Vishal Kumar

n Automatic Emergency Braking System (AEBS) combines Advanced Driver Assist systems and Electronic Stability Control to slow down the vehicle and potentially mitigate the severity of an impact when a collision is inevitable. The paper deals with our own way of designing and implementing automatic emergency braking using the concepts of mechanical and electronics engineering or ‘MECHATRONICS’. It also explains the benefits of various parts and why they are used specifically. The advantages of AEBS over conventional braking system are explained along with the future developments which may be possible in this field.

Advances in computed tomography (CT) angiography have increased the sensitivity and specificity of detecting small branch arterial injuries in the extremities of trauma patients. However, it is unclear whether these patients should undergo surgery, angioembolization, or conservative watchful waiting. We hypothesized that uncomplicated small arterial branch injuries can be managed successfully with watchful waiting. A 10-year retrospective review of extremity CT angiograms with search findings of arterial "active extravasation" or "pseudoaneurysm" was performed at a level 1 county trauma center. Subgroup analysis was performed on those with isolated extremity injury and those with concurrent injuries. A total of 31 patients had CT-detected active extravasation (84 %) or…

ABSTRACT In this paper the application of Particle Swarm Optimization (PSO) technique for active and reactive power compensation of power distribution loss has been proposed. The active and reactive power compensation can be obtained by the optimal placement of DG and Capacitor. The evaluation of optimal power factor of the system has also been carried out in this work. To solve the optimal placement problem PSO technique has been used. The locations of DG and capacitor play an important role in maintaining voltage profiles. The results obtained from PSO have also been compared with the fast analytical approach. The proposed technique is tested on 33-bus power distribution system.

Abstract A fuzzy logic control scheme has been proposed here for binary distillation column. To get the desired composition of products for a binary distillation column, manipulated variables have been adjusted by proposed Fuzzy Inference Systems (FIS). Two separate ...

Abstract In this paper a fuzzy logic based control scheme has been proposed for distillation column. Fuzzy Inference Systems (FIS) is proposed to adjust the manipulated variables to get the desired composition of products for a binary distillation column. To control the top ...

Artificial neural networks can provide good empirical controllers for complex nonlinear processes, because they are nets of basis functions that are useful for many purposes including process control. It is shown here that how artificial neural networks can design the column controller and demonstrate that the network controller is as good as or better than a fuzzy rule based controller. This paper investigates the design of a neural network based controller to control the concentration of the overhead and bottom product in the model of a distillation column.

A case of a 50-year-old pedestrian who was hit by a bike and suffered fractures of both bones of his right leg was presented. Complete clinical and radiographic assessment showed double segmental fractures of the tibia and multisegmental fractures of the fibula. Review of the literature revealed that this fracture pattern was unique and only a single case was reported so far. Moreover, we discussed the possible mechanisms which can lead to such an injury. We also discussed the management of segmental tibial fracture and the difficulties encountered with them. This case was managed by modern osteosynthesis technique with a pleasing outcome.

Isolated coronal fracture of medial femoral condyle with intact lateral femoral condyle is extremely rare. A high index of suspicion is necessary for early diagnosis especially in cases of undisplaced fractures. Here we report a case of medial Hoffa fracture in a post-polio limb presenting as chronic pain. Management of such fractures in limbs affected by late sequelae of poliomyelitis is particularly problematic in view of osteoporosis and osseous hypoplasia. The fracture was approached through medial parapatellar arthrotomy and fixation was done with cannulated cancellous screws in anteroposterior direction. Union was achieved at 16 weeks.

The thyroid gland is an important and easily approachable endocrine gland, situated in the lower part of anterior aspect of neck. The Levator glandulae thyroidea (LGT) is a fibro-musculo-glandular band. It is usually present on the left side connecting the pyramidal lobe of thyroid gland to the hyoid bone. During the routine dissection of neck it was observed that the LGT was present on the right side of midline of neck extending from pyramidal lobe of the right side of isthmus of thyroid gland to the inferior border of hyoid bone. It was muscular throughout with 6.5cm in length, 1.5cm breadth and 1.75mm in its thickness. This is a rare variation in the morphology and situation of LGT observed for the first time. The presence of LGT and its anatomical variations gain importance in the pathologies related to thyroid gland and their treatment modalities.

Uncus or uncinate process is flange-like lip which arises from most of the lateral circumference of the upper margin of the vertebral body. It ossifies from neural arch of vertebrae. These are commonly found in lower five cervical vertebrae. The area between the periphery of intervertebral disc and uncus is occupied by loose fibrous tissue. When this fibrous tissue resorbs it leaves a space that constitutes Luschka's joint. These joints are well developed and larger in the mid to lower cervical region and smaller joints appear in the most cranial and caudal levels. We have found total of 23 such type of articular facets, on both upper and lower surfaces. These joints are clinically important because of its relationship with vessels and nerves. Many of the neurological symptoms of the arm, neck and back of the head are related to these accomadative joints

The non-sinusoidal inrush current has high magnitude and hence the discrimination from the other operating conditions such as internal faults becomes difficult in the protection of a power transformer. This paper proposes an effective method based on wavelet transform for the differentiation between inrush current and internal fault current in indirect symmetrical phase shift transformer (ISPST). Conventional Parseval's theorem has been used to calculate the wavelet energy of the differential current and a suitable threshold is decided for the discrimination between inrush and internal fault condition of ISPST. Different types of internal fault and inrush current conditions under a wide range of switching angle have been considered for the verification of the proposed method in the present simulation study. PSCAD/EMTDC has been utilized as simulation plateform.

Anatomical studies regarding the inferior oblique muscle are scarce and the exact location of the entry of oculomotor nerve to the muscle has not been reported. In the present study, the objectives were to examine the exact location of the entry of oculomotor nerve to the inferior oblique muscle and to study the topographical anatomy of the muscle. The study included 56 intact orbits from 28 embalmed south Indian adult cadavers. The entire course of the nerve to the inferior oblique was exposed from both anterior and posterior aspects in all specimens. The exact location of the entry of nerve supplying the inferior oblique muscle was identified and the distances of the muscle from inferior and medial orbital margins were measured. The oculomotor nerve entered the inferior oblique muscle through the orbital surface in 42 (75%) cases, through the ocular surface in 10 (17.9%) cases and through the posterior border in 4 (7.1%) cases. The distance of the muscle from the inferior orbital ...

ABSTRACT A Frequency reconfigurable antenna using RF MEMS technology is presented in this paper. The antenna is designed to achieve reconfigurability within the band i.e. Intraband (S-band). The shift in frequency was obtained by changing the dimension of the patch (along the radiating edge) with the help of the stub. RF MEMS based Ohmic contact (metal to metal) series switch which was placed between the main patch and the stub for connection. An Electrostatic actuation mechanism was involved in the actuation of the switch to achieve the reconfigurability. At zero DC bias i.e. switch OFF state, the antenna works at higher frequency. With the application of proper DC bias i.e. switch ON state, the stub gets connected to the patch which increases its dimension and works at lower frequency. There is a good agreement between simulated and measured results.

ABSTRACT A transition metal-free process, promoted by sodium borohydride, has been developed for convenient and selective hydration of nitriles to corresponding amides. The present process converts the aromatic, aliphatic, and heteroaromatic nitriles with wide functional group tolerance. The regioselective hydration of one nitrile moiety in the presence of an other nitrile group makes high impact in the present protocol. [Supplementary materials are available for this article. Go to the publisher's online edition of Synthetic Communications (R) for the following free supplemental resource: Full experimental and spectral details.]

To get the better product quality and to decrease the energy consumption of the distillation column, an accurate and suitable nonlinear model is crucial important. In this work, two types of model have been developed for an existing experimental setup of continuous binary distillation column (BDC). First model is a theoretical tray-to-tray binary distillation model for describing the steady-state behavior of composition in response to changes in reflux flows and in reboiler duty. Another model is an artificial neural network (ANN)–based input/output data relationship model. In ANN-based model, temperature of first tray, feed flow rate, and column pressures have been taken in addition to reflux flow rate and reboiler heat duty as inputs to give the more accurate I/O relationship. The comparison of output of ANN model and the equation-based model with the real-time output of the experimental setup of BDC has been given for the validation of developed models.

The objective of present research work is to develop a neural network–based model predictive control scheme (NN-MPC) for distillation column. To fulfill this objective, an existing laboratory setup of continuous binary-type distillation column (BDC) is used. An equation-based model that uses the fundamental physical and chemical laws along with valid normal assumptions is validated for this experimental setup. Model predictive control (MPC) is one of the main process control techniques explored in the recent past for various chemical engineering applications; therefore, the conventional MPC scheme and the proposed NN-MPC scheme are applied on the equation-based model to control the methanol composition. In NN-MPC scheme, a three-layer feedforward neural network model has been developed and is used to predict the methanol composition over a prediction horizon using the MPC algorithm for searching the optimal control moves. The training data is acquired by the simulation of the equati...

Hepatitis A is the most common cause of viral hepatitis in children. Its association with pleural effusion has rarely been reported. The present communication describes three cases of hepatitis A associated with pleural effusion. All three had complete clinical, biochemical and radiological recovery. In view of spontaneous resolution, diagnostic or therapeutic pleural tap is not warranted.

The separation of signal and noise is a key issue in seismic data processing. By noise, we refer to the incoherent noise that is present in the data. We make use of the parsimonious representation of seismic data in the curvelet domain to perform the noise suppression. The problem can ...