Indonesian Journal of Advanced Research (IJAR), 2024
This study investigates pronunciation challenges among English major -students at the National In... more This study investigates pronunciation challenges among English major -students at the National Institute of Education, focusing on segmental and supra-segmental pronunciation issues, contributing factors, and potential remediation strategies. The study employed a qualitative approach utilizing research apparatuses adjusted from previous studies. Additionally, ten teacher trainees with at least six years of English language learning background consented to participate in this study, while four lecturers were also incorporated. The findings were identified primarily with labiodental, dental, velar, alveolar, and palatal consonants, and with the monophthong sounds /i:/ and /ɒ/, and diphthongs /eɪ/ and /ɪə/. Factors influencing pronunciation proficiency include inadequate qualified teachers, insufficiently structured language programs, first language interference, and limited access to learning resources, alongside motivational and environmental factors, age, and beliefs. Recommendations for improvement emphasize integrating technology and social media for accessing pronunciation tutorials, extending instructional hours, and encouraging regular English-speaking practices.
Background In people with human immunodeficiency virus (PWH), the World Health Organization–recom... more Background In people with human immunodeficiency virus (PWH), the World Health Organization–recommended tuberculosis (TB) 4-symptom screen (W4SS) targeting those who need molecular rapid testing may be suboptimal. We assessed the performance of different TB screening approaches in severely immunosuppressed PWH enrolled in the guided-treatment group of the STATIS trial (NCT02057796). Methods Ambulatory PWH with no overt evidence of TB and CD4 count <100 cells/µL were screened for TB prior to antiretroviral therapy (ART) initiation with W4SS, chest radiograph (CXR), urine lipoarabinomannan (LAM) test, and sputum Xpert MTB/RIF (Xpert). Correctly and wrongly identified cases by screening approaches were assessed overall and by CD4 count threshold (≤50 and 51–99 cells/µL). Results Of 525 enrolled participants (median CD4 count, 28 cells/µL), 48 (9.9%) were diagnosed with TB at enrollment. Among participants with a negative W4SS, 16% had either a positive Xpert, a CXR suggestive of TB,...
Indonesian Journal of Advanced Research (IJAR), 2024
This study investigates pronunciation challenges among English major -students at the National In... more This study investigates pronunciation challenges among English major -students at the National Institute of Education, focusing on segmental and supra-segmental pronunciation issues, contributing factors, and potential remediation strategies. The study employed a qualitative approach utilizing research apparatuses adjusted from previous studies. Additionally, ten teacher trainees with at least six years of English language learning background consented to participate in this study, while four lecturers were also incorporated. The findings were identified primarily with labiodental, dental, velar, alveolar, and palatal consonants, and with the monophthong sounds /i:/ and /ɒ/, and diphthongs /eɪ/ and /ɪə/. Factors influencing pronunciation proficiency include inadequate qualified teachers, insufficiently structured language programs, first language interference, and limited access to learning resources, alongside motivational and environmental factors, age, and beliefs. Recommendations for improvement emphasize integrating technology and social media for accessing pronunciation tutorials, extending instructional hours, and encouraging regular English-speaking practices.
Background In people with human immunodeficiency virus (PWH), the World Health Organization–recom... more Background In people with human immunodeficiency virus (PWH), the World Health Organization–recommended tuberculosis (TB) 4-symptom screen (W4SS) targeting those who need molecular rapid testing may be suboptimal. We assessed the performance of different TB screening approaches in severely immunosuppressed PWH enrolled in the guided-treatment group of the STATIS trial (NCT02057796). Methods Ambulatory PWH with no overt evidence of TB and CD4 count <100 cells/µL were screened for TB prior to antiretroviral therapy (ART) initiation with W4SS, chest radiograph (CXR), urine lipoarabinomannan (LAM) test, and sputum Xpert MTB/RIF (Xpert). Correctly and wrongly identified cases by screening approaches were assessed overall and by CD4 count threshold (≤50 and 51–99 cells/µL). Results Of 525 enrolled participants (median CD4 count, 28 cells/µL), 48 (9.9%) were diagnosed with TB at enrollment. Among participants with a negative W4SS, 16% had either a positive Xpert, a CXR suggestive of TB,...
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