Cuvinte cheie: schizofrenie, adolescenți, recăderi, evoluție Rezumat: Recăderile multiple caracterizează cursul schizofreniei, la majoritatea pacienților. Identificarea pacienților cu risc de recădere e necesară, dar uneori dificilă... more
Cuvinte cheie: schizofrenie, adolescenți, recăderi, evoluție Rezumat: Recăderile multiple caracterizează cursul schizofreniei, la majoritatea pacienților. Identificarea pacienților cu risc de recădere e necesară, dar uneori dificilă pentru clinician. Studiul de față și-a propus identificarea factorilor de risc asociați cu evoluția cronică și recăderile multiple la copiii și adolescenții diagnosticați cu Tulburare psihotică acută, Schizofrenie sau Tulburare schizoafectivă internați în Clinica Psihiatrie Pediatrică, Cluj-Napoca, în intervalul ianuarie 2005-decembrie 2009. Este un studiu clinic, analitic, observațional, retrospectiv. Pacienții au fost împărțiți în două loturi: un lot cu evoluție favorabilă sub tratament, fără recăderi și un lot cu evoluție cronică sub tratament, cu recăderi frecvente. Studiul a confirmat corelații semnificative statistic între prezența antecedentelor familiale de schizofrenie, antecedentelor personale de afecțiuni neurologice premorbide, și a familiei ...
Multiple relapses characterise the course of illness in most patients with schizophrenia. Identifying the patients at risk of relapse is necessary and sometimes, it may be difficult for the clinician. This study aimed at identifying the... more
Multiple relapses characterise the course of illness in most patients with schizophrenia. Identifying the patients at risk of relapse is necessary and sometimes, it may be difficult for the clinician. This study aimed at identifying the risk factors associated with the chronic course and multiple relapses in children diagnosed with Acute Psychotic Disorder, Schizophrenia or Schizoaffecti ve disorder hospitalized in Pediatric Psychiatry Clinic, Cluj-Napoca, between January 2005 - December 2009. It is a clinical, analytical, observational, retrospective study. The patients were divided into two groups: a group with a favourable course of disorder, without relapses under treatment and a group with chronic course, with frequent relapses under treatment. The study confirmed statistically significant correlation between the presence of family history of schizophrenia , personal history of premorbid neurological disorders and dysfunctional family, and the severe course of psychotic disorde...
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In this chapter we explore self-acceptance in Christianity and rational emotive behavior therapy (REBT). Our thesis is that the self and self-acceptance as evident in fundamental tenets of Christianity and as conceptualized in REBT... more
In this chapter we explore self-acceptance in Christianity and rational emotive behavior therapy (REBT). Our thesis is that the self and self-acceptance as evident in fundamental tenets of Christianity and as conceptualized in REBT overlap or parallel one another sufficiently that they resonate. We will show that this resonance allows use of Christian scripture in therapy to help people attain greater self-acceptance. We chose REBT’s approach to self-acceptance because REBT theory is specific about the nature of the self and self-acceptance, because REBT theory is clear about the function of self-acceptance in emotion and behavior, and because REBT offers a well-defined method for helping clients deal with emotional problems that arise because of conditional self-acceptance (CSA). Helping clients attain unconditional self-acceptance (USA) is one of REBT’s fundamental goals.
AbstractThe purpose of the present study was to compare a program of rational emotive education plus specific primary prevention (developed for restructuring erroneous information about gambling) with a rational emotive education program.... more
AbstractThe purpose of the present study was to compare a program of rational emotive education plus specific primary prevention (developed for restructuring erroneous information about gambling) with a rational emotive education program. Participants were randomized (N = 75, age 12-13) into three groups: 1) Control; 2) Rational emotive education plus specific information about games using the interactive software "Amazing Chateau"; and 3) Rational emotive education. All teenagers filled a 38 items questionnaire regarding their knowledge about gambling, at the beginning and at the end of the study (after 10 weekly meetings). Each item had three answering options, teenagers being asked to choose only one correct answer. The results of the study confirmed that using primary prevention tools designed specifically for gambling activities, along with programs which improve socio-emotional development, as rational emotive education does, is more efficient than using rational emo...
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The present study is based on the assumption that teenagers endorsing high levels of irrational cognitions are prone to higher levels of anxiety, which can be diminished by rational emotive education (REE). To test this assumption we... more
The present study is based on the assumption that teenagers endorsing high levels of irrational cognitions are prone to higher levels of anxiety, which can be diminished by rational emotive education (REE). To test this assumption we developed a brief REE intervention that was offered to a group of 88 10th-12th grade students from a high school in Cluj-Napoca. ABS II (irrationality) scores and STAI and HADS scores (anxiety) were used to assess the dependent variables, whereas the independent variables were represented by the presence/absence of the rational emotive behavior intervention and by gender, respectively. The intervention consisted of a one-hour REE lesson, followed by a 14-day period during which the students were required to read the Rationality vs. Irrationality Decalogue (David, 2007) daily. After two weeks, both groups (intervention/non-intervention) were assessed again. Our results indicate a strong correlation between irrational thinking and anxiety among teenagers....
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Antidepressant medication influences cellular lipogenesis, being associated with metabolic side effects including weight gain. Due to the increasing use of antidepressants in children and adolescents, their metabolic and endocrine adverse... more
Antidepressant medication influences cellular lipogenesis, being associated with metabolic side effects including weight gain. Due to the increasing use of antidepressants in children and adolescents, their metabolic and endocrine adverse effects are of particular concern, especially within this pediatric population that appears to be at greater risk. Genetic factors with a possible influence on antidepressant's adverse effects include CYP [cytochrome P450 (CYP450)] polymorphisms. We target to evaluate the efficacy of the pharmacogenetic testing, when prescribing antidepressants, in correlation with the occurrence of adverse events and weight gain. Our research was performed between the years 2010 and 2016, in the University Clinic of Child and Adolescent Psychiatry, Timisoara, Romania. We recruited 80 patients, children and adolescents with depressive disorders. Our study sample was divided in two groups: G1 - 40 patients took treatment after pharmacogenetic testing, and G2 - 4...
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Background The current study aimed to investigate using a superiority framework the efficacy of a combined treatment (cognitive-behavioral therapy based on behavioral components derived from classical behavioral therapy modifications and... more
Background The current study aimed to investigate using a superiority framework the efficacy of a combined treatment (cognitive-behavioral therapy based on behavioral components derived from classical behavioral therapy modifications and cognitive components mainly derived from rational emotive behavior therapy, plus an attention training component in a virtual environment (CBT/REBT + ATX, N = 20) as compared to psychotherapy alone (CBT/REBT, delivered over 16 weeks, N = 18—reference treatment) and non-stimulant medication alone (atomoxetine; ATX, N = 21—reference treatment) for children with Attention-Deficit/Hyperactivity Disorder (ADHD). Methods A three-arm pilot randomized controlled trial was conducted. Fifty-nine children (M age = 8.46, SD = 1.57) were randomly allocated to one of the 3 conditions. Results Our preliminary findings indicated a significant difference between the CBT/REBT + ATX and ATX group at post-treatment for the total ADHD symptoms rated by parent, d = 1.30, 95% CI [0.63, 1.98], p = 0.010. Conclusions The combined treatment seems to be superior to the medication alone on parent ratings on ADHD symptoms, however, on clinical ratings on ADHD diagnosis and functioning there are no significant group differences between treatments. Future larger trials with follow-up assessments are needed to test the stability of the effects over time.
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Through this research, our main focus was: to investigate the biochemical brain metabolites (NAA-N-acetylaspartate, GABA-Gama-Aminobutyric Acid, Asp-Aspartate, CR-Creatine, Gln-Glutamine, GPC-Glicerophosphocholine, PC-Phosphocholine,... more
Through this research, our main focus was: to investigate the biochemical brain metabolites (NAA-N-acetylaspartate, GABA-Gama-Aminobutyric Acid, Asp-Aspartate, CR-Creatine, Gln-Glutamine, GPC-Glicerophosphocholine, PC-Phosphocholine, PCr-Phosphocreatine, Tau-Taurine, N-MDA-N-Metyl-D-Aspartate, Serine, Glicine, Cho-Choline); the neuroimagistic, the brain biochemical and metabolic abnormalities in children and adolescents with epilepsy before and after treatment; to review the main antiepileptic medication administered to these patients; and to make some correlations with the results obtained through Magnetic Resonance (MR) Spectroscopy, for further proper early detection and intervention in children and adolescents with epilepsy. Our research was performed between 2010-2017, involving 45 children and adolescents with epilepsy. Also, the patients were evaluated through MR Spectroscopy at baseline and after pharmacotherapy. Through the MR Spectroscopy, we investigated key aspects of th...
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Background and Aims. The purpose of the present study was to measure the prevalence of problem and pathological gambling in children and adolescents at a national level, given that previous studies at regional level had demonstrated high... more
Background and Aims. The purpose of the present study was to measure the prevalence of problem and pathological gambling in children and adolescents at a national level, given that previous studies at regional level had demonstrated high rates of prevalence.Methods. After designing the sample (2006 children and adolescents aged 11-19 years) we used two validated instruments for measuring the prevalence of problem and pathological gambling in children and adolescents – South Oaks Gambling Screen –Revised for Adolescents (SOGS-RA) and 20 Questions of Gamblers Anonymous Revised for Adolescents (20 GA-RA).Results. The following data have been found: gambling at risk is 7.1% and problem and pathological gambling is 4%, when results were analyzed by SOGS-RA; prevalence of problem gambling is 10.1% and pathological gambling is 2.6% when results were analyzed by 20 GA-RA.Conclusions. High rates of prevalence are noticed in Romania, similar to other European countries. This rates are based ...
Research Interests: Psychology and Medicine
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The Penn State Worry Questionnaire for Children (PSWQ-C) is one of the most frequently used instruments to assess worry in children. The current study examines the measurement invariance of the PSWQ-C in a Romanian sample. Participants... more
The Penn State Worry Questionnaire for Children (PSWQ-C) is one of the most frequently used instruments to assess worry in children. The current study examines the measurement invariance of the PSWQ-C in a Romanian sample. Participants (n = 759) were recruited from both community and clinical populations. Our findings have replicated the good psychometric properties of the PSWQ-C and of the short PSWQ-C (the original scale with the negative items deleted). Multigroup confirmatory factor analysis has supported measurement invariance (configural, metric, scalar) across gender, age and clinical diagnosis. Convergent validity with other assessment measures has also been established. Finally, the implications of the use of the PSWQ-C in the assessment of anxiety in children and adolescents are discussed.
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ABSTRACT Despite legislative statutes, international research suggests that youth engage in regulated and unregulated forms of gambling. The current study was designed as a cross-cultural, comparative analysis to assess teachers’... more
ABSTRACT Despite legislative statutes, international research suggests that youth engage in regulated and unregulated forms of gambling. The current study was designed as a cross-cultural, comparative analysis to assess teachers’ knowledge and attitudes regarding adolescent gambling and other high-risk behaviours. One-hundred and ninety-four teachers from two regions of Romania, with experience teaching secondary school students, completed an online survey. Results were compared to an existing study looking at the same aspects among three-hundred and ninety Canadian teachers. Results suggest that both Romanian and Canadian teachers are knowledgeable about the proportion of underage youth that participate in gambling activities. Despite this awareness, Romanian teachers perceive gambling as a more serious issue affecting youth and recognize the negative consequences of underage gambling more than Canadian teachers. This is consistent with prevention initiatives, as more Romanian than Canadian teachers believe it is the responsibility of school staff to prevent adolescent gambling and are more open to receiving prevention training in youth gambling. Although international differences were found, gambling, relative to other high-risk adolescent behaviours, remains disregarded as serious problem behaviour. These results suggest that greater strides need to be taken towards increasing international teacher training and education about the short and long-term consequences associated with adolescent problem gambling.
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The liberalization of teenagers' way of life strikingly increased in Romania after 1989; this includes gambling. The goal of our study is to analyze the different aspects of gambling in some teenager communities in Romania. The study... more
The liberalization of teenagers' way of life strikingly increased in Romania after 1989; this includes gambling. The goal of our study is to analyze the different aspects of gambling in some teenager communities in Romania. The study included 500 school-teenagers from 3 different Romanian districts (Cluj, Salaj and Bacau). Of these 217 (43.40%) were males and 283 (56.60%) females. Median age was 16 years old (range 14-19). A structural questionnaire was applied to the teenagers consisting in "The 20 questions of the American Anonymous Gambling Association". Other 20 questions about their age, gender, family, income, school, toxic abuse, gambling preferences, the frequency and the amount of money they use in gambling were also proposed. The results of the study were as it follows: 34 (6.8%) of the tested teenagers were pathological gamblers, 28 (82.36%) males and 6 (17.64%) females, with a ratio F:M of 1:4.6. The average age of starting gambling was 13.25 1.51 years old...
Research Interests: Psychology, Adolescent, Medicine, Romania, Humans, and 7 moreGambling, Female, Male, Minerva Medica, Prevalence, Adult, and Socioeconomic Factors
The study was performed on three groups, each including 10 male Wistar rats, weighing 110-130 g: group 1, the control group; group 2, animals treated with magnesium sulfate in a dose of 100 mg/kg body/day i.m.; group 3, animals treated... more
The study was performed on three groups, each including 10 male Wistar rats, weighing 110-130 g: group 1, the control group; group 2, animals treated with magnesium sulfate in a dose of 100 mg/kg body/day i.m.; group 3, animals treated with double dose of magnesium sulfate (200 mg/kg body/day i.m.). All animals were tested for emotivity and spontaneous motility in the open field, as well as for their capacity of acquiring active avoidance conditioned reflexes in the shuttle-box, for 9 days. Magnesium sulfate decreased significantly the learning ability, decreased emotivity scores regardless of the administered dose, and increased significantly spontaneous motility scores only in the double dose treated group.
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The study was performed on three groups of male rats of the Wistar strain at the age of three months: group 1 (n = 10), the control group; group 2 (n = 10), consisting of animals treated neonatally (from day 4 through day 10) with ethanol... more
The study was performed on three groups of male rats of the Wistar strain at the age of three months: group 1 (n = 10), the control group; group 2 (n = 10), consisting of animals treated neonatally (from day 4 through day 10) with ethanol 20%, administered by gavage to the mothers, at the dose of 5 g/kg body/day; group 3 (n = 10) of animals exposed to ethanol under similar conditions, but whose mothers have been injected a reduced glutathione (TAD-600) solution in a dose of 2 mg/100 g body weight of the mother. All the animals were weight ed before the test of behavior. The neonatal administration of ethanol caused ponderal weight retardation, which was not influenced by TAD-600 administrations. Also, a decrease in the scores of emotivity and spontaneous motility in the open field was noticed, as well as difficulties in the acquisition of active avoidance conditioned reflexes in the shuttle-box. Concomitant glutathione administration during the neonatal period significantly improves...
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Cognitive-behavioral psychotherapies (CBT) are among the first-line interventions for major depressive disorder (MDD), and a significant number of studies indicate their efficacy in the treatment of this disorder. However, differential... more
Cognitive-behavioral psychotherapies (CBT) are among the first-line interventions for major depressive disorder (MDD), and a significant number of studies indicate their efficacy in the treatment of this disorder. However, differential effects of various forms of CBT have seldom been analyzed in the same experimental design. On the basis of data collected in a randomized clinical trial comparing the efficacy of rational-emotive behavior therapy (REBT), cognitive therapy (CT), and pharmacotherapy (SSRI) in the treatment of MDD, the present article investigates the theory of change advanced by REBT and CT. Measures included to test the two theories of change assess three classes of cognitions: (a) automatic thoughts, (b) dysfunctional attitudes, and (c) irrational beliefs. The results indicate that REBT and CT (and also pharmacotherapy) indiscriminately affect the three classes of cognitions. On the long term (follow-up), a change in implicit demandingness seems more strongly associated with reduced depression and relapse prevention. (PsycINFO Database Record (c) 2010 APA, all rights reserved).
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Gambling becomes a more frequent activity among children as they have an easy access to the world of the games. In the same time children are at a higher risk for developing problem and/or pathological gambling having erroneous... more
Gambling becomes a more frequent activity among children as they have an easy access to the world of the games. In the same time children are at a higher risk for developing problem and/or pathological gambling having erroneous information about how games of chance and games of skill work. The purpose of the study was to compare the influence of specific primary prevention with rational emotive education (REE) on the subjects' knowledge about games. The experimental design randomly assigned children (N = 81, age 12–13, 37 male and 44 female) into three groups: 1. control, 2. specific information about games using the interactive software "Amazing Chateau", and 3. REE. All children completed a questionnaire with 38 items at the beginning of the study and after 10 weekly interventional meetings. Each item had three answering options, children choosing only one correct answer. Findings indicated that the use of the software significantly improved subjects' knowledge about gambling and corrected their information about how games work. The results of the study confirmed that using specific primary prevention tools for changing erroneous conceptions about games is more efficient than using only REE. The implications of these results for the prevention of gambling problems especially in schools are discussed.
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The aim of this study was to find out what is the prevalence of pathological in Romanian teenagers. We questioned one thousand thirty-two teenagers in Cluj-Napoca and Harghita counties. Participants completed a questionnaire with 40 items... more
The aim of this study was to find out what is the prevalence of pathological in Romanian teenagers. We questioned one thousand thirty-two teenagers in Cluj-Napoca and Harghita counties. Participants completed a questionnaire with 40 items including gamblers anonymous twenty questions. The sample included teenagers aged 11-19 years; 65.57% were male and 34.43% were female. The subjects were divided into three groups: non-gambling/recreational gambling or occasional gambling (0-1 positive answers -Level 1)-753 subjects (72.96%) [316 females and 437 males]; problem gambling (2-6 points-Level 2)-243 subjects (23.54%) [43 females and 200 males]; pathological gambling (above 7 points-Level 3)-36 subjects (3.48%) [3 females and 33 males]. The mean age of pathological gamblers was 16.48 years. Gender differences were as expected, males engaging in pathological gambling (91.66% from pathological gamblers) more than females did (8.33% from pathological gamblers). Data revealed that the most encountered games practiced weekly were sport bets and slot machines in the case of 36.11% of the pathological gamblers; lotto, internet casino and pool bets each with 25%, followed by roulette and black-jack with 22.22%.From those who reported practicing gambling at a pathological level 66.66% engaged in alcohol consumption, 13.88% illicit drug use and 19.44% licit drugs. Just 16.66% smoke cigarettes. Data revealed higher rates of prevalence in Romanian teenagers than in other Central and Eastern European countries. A prevalence study at a national level should be designed.
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Research Interests: Clinical Psychology, Cognitive Science, Depression, Medicine, Humans, and 15 moreMajor Depressive Disorder, Behavior Therapy, Female, Clinical, Cognitive Therapy, Male, Cost effectiveness, Middle Aged, Adult, Analysis of Variance, FLUOXETINE, Cost Benefit Analysis, Health Care Costs, Psychiatric Status Rating Scales, and dfd
Research Interests: Psychology, Clinical Psychology, Cognitive Science, Treatment Outcome, Prospective studies, and 13 moreHumans, Personality Assessment Inventory, Major Depressive Disorder, Behavior Therapy, Cognitive Therapy, Patient Compliance, Follow-up studies, Longitudinal Studies, Randomized Clinical Trial, Psychological Models, Serotonin Uptake Inhibitors, Psychiatric Status Rating Scales, and Personality Inventory
A randomized clinical trial was undertaken to investigate the relative efficacy of rational-emotive behavior therapy (REBT), cognitive therapy (CT), and pharmacotherapy in the treatment of 170 outpatients with nonpsychotic major... more
A randomized clinical trial was undertaken to investigate the relative efficacy of rational-emotive behavior therapy (REBT), cognitive therapy (CT), and pharmacotherapy in the treatment of 170 outpatients with nonpsychotic major depressive disorder. The patients were randomly assigned to one of the following: 14 weeks of REBT, 14 weeks of CT, or 14 weeks of pharmacotherapy (fluoxetine). The outcome measures used were the Hamilton Rating Scale for Depression and the Beck Depression Inventory. No differences among treatment conditions at posttest were observed. A larger effect of REBT (significant) and CT (nonsignificant) over pharmacotherapy at 6 months follow-up was noted on the Hamilton Rating Scale for Depression only. © 2008 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. J Clin Psychol 64:728-746, 2008.
Research Interests: Psychology, Clinical Psychology, Cognitive Science, Treatment Outcome, Prospective studies, and 13 moreHumans, Personality Assessment Inventory, Major Depressive Disorder, Behavior Therapy, Cognitive Therapy, Patient Compliance, Follow-up studies, Longitudinal Studies, Randomized Clinical Trial, Psychological Models, Serotonin Uptake Inhibitors, Psychiatric Status Rating Scales, and Personality Inventory
Cognitive-behavioral psychotherapies (CBT) are among the first-line interventions for major depressive disorder (MDD), and a significant number of studies indicate their efficacy in the treatment of this disorder. However, differential... more
Cognitive-behavioral psychotherapies (CBT) are among the first-line interventions for major depressive disorder (MDD), and a significant number of studies indicate their efficacy in the treatment of this disorder. However, differential effects of various forms of CBT have seldom been analyzed in the same experimental design. On the basis of data collected in a randomized clinical trial comparing the efficacy of rational-emotive behavior therapy (REBT), cognitive therapy (CT), and pharmacotherapy (SSRI) in the treatment of MDD, the present article investigates the theory of change advanced by REBT and CT. Measures included to test the two theories of change assess three classes of cognitions: (a) automatic thoughts, (b) dysfunctional attitudes, and (c) irrational beliefs. The results indicate that REBT and CT (and also pharmacotherapy) indiscriminately affect the three classes of cognitions. On the long term (follow-up), a change in implicit demandingness seems more strongly associat...
Research Interests:
Research Interests: Clinical Psychology, Cognitive Science, Depression, Medicine, Humans, and 15 moreMajor Depressive Disorder, Behavior Therapy, Female, Clinical, Cognitive Therapy, Male, Cost effectiveness, Middle Aged, Adult, Analysis of Variance, FLUOXETINE, Cost Benefit Analysis, Health Care Costs, Psychiatric Status Rating Scales, and dfd
The current treatment of Attention Deficit Disorder and Attention Deficit with Hyperactivity consists mainly in the administration of Straterra (Atomoxetine) Concerta and Ritalin (Methylphenidate). The FDA warned that the products might... more
The current treatment of Attention Deficit Disorder and Attention Deficit with Hyperactivity consists mainly in the administration of Straterra (Atomoxetine) Concerta and Ritalin (Methylphenidate). The FDA warned that the products might increase systolic, diastolic blood pressure, and lead to ventricular arrhythmias. Arrhythmic events and sudden cardiac death were described in adults with preexistent heart disease. However, studies on children have failed to demonstrate a clear association between the arrhythmic events and these drugs, as demonstrated in adults. What should the attitude of the pediatric psychiatrist be towards the administration of these products? What examination should be made by the psychiatrist before referring the child to a pediatric cardiologist? Which patients need a cardiology consultation before the administration of these products? What is the follow-up after drug initiation? These are some questions that this paper aims to answer.
The objective was to study the correlation between the mathematical form of a chemical that we want to lower its initial concentration by the regressive method and the purging of the body�s toxic present chemicals that need to be... more
The objective was to study the correlation between the mathematical form of a chemical that we want to lower its initial concentration by the regressive method and the purging of the body�s toxic present chemicals that need to be eliminated. We developed a chemical model, by which, to a given volume, with a certain (X - concentration %) dissolved substance in a container, the initial solvent, without solvit, is added (concentration 0%) with an equal rhythm to the one that is lost from the used container. The solution that will be lost will contain less and less concentrations of solvit, compared to the initial value X%. At the same time, the concentration of our chemical model will decrease. We applied a regressive mathematical formula to this model in order to calculate the concentration in the container in each moment. At the same time, we conducted treatment sessions in patients in which certain substances need to be eliminated, a procedure that complies with the described chemic...
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Antidepressant medication influences cellular lipogenesis, being associated with metabolic side effects including weight gain. Due to the increasing use of antidepressants in children and adolescents, their metabolic and endocrine adverse... more
Antidepressant medication influences cellular lipogenesis, being associated with metabolic side effects including weight gain. Due to the increasing use of antidepressants in children and adolescents, their metabolic and endocrine adverse effects are of particular concern, especially within this pediatric population that appears to be at greater risk. Genetic factors with a possible influence on antidepressant's adverse effects include CYP [cytochrome P450 (CYP450)] polymorphisms. We target to evaluate the efficacy of the pharmacogenetic testing, when prescribing antidepressants, in correlation with the occurrence of adverse events and weight gain. Our research was performed between the years 2010 and 2016, in the University Clinic of Child and Adolescent Psychiatry, Timisoara, Romania. We recruited 80 patients, children and adolescents with depressive disorders. Our study sample was divided in two groups: G1 - 40 patients took treatment after pharmacogenetic testing, and G2 - 4...