higher than Surti buffaloes milk at day 15 pp, the difference being statistically significant (p≤0.05). As major finding, Jafarabadi buffaloes produced significantly higher milk in terms of FPCTDMY (at day 15 pp) and Fat percent (at day 60 pp) as compared to Surti buffaloes, respectively.
A survey was conducted during April, 2014 to December, 2015 and data were collected from randomly... more A survey was conducted during April, 2014 to December, 2015 and data were collected from randomly selected 50 buffalo farm owners through personal interview with the help of pre-tested structured schedule from peri-urban areas of Surat city of Gujarat. The present study revealed that majority of respondents (86%) followed stall feeding system. The 82% respondents did not cultivated green fodder crops and 62 & 90% respondents fed green non-leguminous and shedha grass to their milking buffaloes, respectively. Majority of respondents fed homemade plus compound cattle feed as concentrate to their milking buffaloes, based on milk production, mainly during milking. The 62% respondents fed concentrate to their animals after soaking in water while, 38% respondents fed concentrates as such. Majority of respondents practiced to feed green/dry fodders as such to their buffaloes. Majority of respondents did not fed concentrates to their young calves while, 54% respondents fed concentrates to their heifers. Only 42% respondents provided mineral supplements to their buffaloes. All the respondents detected heat in their animals by observing the symptom of bellowing and mucus discharge (84%) and bred their buffaloes by artificial insemination (52%) between 12–18 hours after heat detection (84%). The 12% respondents bred their buffaloes after 2 to 3 months of calving and 64% respondents followed the pregnancy diagnosis but only 38% did it either from Livestock Inspectors or Artificial Insemination workers during three months of pregnancy. Majority of respondents followed treatment of anoestrous/repeaters in their buffaloes.
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