Organic manuring influences the diversity of arthropods and their functional significance in rice... more Organic manuring influences the diversity of arthropods and their functional significance in rice fields. Arthropod diversity under eight organic manure regimes consisting of farmyard manure (FYM), vermicompost (VC), poultry manure (PM), neem cake (NC), FYM + 50% recommended fertilizer dose (50%RFD), VC+50% RFD, RFD, and unfertilized control (UC) was assessed in a randomized block design experiment. The doses of organic amendments were adjusted to give the recommended level of 120 kg N ha–1. Arthropod sampling was carried out by sweep-nets, vacuum sampling, and straining. Higher abundance of arthropods was observed in plots treated with VC and NC with the spider Tetragnatha sp. being the dominant species. Simpson’s index indicated that the maximum diversity was observed in PM treated plots (0.022) while the least was in RFD plots (0.183).
Insect pests and diseases impede the attainment of higher yields by conventional transplantation ... more Insect pests and diseases impede the attainment of higher yields by conventional transplantation methods in rice crop. However, planting methods ence, different planting methods viz., broadcasting and drumsowing and plant protection methods viz., organic protection practises are gaining popularity in our country. However, the effect of such planting methods and plant protection practices on various predators in the field has to be assessed. Since literature on the effect of different planting methods and plant protection methods on Coccinellid predators is scant, the present study was undertaken to understand the impact of these methods on the abundance and diversity of Coccinellids. The experiment was laid out in College Farm, Rajendranagar during kharif 2014-15 and 2015-16 with three main treatments viz., Transplanted rice, broadcasted rice and drumsown rice. Under each module, three types of plant protection measures viz., organic protection, farmers’ practices and “no protection...
Flowers of five different plant species viz., green gram (Vigna radiata), marigold (Tagetes erect... more Flowers of five different plant species viz., green gram (Vigna radiata), marigold (Tagetes erecta), sunhemp (Crotalaria juncea), cowpea (Vigna unguiculata), okra (Abelmoschus esculentus) along with control (only air without flowers) were tested for their effectiveness in attracting predatory mirid bug Cyrtorhinus lividipennis (Reuter) and coccinellid predators Micraspis discolor, Harmonia octomaculata and Coccinella transversalis in a six arm olfactometer at Indian Institute of Rice Research, Hyderabad, Telangana, India. Flowers of different plant species acted as an odour source to attract different predators. C. lividipennis attraction was high in sunhemp followed by cowpea, marigold and okra and the lowest population was recorded in green gram. All three predatory coccinellids were attracted more to cowpea followed by okra and green gram and the lowest population was recorded in sunhemp followed by marigold flowers. These flowering plant species could be used in rice systems as ...
The harpactorine assassin bug, Rhynocoris marginatus (Fabricius) is a predator of diverse insect ... more The harpactorine assassin bug, Rhynocoris marginatus (Fabricius) is a predator of diverse insect pests. In the present study, the functional response of adult bug to the three lepidopteran pests viz., Spodoptera litura, Mythimna seperata and Sesamia inferens exhibited Holling's type II curvilinear functional response; increased rate of attack by predator was recorded as the prey density increased. Maximum predation represented by ‘k ’value was found at higher prey densities i.e., k =3.8, 4.0 and 2.4 for S. litura, M. seperata and S. inferens, respectively. The predation rate showed a steep rise from two to ten prey densities. But highest attack ratio (y/x) was obtained at two prey/predator density and lowest attack ratios at ten prey/predator density. Positive correlation was obtained between prey density and the prey killed and negative correlation between the prey density and searching time of the predator at all prey densities. At high prey density, the predators spent less t...
Biology and feeding potential of the reduviid predator, Rhynocoris fuscipes (Fabricius) studied o... more Biology and feeding potential of the reduviid predator, Rhynocoris fuscipes (Fabricius) studied on the leaffolder Cnaphalocrocis medinalis Guenee. Approximately 117.7±18.16 C. medinalis larvae were required for development of one nymph throughout its developmental period of about 72.37±6.78 days (1.01 to 2.06 larvae per day). The mean nymphal survival was 74.77 to 94.45 % from I to V instar with a total survival rate of 86.21%. The per day predation rate of I, II, III, IV and V instar nymphs were 1.24±0.36, 1.01±0.30, 2.06±0.38, 1.66±0.61, and 1.25±0.38 larvae respectively. Adult females had a greater feeding potential and higher longevity (70.30±19.06 days) in comparison to males (57.20±16.16days). The results indicated that R. fuscipes had great biocontrol potential for leaffolder management in rice.
Flowers of five different plant species viz., green gram (Vigna radiata), marigold (Tagetes erect... more Flowers of five different plant species viz., green gram (Vigna radiata), marigold (Tagetes erecta), sunnhemp (Crotalaria juncea), cowpea (Vigna unguiculata), Okra (Abelmoschus esculentus) along with control (only air without flowers) were tested for their effectiveness in attracting predatory Paederus fuscipes (Curtis) in a six arm olfactometer at Indian Institute of Rice Research (IIRR), Hyderabad, Telangana, India. Flowers of different plant species acted as odour source to attract rove beetle. The order of preference of flower odours to P. fuscipes in descending order was cowpea > okra > green gram > marigold > sunhemp. Rove beetle attraction was high in cowpea followed by okra, green gram, marigold and the lowest population was recorded in sunhemp. These plant species could be used in rice systems as bund /border/strip crop to attract predatory rove beetle suppress rice pests.
The assassin bug, Rhynocoris marginatus is a generalist predator and can be deployed across agro ... more The assassin bug, Rhynocoris marginatus is a generalist predator and can be deployed across agro ecosystems. In a study to assess its interactions with three polyphagous lepidopteran pests, the predator showed significantly higher preference to Spodoptera litura (F.) (50 %) over Mythimna separata (25.3 %) and Sesamia inferens (24.7%). The prey predator interaction of three prey species and R.marginatus was assessed in aY-armolfactometer and a six-arm olfactometer. Though R. marginatus responded to all the hexane extracts of tested insect pests, it showed maximum preference to S. litura (85.7 %) followed by M. separata (57.1%) and S. inferens (42.8 %) in the Y arm olfactometer compared to control. The approaching time and handling time were more for S. litura i.e., (10.9±1.99 min) and (18.3 ± 2.62 min) when compared to M. separata (10.2 ± 2.49 min), (17.7 ± 2.92 min) and S. inferens (7.33 ± 2.51 min) (17.6 ± 3.51 min) respectively. Similarly in a multi choice test, R.marginatus highl...
Wing dimorphism is a commonly observed phenomenon in insects (Harrison, 1980). The Brown Planthop... more Wing dimorphism is a commonly observed phenomenon in insects (Harrison, 1980). The Brown Planthopper, Nilaparvata lugens (Stål) (Hemiptera: Delphacidae) is one of the most serious insect pests of rice in tropical and temperate paddy fields in Asian countries. Adults show wing dimorphism, i.e., long winged macropterous and short winged brachypterous males and females. In planthopper species, the wing form is International Journal of Current Microbiology and Applied Sciences ISSN: 2319-7706 Volume 6 Number 12 (2017) pp. 2147-2158 Journal homepage: http://www.ijcmas.com
... 16 SK Dhyani, DS Chauhan, D. Kumar, KV Kushwaha and ST Lepcha, 'Sericulture-... more ... 16 SK Dhyani, DS Chauhan, D. Kumar, KV Kushwaha and ST Lepcha, 'Sericulture-based agroforestry system for hilly areas of north-east India', Agroforestry Systems ... 19C.M. Misra andAjay Prakash, 'Growing arjun trees for Tassar silk', Indian Farming, Vol 36, No 9, 1986, p 21. ...
Abstract The diversity of natural enemies harboured by flowering forbs on rice field bunds was re... more Abstract The diversity of natural enemies harboured by flowering forbs on rice field bunds was recorded. Ageratum conozoides with a maximum Shannon diversity index of 1.8 followed by Acmella uliginosa, Eclipta alba and Tridax procumbens are amenable for ecological engineering, providing nectar, pollen and alternate prey to natural enemies.
Organic manuring influences the diversity of arthropods and their functional significance in rice... more Organic manuring influences the diversity of arthropods and their functional significance in rice fields. Arthropod diversity under eight organic manure regimes consisting of farmyard manure (FYM), vermicompost (VC), poultry manure (PM), neem cake (NC), FYM + 50% recommended fertilizer dose (50%RFD), VC+50% RFD, RFD, and unfertilized control (UC) was assessed in a randomized block design experiment. The doses of organic amendments were adjusted to give the recommended level of 120 kg N ha–1. Arthropod sampling was carried out by sweep-nets, vacuum sampling, and straining. Higher abundance of arthropods was observed in plots treated with VC and NC with the spider Tetragnatha sp. being the dominant species. Simpson’s index indicated that the maximum diversity was observed in PM treated plots (0.022) while the least was in RFD plots (0.183).
Insect pests and diseases impede the attainment of higher yields by conventional transplantation ... more Insect pests and diseases impede the attainment of higher yields by conventional transplantation methods in rice crop. However, planting methods ence, different planting methods viz., broadcasting and drumsowing and plant protection methods viz., organic protection practises are gaining popularity in our country. However, the effect of such planting methods and plant protection practices on various predators in the field has to be assessed. Since literature on the effect of different planting methods and plant protection methods on Coccinellid predators is scant, the present study was undertaken to understand the impact of these methods on the abundance and diversity of Coccinellids. The experiment was laid out in College Farm, Rajendranagar during kharif 2014-15 and 2015-16 with three main treatments viz., Transplanted rice, broadcasted rice and drumsown rice. Under each module, three types of plant protection measures viz., organic protection, farmers’ practices and “no protection...
Flowers of five different plant species viz., green gram (Vigna radiata), marigold (Tagetes erect... more Flowers of five different plant species viz., green gram (Vigna radiata), marigold (Tagetes erecta), sunhemp (Crotalaria juncea), cowpea (Vigna unguiculata), okra (Abelmoschus esculentus) along with control (only air without flowers) were tested for their effectiveness in attracting predatory mirid bug Cyrtorhinus lividipennis (Reuter) and coccinellid predators Micraspis discolor, Harmonia octomaculata and Coccinella transversalis in a six arm olfactometer at Indian Institute of Rice Research, Hyderabad, Telangana, India. Flowers of different plant species acted as an odour source to attract different predators. C. lividipennis attraction was high in sunhemp followed by cowpea, marigold and okra and the lowest population was recorded in green gram. All three predatory coccinellids were attracted more to cowpea followed by okra and green gram and the lowest population was recorded in sunhemp followed by marigold flowers. These flowering plant species could be used in rice systems as ...
The harpactorine assassin bug, Rhynocoris marginatus (Fabricius) is a predator of diverse insect ... more The harpactorine assassin bug, Rhynocoris marginatus (Fabricius) is a predator of diverse insect pests. In the present study, the functional response of adult bug to the three lepidopteran pests viz., Spodoptera litura, Mythimna seperata and Sesamia inferens exhibited Holling's type II curvilinear functional response; increased rate of attack by predator was recorded as the prey density increased. Maximum predation represented by ‘k ’value was found at higher prey densities i.e., k =3.8, 4.0 and 2.4 for S. litura, M. seperata and S. inferens, respectively. The predation rate showed a steep rise from two to ten prey densities. But highest attack ratio (y/x) was obtained at two prey/predator density and lowest attack ratios at ten prey/predator density. Positive correlation was obtained between prey density and the prey killed and negative correlation between the prey density and searching time of the predator at all prey densities. At high prey density, the predators spent less t...
Biology and feeding potential of the reduviid predator, Rhynocoris fuscipes (Fabricius) studied o... more Biology and feeding potential of the reduviid predator, Rhynocoris fuscipes (Fabricius) studied on the leaffolder Cnaphalocrocis medinalis Guenee. Approximately 117.7±18.16 C. medinalis larvae were required for development of one nymph throughout its developmental period of about 72.37±6.78 days (1.01 to 2.06 larvae per day). The mean nymphal survival was 74.77 to 94.45 % from I to V instar with a total survival rate of 86.21%. The per day predation rate of I, II, III, IV and V instar nymphs were 1.24±0.36, 1.01±0.30, 2.06±0.38, 1.66±0.61, and 1.25±0.38 larvae respectively. Adult females had a greater feeding potential and higher longevity (70.30±19.06 days) in comparison to males (57.20±16.16days). The results indicated that R. fuscipes had great biocontrol potential for leaffolder management in rice.
Flowers of five different plant species viz., green gram (Vigna radiata), marigold (Tagetes erect... more Flowers of five different plant species viz., green gram (Vigna radiata), marigold (Tagetes erecta), sunnhemp (Crotalaria juncea), cowpea (Vigna unguiculata), Okra (Abelmoschus esculentus) along with control (only air without flowers) were tested for their effectiveness in attracting predatory Paederus fuscipes (Curtis) in a six arm olfactometer at Indian Institute of Rice Research (IIRR), Hyderabad, Telangana, India. Flowers of different plant species acted as odour source to attract rove beetle. The order of preference of flower odours to P. fuscipes in descending order was cowpea > okra > green gram > marigold > sunhemp. Rove beetle attraction was high in cowpea followed by okra, green gram, marigold and the lowest population was recorded in sunhemp. These plant species could be used in rice systems as bund /border/strip crop to attract predatory rove beetle suppress rice pests.
The assassin bug, Rhynocoris marginatus is a generalist predator and can be deployed across agro ... more The assassin bug, Rhynocoris marginatus is a generalist predator and can be deployed across agro ecosystems. In a study to assess its interactions with three polyphagous lepidopteran pests, the predator showed significantly higher preference to Spodoptera litura (F.) (50 %) over Mythimna separata (25.3 %) and Sesamia inferens (24.7%). The prey predator interaction of three prey species and R.marginatus was assessed in aY-armolfactometer and a six-arm olfactometer. Though R. marginatus responded to all the hexane extracts of tested insect pests, it showed maximum preference to S. litura (85.7 %) followed by M. separata (57.1%) and S. inferens (42.8 %) in the Y arm olfactometer compared to control. The approaching time and handling time were more for S. litura i.e., (10.9±1.99 min) and (18.3 ± 2.62 min) when compared to M. separata (10.2 ± 2.49 min), (17.7 ± 2.92 min) and S. inferens (7.33 ± 2.51 min) (17.6 ± 3.51 min) respectively. Similarly in a multi choice test, R.marginatus highl...
Wing dimorphism is a commonly observed phenomenon in insects (Harrison, 1980). The Brown Planthop... more Wing dimorphism is a commonly observed phenomenon in insects (Harrison, 1980). The Brown Planthopper, Nilaparvata lugens (Stål) (Hemiptera: Delphacidae) is one of the most serious insect pests of rice in tropical and temperate paddy fields in Asian countries. Adults show wing dimorphism, i.e., long winged macropterous and short winged brachypterous males and females. In planthopper species, the wing form is International Journal of Current Microbiology and Applied Sciences ISSN: 2319-7706 Volume 6 Number 12 (2017) pp. 2147-2158 Journal homepage: http://www.ijcmas.com
... 16 SK Dhyani, DS Chauhan, D. Kumar, KV Kushwaha and ST Lepcha, 'Sericulture-... more ... 16 SK Dhyani, DS Chauhan, D. Kumar, KV Kushwaha and ST Lepcha, 'Sericulture-based agroforestry system for hilly areas of north-east India', Agroforestry Systems ... 19C.M. Misra andAjay Prakash, 'Growing arjun trees for Tassar silk', Indian Farming, Vol 36, No 9, 1986, p 21. ...
Abstract The diversity of natural enemies harboured by flowering forbs on rice field bunds was re... more Abstract The diversity of natural enemies harboured by flowering forbs on rice field bunds was recorded. Ageratum conozoides with a maximum Shannon diversity index of 1.8 followed by Acmella uliginosa, Eclipta alba and Tridax procumbens are amenable for ecological engineering, providing nectar, pollen and alternate prey to natural enemies.
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