The science of our time is able to recognize the acts of development that led to the emergence of... more The science of our time is able to recognize the acts of development that led to the emergence of increasingly complex beings on Earth. It is precisely such qualitative transformations that are the main subject of philosophy. Knowledge of the prerequisites and laws of development also makes it possible to understand the conditions for the formation of a person and his special mentality, the specifics of consciousness, cognitive and creative processes. The study of such phenomena is fundamentally inaccessible to natural sciences. Philosophy supplements these sciences and together with them allows us to understand this world.
Popper's "proofs" are based on comparison of natural and historical theories. At the same time he... more Popper's "proofs" are based on comparison of natural and historical theories. At the same time he does not pay attention to what compares different essences: laws of natural sciences but concrete historical events. The principle of falsification also is unacceptable, if to consider that theories are obliged to note external conditions of their applicability because of which any fact, having in mind infinite and changeable influence of surrounding reality cannot affirmatively correspond to required conditions. Formal logic in principle cannot to estimate cognition results.
The topic concerns biology in an expanded interpretation also covers the level of physiology. Wor... more The topic concerns biology in an expanded interpretation also covers the level of physiology. Works on evolutionary physiology have shown the stages of formation of higher beings with a developed central nervous system, which took place over hundreds of millions years. To a certain extent this process is also characteristic of general biological development.
Basic knowledge about the patterns of development of all things on Earth and information from eth... more Basic knowledge about the patterns of development of all things on Earth and information from ethnographers about the ancient period of human history make it possible to understand how communication led to the formation of consciousness and related forms, in particular speech, words, as codes of action. Creative activity based on the revealed qualities of phenomena is also becoming an important factor in people's existence. Changes in the relations between societies, first of all wars, and, as a result, stratification within societies caused people's opposition. Such relationships have led to the formation of self-awareness and the concept of personality.
Fundamental theories of history should be based on the concept of evolution. Because man and huma... more Fundamental theories of history should be based on the concept of evolution. Because man and humanity are creatures of the natural world, they also obey the general laws of development. Therefore, the most useful concepts for understanding evolution are philosophical theories based on the knowledge of the development process. Such a theory, Hegel's theory, based on the formation of the genome, appeared two centuries ago. Marxism was based on this philosophy, but in a materialistic view. The achievements of the sciences over the new centuries have made it possible to create a modern scientific philosophy. Today on the basis of this philosophy it is possible to reasonably produce the evolutionary path of mankind, its history and the trend of subsequent movement.
Fundamental theories of history should be based on the concept of evolution. Because man and huma... more Fundamental theories of history should be based on the concept of evolution. Because man and humanity are creatures of the natural world, they also obey the general laws of development. Therefore, the most useful concepts for understanding evolution are philosophical theories based on the knowledge of the development process. Such a theory, Hegel's theory, based on the formation of the genome, appeared two centuries ago. Marxism was based on this philosophy, but in a materialistic view. The achievements of the sciences over the new centuries have made it possible to create a modern scientific philosophy. Today on the basis of this philosophy it is possible to reasonably produce the evolutionary path of mankind, its history and the trend of subsequent movement.
On this basis, a philosophy of history has been developed, which represents the pattern of human evolution, the current stage and the trend of subsequent transformations.
The fact that qualitative transformation is caused by the "internalization" of the effects of ext... more The fact that qualitative transformation is caused by the "internalization" of the effects of external signs explains the essence of cognition and interaction with the environment. At the initial stage of the development of life on Earth this factor manifested itself in the morphological and genetic complexity of organisms. Later along with the development of the nervous system functional changes that form interaction with the outside world began to become increasingly important. As a result sensations, perceptions and representations became the basis for the formation of consciousness in the conditions of necessary human communication. At the level of higher nervous activity, this process can be explained as follows. The usual vital need as motivation activates the nervous organs that were previously formed for favorable behavior under certain circumstances. But when this pattern of actions becomes ineffective and something necessary is unavailable then external motor activity slows down. In this case the remaining internal neural activation closes on mental actions but with previously reflected traces of external objects. This process is a kind of internal imitation in the central nervous system (CNS) of actions with the representation of a useful object in an effort to get the desired effect. The created pattern of satisfactory actions can be implemented in external activities.
The science of our time is able to recognize the acts of development that led to the emergence of... more The science of our time is able to recognize the acts of development that led to the emergence of increasingly complex beings on Earth. It is precisely such qualitative transformations that are the main subject of philosophy. Knowledge of the prerequisites and laws of development also makes it possible to understand the conditions for the formation of a person and his special mentality, the specifics of consciousness, cognitive and creative processes. The study of such phenomena is fundamentally inaccessible to natural sciences. Philosophy supplements these sciences and together with them allows us to understand this world.
Popper's "proofs" are based on comparison of natural and historical theories. At the same time he... more Popper's "proofs" are based on comparison of natural and historical theories. At the same time he does not pay attention to what compares different essences: laws of natural sciences but concrete historical events. The principle of falsification also is unacceptable, if to consider that theories are obliged to note external conditions of their applicability because of which any fact, having in mind infinite and changeable influence of surrounding reality cannot affirmatively correspond to required conditions. Formal logic in principle cannot to estimate cognition results.
The topic concerns biology in an expanded interpretation also covers the level of physiology. Wor... more The topic concerns biology in an expanded interpretation also covers the level of physiology. Works on evolutionary physiology have shown the stages of formation of higher beings with a developed central nervous system, which took place over hundreds of millions years. To a certain extent this process is also characteristic of general biological development.
Basic knowledge about the patterns of development of all things on Earth and information from eth... more Basic knowledge about the patterns of development of all things on Earth and information from ethnographers about the ancient period of human history make it possible to understand how communication led to the formation of consciousness and related forms, in particular speech, words, as codes of action. Creative activity based on the revealed qualities of phenomena is also becoming an important factor in people's existence. Changes in the relations between societies, first of all wars, and, as a result, stratification within societies caused people's opposition. Such relationships have led to the formation of self-awareness and the concept of personality.
Fundamental theories of history should be based on the concept of evolution. Because man and huma... more Fundamental theories of history should be based on the concept of evolution. Because man and humanity are creatures of the natural world, they also obey the general laws of development. Therefore, the most useful concepts for understanding evolution are philosophical theories based on the knowledge of the development process. Such a theory, Hegel's theory, based on the formation of the genome, appeared two centuries ago. Marxism was based on this philosophy, but in a materialistic view. The achievements of the sciences over the new centuries have made it possible to create a modern scientific philosophy. Today on the basis of this philosophy it is possible to reasonably produce the evolutionary path of mankind, its history and the trend of subsequent movement.
Fundamental theories of history should be based on the concept of evolution. Because man and huma... more Fundamental theories of history should be based on the concept of evolution. Because man and humanity are creatures of the natural world, they also obey the general laws of development. Therefore, the most useful concepts for understanding evolution are philosophical theories based on the knowledge of the development process. Such a theory, Hegel's theory, based on the formation of the genome, appeared two centuries ago. Marxism was based on this philosophy, but in a materialistic view. The achievements of the sciences over the new centuries have made it possible to create a modern scientific philosophy. Today on the basis of this philosophy it is possible to reasonably produce the evolutionary path of mankind, its history and the trend of subsequent movement.
On this basis, a philosophy of history has been developed, which represents the pattern of human evolution, the current stage and the trend of subsequent transformations.
The fact that qualitative transformation is caused by the "internalization" of the effects of ext... more The fact that qualitative transformation is caused by the "internalization" of the effects of external signs explains the essence of cognition and interaction with the environment. At the initial stage of the development of life on Earth this factor manifested itself in the morphological and genetic complexity of organisms. Later along with the development of the nervous system functional changes that form interaction with the outside world began to become increasingly important. As a result sensations, perceptions and representations became the basis for the formation of consciousness in the conditions of necessary human communication. At the level of higher nervous activity, this process can be explained as follows. The usual vital need as motivation activates the nervous organs that were previously formed for favorable behavior under certain circumstances. But when this pattern of actions becomes ineffective and something necessary is unavailable then external motor activity slows down. In this case the remaining internal neural activation closes on mental actions but with previously reflected traces of external objects. This process is a kind of internal imitation in the central nervous system (CNS) of actions with the representation of a useful object in an effort to get the desired effect. The created pattern of satisfactory actions can be implemented in external activities.
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On this basis, a philosophy of history has been developed, which represents the pattern of human evolution, the current stage and the trend of subsequent transformations.
At the level of higher nervous activity, this process can be explained as follows. The usual vital need as motivation activates the nervous organs that were previously formed for favorable behavior under certain circumstances. But when this pattern of actions becomes ineffective and something necessary is unavailable then external motor activity slows down. In this case the remaining internal neural activation closes on mental actions but with previously reflected traces of external objects. This process is a kind of internal imitation in the central nervous system (CNS) of actions with the representation of a useful object in an effort to get the desired effect. The created pattern of satisfactory actions can be implemented in external activities.
On this basis, a philosophy of history has been developed, which represents the pattern of human evolution, the current stage and the trend of subsequent transformations.
At the level of higher nervous activity, this process can be explained as follows. The usual vital need as motivation activates the nervous organs that were previously formed for favorable behavior under certain circumstances. But when this pattern of actions becomes ineffective and something necessary is unavailable then external motor activity slows down. In this case the remaining internal neural activation closes on mental actions but with previously reflected traces of external objects. This process is a kind of internal imitation in the central nervous system (CNS) of actions with the representation of a useful object in an effort to get the desired effect. The created pattern of satisfactory actions can be implemented in external activities.