The user has requested enhancement of the downloaded file. All in-text references underlined in b... more The user has requested enhancement of the downloaded file. All in-text references underlined in blue are added to the original document and are linked to publications on ResearchGate, letting you access and read them immediately.
ABSTRACT Polytypic ZnS nanocables have been fabricated by controlled experimental conditions. Hig... more ABSTRACT Polytypic ZnS nanocables have been fabricated by controlled experimental conditions. High-resolution transmission electron microscopy (HRTEM) has directly given the evidence that the core wire is a cubic zinc blende (CZB) ZnS nanowire. The sheathed layers grown over the surface of the core in the radial direction are the hexagonal wurtzite (HWZ) ZnS twinned-crystal structure. The growth mechanism of the polytypic ZnS nanocables is proposed on the basis of a two-step process: catalyzed and self-catalyzed. The CZB-phase ZnS nanowires are synthesized by vapor−liquid−solid (VLS) deposition techniques at low temperature. Then, the CZB-phase ZnS plays a role in nucleating HWZ-phase ZnS at higher temperature. So the HWZ-phase ZnS sheathed layer is suggested to be the self-catalyzed growth from the surface of the CZB-phase ZnS. A favorable choice of HWZ phase over CZB when forming nanostructures is likely to be a result of surface energy minimization.
Hydrology and Earth System Sciences Discussions, 2010
Hydrological models are important tools for effective management, conservation and restoration of... more Hydrological models are important tools for effective management, conservation and restoration of forested wetlands. The objective of this study was to test a distributed hydrological model, MIKE SHE, by using bi-criteria (i.e., two measurable variables, streamflow and water table depth) to describe the hydrological processes in a forested watershed that is characteristic of the lower Atlantic Coastal Plain. Simulations were compared against observations of both streamflow and water table depth measured on a first-order watershed (WS80) on the Santee Experimental Forest in South Carolina, USA. Model performance was evaluated using coefficient of determination (R2) and Nash-Sutcliffe's model efficiency (E). The E and root mean squared error (RMSE) were chosen as objective functions for sensitivity analysis of parameters. The model calibration and validation results demonstrated that the streamflow and water table depth were sensitive to most of the model input parameters, especially to surface detention storage, drainage depth, soil hydraulic properties, plant rooting depth, and surface roughness. Furthermore, the bi-criteria approach used for distributed model calibration and validation was shown to be better than the single-criterion in obtaining optimum model input parameters, especially for those parameters that were only sensitive to some specific conditions. Model calibration using the bi-criteria approach should be advantageous for constructing the uncertainty bounds of model inputs to simulate the hydrology for this type of forested watersheds. R2 varied from 0.60-0.99 for daily and monthly streamflow, and from 0.52-0.91 for daily water table depth. E changed from 0.53-0.96 for calibration and 0.51-0.98 for validation of daily and monthly streamflow, while E varied from 0.50-0.90 for calibration and 0.66-0.80 for validation of daily water table depth. This study showed that MIKE SHE could be a good candidate for simulating streamflow and water table depth in coastal plain watersheds.
Effects of antidot lattices on electronic structures of graphene and hexagonal BN (h-BN) are inve... more Effects of antidot lattices on electronic structures of graphene and hexagonal BN (h-BN) are investigated using the first principles method based on density functional theory. For graphene, we find that when the antidot lattice is along the zigzag direction, the band gap opening can be related to the inter-valley scattering, and does not follow the simple scaling rule previously proposed in literature for the antidot lattice along the armchair direction. For h-BN, our calculations show that the antidot lattice results in reducing of band gaps. Coupled with doping of carbon atoms, the band gap of an h-BN antidot lattice can be reduced to below 2 eV, which might have implications in light-emitting devices or photoelectrochemistry.
The Neuroscientist : a review journal bringing neurobiology, neurology and psychiatry, Jan 24, 2014
Relating the brain's structural connectivity (SC) to its functional connectivity (FC) is a fu... more Relating the brain's structural connectivity (SC) to its functional connectivity (FC) is a fundamental goal in neuroscience because it is capable of aiding our understanding of how the relatively fixed SC architecture underlies human cognition and diverse behaviors. With the aid of current noninvasive imaging technologies (e.g., structural MRI, diffusion MRI, and functional MRI) and graph theory methods, researchers have modeled the human brain as a complex network of interacting neuronal elements and characterized the underlying structural and functional connectivity patterns that support diverse cognitive functions. Specifically, research has demonstrated a tight SC-FC coupling, not only in interregional connectivity strength but also in network topologic organizations, such as community, rich-club, and motifs. Moreover, this SC-FC coupling exhibits significant changes in normal development and neuropsychiatric disorders, such as schizophrenia and epilepsy. This review summari...
Friction and wear (F&W) is one of the most general phenomena in the world. More than ... more Friction and wear (F&W) is one of the most general phenomena in the world. More than 300 equations on F&W can be found during past 50 years, but even the best one has veiy limited use[1]. Theory of F&W lags far behind the needs of engineering because the complicated nature of F&W— parameters studied in sliding procedure over 100 [2]
ABSTRACT Polytypic ZnS nanocables have been fabricated by controlled experimental conditions. Hig... more ABSTRACT Polytypic ZnS nanocables have been fabricated by controlled experimental conditions. High-resolution transmission electron microscopy (HRTEM) has directly given the evidence that the core wire is a cubic zinc blende (CZB) ZnS nanowire. The sheathed layers grown over the surface of the core in the radial direction are the hexagonal wurtzite (HWZ) ZnS twinned-crystal structure. The growth mechanism of the polytypic ZnS nanocables is proposed on the basis of a two-step process: catalyzed and self-catalyzed. The CZB-phase ZnS nanowires are synthesized by vapor−liquid−solid (VLS) deposition techniques at low temperature. Then, the CZB-phase ZnS plays a role in nucleating HWZ-phase ZnS at higher temperature. So the HWZ-phase ZnS sheathed layer is suggested to be the self-catalyzed growth from the surface of the CZB-phase ZnS. A favorable choice of HWZ phase over CZB when forming nanostructures is likely to be a result of surface energy minimization.
The user has requested enhancement of the downloaded file. All in-text references underlined in b... more The user has requested enhancement of the downloaded file. All in-text references underlined in blue are added to the original document and are linked to publications on ResearchGate, letting you access and read them immediately.
ABSTRACT Polytypic ZnS nanocables have been fabricated by controlled experimental conditions. Hig... more ABSTRACT Polytypic ZnS nanocables have been fabricated by controlled experimental conditions. High-resolution transmission electron microscopy (HRTEM) has directly given the evidence that the core wire is a cubic zinc blende (CZB) ZnS nanowire. The sheathed layers grown over the surface of the core in the radial direction are the hexagonal wurtzite (HWZ) ZnS twinned-crystal structure. The growth mechanism of the polytypic ZnS nanocables is proposed on the basis of a two-step process: catalyzed and self-catalyzed. The CZB-phase ZnS nanowires are synthesized by vapor−liquid−solid (VLS) deposition techniques at low temperature. Then, the CZB-phase ZnS plays a role in nucleating HWZ-phase ZnS at higher temperature. So the HWZ-phase ZnS sheathed layer is suggested to be the self-catalyzed growth from the surface of the CZB-phase ZnS. A favorable choice of HWZ phase over CZB when forming nanostructures is likely to be a result of surface energy minimization.
Hydrology and Earth System Sciences Discussions, 2010
Hydrological models are important tools for effective management, conservation and restoration of... more Hydrological models are important tools for effective management, conservation and restoration of forested wetlands. The objective of this study was to test a distributed hydrological model, MIKE SHE, by using bi-criteria (i.e., two measurable variables, streamflow and water table depth) to describe the hydrological processes in a forested watershed that is characteristic of the lower Atlantic Coastal Plain. Simulations were compared against observations of both streamflow and water table depth measured on a first-order watershed (WS80) on the Santee Experimental Forest in South Carolina, USA. Model performance was evaluated using coefficient of determination (R2) and Nash-Sutcliffe's model efficiency (E). The E and root mean squared error (RMSE) were chosen as objective functions for sensitivity analysis of parameters. The model calibration and validation results demonstrated that the streamflow and water table depth were sensitive to most of the model input parameters, especially to surface detention storage, drainage depth, soil hydraulic properties, plant rooting depth, and surface roughness. Furthermore, the bi-criteria approach used for distributed model calibration and validation was shown to be better than the single-criterion in obtaining optimum model input parameters, especially for those parameters that were only sensitive to some specific conditions. Model calibration using the bi-criteria approach should be advantageous for constructing the uncertainty bounds of model inputs to simulate the hydrology for this type of forested watersheds. R2 varied from 0.60-0.99 for daily and monthly streamflow, and from 0.52-0.91 for daily water table depth. E changed from 0.53-0.96 for calibration and 0.51-0.98 for validation of daily and monthly streamflow, while E varied from 0.50-0.90 for calibration and 0.66-0.80 for validation of daily water table depth. This study showed that MIKE SHE could be a good candidate for simulating streamflow and water table depth in coastal plain watersheds.
Effects of antidot lattices on electronic structures of graphene and hexagonal BN (h-BN) are inve... more Effects of antidot lattices on electronic structures of graphene and hexagonal BN (h-BN) are investigated using the first principles method based on density functional theory. For graphene, we find that when the antidot lattice is along the zigzag direction, the band gap opening can be related to the inter-valley scattering, and does not follow the simple scaling rule previously proposed in literature for the antidot lattice along the armchair direction. For h-BN, our calculations show that the antidot lattice results in reducing of band gaps. Coupled with doping of carbon atoms, the band gap of an h-BN antidot lattice can be reduced to below 2 eV, which might have implications in light-emitting devices or photoelectrochemistry.
The Neuroscientist : a review journal bringing neurobiology, neurology and psychiatry, Jan 24, 2014
Relating the brain's structural connectivity (SC) to its functional connectivity (FC) is a fu... more Relating the brain's structural connectivity (SC) to its functional connectivity (FC) is a fundamental goal in neuroscience because it is capable of aiding our understanding of how the relatively fixed SC architecture underlies human cognition and diverse behaviors. With the aid of current noninvasive imaging technologies (e.g., structural MRI, diffusion MRI, and functional MRI) and graph theory methods, researchers have modeled the human brain as a complex network of interacting neuronal elements and characterized the underlying structural and functional connectivity patterns that support diverse cognitive functions. Specifically, research has demonstrated a tight SC-FC coupling, not only in interregional connectivity strength but also in network topologic organizations, such as community, rich-club, and motifs. Moreover, this SC-FC coupling exhibits significant changes in normal development and neuropsychiatric disorders, such as schizophrenia and epilepsy. This review summari...
Friction and wear (F&W) is one of the most general phenomena in the world. More than ... more Friction and wear (F&W) is one of the most general phenomena in the world. More than 300 equations on F&W can be found during past 50 years, but even the best one has veiy limited use[1]. Theory of F&W lags far behind the needs of engineering because the complicated nature of F&W— parameters studied in sliding procedure over 100 [2]
ABSTRACT Polytypic ZnS nanocables have been fabricated by controlled experimental conditions. Hig... more ABSTRACT Polytypic ZnS nanocables have been fabricated by controlled experimental conditions. High-resolution transmission electron microscopy (HRTEM) has directly given the evidence that the core wire is a cubic zinc blende (CZB) ZnS nanowire. The sheathed layers grown over the surface of the core in the radial direction are the hexagonal wurtzite (HWZ) ZnS twinned-crystal structure. The growth mechanism of the polytypic ZnS nanocables is proposed on the basis of a two-step process: catalyzed and self-catalyzed. The CZB-phase ZnS nanowires are synthesized by vapor−liquid−solid (VLS) deposition techniques at low temperature. Then, the CZB-phase ZnS plays a role in nucleating HWZ-phase ZnS at higher temperature. So the HWZ-phase ZnS sheathed layer is suggested to be the self-catalyzed growth from the surface of the CZB-phase ZnS. A favorable choice of HWZ phase over CZB when forming nanostructures is likely to be a result of surface energy minimization.
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