Solar energy is one of the important renewable energy resources as it is pollution free, clean, n... more Solar energy is one of the important renewable energy resources as it is pollution free, clean, neverending and abundant. Solar photovoltaic technologies are mounting vigor attention in the modern electrical power applications due to fast growth in the relative sectors of semiconductor and power electronics. It is significant to operate solar photovoltaic energy conversion systems to its maximum power output to raise the efficiency. Maximum power point tracking plays a very important role for extracting maximum power from the solar photovoltaic module and transferring that power to the load. The present work highlights a survey on perturb and observe method maximum power point tracking technique for solar photovoltaic system undertaken by considering the various works already listed relative study has been carried out, which includes different perturb and observe method on maximum power point tracking techniques and draw their advantages and drawbacks. These techniques vary in many aspects, which can be broadly categorized on the basis of simplicity, way of implementing, type of sensors, total cost of the system, range of effectiveness, hardware requirement and speed of convergence. It is expected that this review work will provide precious information for solar photovoltaic professionals to keep alongside with the latest progress in this area, as well as for new researchers to get started on maximum power point tracking.
Conventional maximum power point tracking (MPPT) algorithms fails to track peak power from a sola... more Conventional maximum power point tracking (MPPT) algorithms fails to track peak power from a solar photovoltaic panel (SPV) effectively under rapidly changing atmospheric and partial shading conditions (PSC). To track peak power more effectively under these conditions, low cost, powerful soft computing (SC) have been introduced by the researchers. Due to the ability to solve non-linear problems, flexibility and adaptive nature, SC based MPPT techniques can track peak power under varying atmospheric conditions. Various SC based MPPT techniques have been proposed by researchers till date. Comprehensive studies on all these techniques are not available. This work summarizes working principle of various SC-MPPT techniques and are compared each other based on the certain parameters like accuracy, tracking efficiency, SPV array dependency, convergence time, complexity of algorithm, hardware implementation, ability to handle PSC's and variables used. The information that is gathered and summarized in this paper will help researchers for future studies in this area.
Concerns over environment and increased demand of energy have led the world to think about altern... more Concerns over environment and increased demand of energy have led the world to think about alternate energy sources such as wind, hydro, solar and fuel cells. Out of these, photovoltaic (PV) power generation systems have become increasingly important all over the world due its availability, cleanness, low maintenance cost and inexhaustible nature. But power produced by the photovoltaic system is stochastic in nature due to the variation of solar irradiation and cell temperature throughout the day. In order to track the varying power, a DC-DC converter with maximum power point tracker (MPPT) is used. Different MPPT algorithms have been proposed for tracking peak power from the PV panel. Selection of adequate DC-DC converter is also an important factor since it has an influence on overall performance of the PV system. This paper presents a comparative study on the characteristics of different non-isolated DC-DC converters and highlights the various research works that has been done on DC-DC converters based MPPT PV system. Study shows that selection of converter also has an impact on the overall performance of the PV system. Based on the survey and comparative study, selection criteria to choose DC-DC converter for PV system is described in this paper.
DC microgrids (DCMGs) have the potential to accelerate the restoration of power systems, enhance ... more DC microgrids (DCMGs) have the potential to accelerate the restoration of power systems, enhance grid resilience, and mitigate grid disturbances. The proportional integral (PI) controller designed at rated supercapacitor (SC) voltage, in existing battery-SC based hybrid energy storage system (HESS) integrated DCMG, unable to guarantee both steady state and transient performances simultaneously due to variation in SC operating voltage (). Hence an in-depth investigation of the impact of varying on DCMG stability is presented. This paper also proposes an inverted zero-lag controller designed at optimum SC voltage, computed using the adaptive particle swarm optimization (APSO) technique, to mitigate bus voltage fluctuations with enhanced stability over a wide range of. The proposed method succeeded in mitigating ringing and improving the stability of the DCMG with sufficient bandwidth, phase margin and gain margin with 22%-42% reduction in settling time and 15%-55% reduction in peak overshoot compared to the conventional design methods at lower. The effectiveness of the proposed controller in reducing DC bus voltage ringing and improving the dynamic performance of DCMG is verified through the use of MATLAB/Simulink simulation and real-time simulator OPAL-RT OP4510.
The Smart Grid is an advanced digital two-way powerflow power system capable of self-healing,adap... more The Smart Grid is an advanced digital two-way powerflow power system capable of self-healing,adaptive, resilient and sustainable with foresight for prediction under different uncertainties. In thispaper, a survey on various Smart Grid enabling technologies, Smart Grid metering and communication,cloud computing in Smart Grid and Smart Grid applications are explored in detail. Opportunities andfuture of Smart Grid is also described in this paper. For Smart grid enabling technologies Smart meters,smart sensors, vehicle to grid, plug in hybrid electric vehicle technology, sensor and actuator networksare explored. Advanced metering infrastructure, intelligent electronic devices, phasor measurementunits, wide area measurement systems, local area network, home access network, neighborhood areanetwork, wide area networks and cloud computing are explored for Smart Grid metering andcommunication. Home and building automation, smart substation, feeder automation is explored forsmart grid applications. Associations of initial studies for the next step in smart grid applications willprovide an economic benefit for the authorities in the long term, and will help to establish standards tobe compatible with every application so that all smart grid applications can be coordinated under thecontrol of the same authorities. Therefore, this study is expected to be an important guiding source forresearchers and engineers studying the smart grid. It also helps transmission and distribution systemoperators to follow the right path as they are transforming their classical grids to smart grids.
Solar energy is one of the important renewable energy resources as it is pollution free, clean, n... more Solar energy is one of the important renewable energy resources as it is pollution free, clean, neverending and abundant. Solar photovoltaic technologies are mounting vigor attention in the modern electrical power applications due to fast growth in the relative sectors of semiconductor and power electronics. It is significant to operate solar photovoltaic energy conversion systems to its maximum power output to raise the efficiency. Maximum power point tracking plays a very important role for extracting maximum power from the solar photovoltaic module and transferring that power to the load. The present work highlights a survey on perturb and observe method maximum power point tracking technique for solar photovoltaic system undertaken by considering the various works already listed relative study has been carried out, which includes different perturb and observe method on maximum power point tracking techniques and draw their advantages and drawbacks. These techniques vary in many aspects, which can be broadly categorized on the basis of simplicity, way of implementing, type of sensors, total cost of the system, range of effectiveness, hardware requirement and speed of convergence. It is expected that this review work will provide precious information for solar photovoltaic professionals to keep alongside with the latest progress in this area, as well as for new researchers to get started on maximum power point tracking.
Conventional maximum power point tracking (MPPT) algorithms fails to track peak power from a sola... more Conventional maximum power point tracking (MPPT) algorithms fails to track peak power from a solar photovoltaic panel (SPV) effectively under rapidly changing atmospheric and partial shading conditions (PSC). To track peak power more effectively under these conditions, low cost, powerful soft computing (SC) have been introduced by the researchers. Due to the ability to solve non-linear problems, flexibility and adaptive nature, SC based MPPT techniques can track peak power under varying atmospheric conditions. Various SC based MPPT techniques have been proposed by researchers till date. Comprehensive studies on all these techniques are not available. This work summarizes working principle of various SC-MPPT techniques and are compared each other based on the certain parameters like accuracy, tracking efficiency, SPV array dependency, convergence time, complexity of algorithm, hardware implementation, ability to handle PSC's and variables used. The information that is gathered and summarized in this paper will help researchers for future studies in this area.
Concerns over environment and increased demand of energy have led the world to think about altern... more Concerns over environment and increased demand of energy have led the world to think about alternate energy sources such as wind, hydro, solar and fuel cells. Out of these, photovoltaic (PV) power generation systems have become increasingly important all over the world due its availability, cleanness, low maintenance cost and inexhaustible nature. But power produced by the photovoltaic system is stochastic in nature due to the variation of solar irradiation and cell temperature throughout the day. In order to track the varying power, a DC-DC converter with maximum power point tracker (MPPT) is used. Different MPPT algorithms have been proposed for tracking peak power from the PV panel. Selection of adequate DC-DC converter is also an important factor since it has an influence on overall performance of the PV system. This paper presents a comparative study on the characteristics of different non-isolated DC-DC converters and highlights the various research works that has been done on DC-DC converters based MPPT PV system. Study shows that selection of converter also has an impact on the overall performance of the PV system. Based on the survey and comparative study, selection criteria to choose DC-DC converter for PV system is described in this paper.
DC microgrids (DCMGs) have the potential to accelerate the restoration of power systems, enhance ... more DC microgrids (DCMGs) have the potential to accelerate the restoration of power systems, enhance grid resilience, and mitigate grid disturbances. The proportional integral (PI) controller designed at rated supercapacitor (SC) voltage, in existing battery-SC based hybrid energy storage system (HESS) integrated DCMG, unable to guarantee both steady state and transient performances simultaneously due to variation in SC operating voltage (). Hence an in-depth investigation of the impact of varying on DCMG stability is presented. This paper also proposes an inverted zero-lag controller designed at optimum SC voltage, computed using the adaptive particle swarm optimization (APSO) technique, to mitigate bus voltage fluctuations with enhanced stability over a wide range of. The proposed method succeeded in mitigating ringing and improving the stability of the DCMG with sufficient bandwidth, phase margin and gain margin with 22%-42% reduction in settling time and 15%-55% reduction in peak overshoot compared to the conventional design methods at lower. The effectiveness of the proposed controller in reducing DC bus voltage ringing and improving the dynamic performance of DCMG is verified through the use of MATLAB/Simulink simulation and real-time simulator OPAL-RT OP4510.
The Smart Grid is an advanced digital two-way powerflow power system capable of self-healing,adap... more The Smart Grid is an advanced digital two-way powerflow power system capable of self-healing,adaptive, resilient and sustainable with foresight for prediction under different uncertainties. In thispaper, a survey on various Smart Grid enabling technologies, Smart Grid metering and communication,cloud computing in Smart Grid and Smart Grid applications are explored in detail. Opportunities andfuture of Smart Grid is also described in this paper. For Smart grid enabling technologies Smart meters,smart sensors, vehicle to grid, plug in hybrid electric vehicle technology, sensor and actuator networksare explored. Advanced metering infrastructure, intelligent electronic devices, phasor measurementunits, wide area measurement systems, local area network, home access network, neighborhood areanetwork, wide area networks and cloud computing are explored for Smart Grid metering andcommunication. Home and building automation, smart substation, feeder automation is explored forsmart grid applications. Associations of initial studies for the next step in smart grid applications willprovide an economic benefit for the authorities in the long term, and will help to establish standards tobe compatible with every application so that all smart grid applications can be coordinated under thecontrol of the same authorities. Therefore, this study is expected to be an important guiding source forresearchers and engineers studying the smart grid. It also helps transmission and distribution systemoperators to follow the right path as they are transforming their classical grids to smart grids.
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