Scientific Review Engineering and Environmental Studies (SREES)
Girders with corrugated steel web are preferred and widely used in recently constructed bridges a... more Girders with corrugated steel web are preferred and widely used in recently constructed bridges and industrial buildings. Sandwich core girders with corrugated web are constructed by adding two plates (skins) to the corrugated web. This study aims to investigate the shear span-to-depth ratio impact on the performance of sandwich core steel girders with corrugated web. Three span-to-depth ratios (a/d): 1.0, 1.833 and 2.5, were examined. The test includes three girders with sandwich web thickness of 30 mm, three girders with 60 mm sandwich web thickness, and three girders with conventional flat webs. A total of nine simply supported steel girders subjected to a concentrated load were fabricated and tested up to failure. The responses of the examined girders are presented in term of the load deflection curves, the ultimate load, and the maximum displacement. Among the conclusions drawn in this study that girders with sandwich core thickness of 30 mm demonstrate higher ultimate load cap...
An experimental and theoretical study on reinforced concrete beams using steel strip plates as a ... more An experimental and theoretical study on reinforced concrete beams using steel strip plates as a shear reinforcement instead of stirrups bars is presented in this paper. Five specimens with same dimensions and properties were used in this study. One of them has regular ties as shear reinforcements and is used as a reference beam. Other specimens used steel plates as shear reinforcements with an equivalent area of the regular ties of the reference beam. Four thicknesses of plates were used, 1mm 2mm, 3mm, and 4mm. The experimental results showed a good agreement in term of the ultimate load within the range of 99.86 – 113.33 % of the ultimate load of the reference beam. The steel strips work as a regular tie to control the cracks (number and width). The analytical result showed that there is a good agreement between the numerical results and the experimental results in the term.
The present study deals with the effect of using plastic waste on mechanical properties of concre... more The present study deals with the effect of using plastic waste on mechanical properties of concrete. The experimental work consists of adding manually formed serrated plastic fibers by ratios of (1%, 2% and 3%) of cement weight. Different lengths of fibers were used for each ratio with a constant width of 5 mm. It was noticed from laboratory tests that the addition of plastic fibers improves the compressive strength, tensile strength and modulus of rupture of concrete, by different ratios, about 20%, furthermore it could be a sufficient method to get rid of plastic waste.
One of the important problems in fine aggregate is the contaminated with interior sulfates in man... more One of the important problems in fine aggregate is the contaminated with interior sulfates in manufacturing concrete in Iraq. Within standard specifications a difficult to obtain of well-graded fine aggregate with sulfates content is existed. The present research is devoted to enhancement of some properties of self-compacting concrete with fine aggregate contains internal sulfates by partial replacement of gypsum to fine aggregate by weight. This study is bifurcate of self-compacting concrete they are: first category is incorporating powder of limestone (LSP) in self-compacting concrete and the second one is incorporating 10% rise husk ash (RHA) plus powder of limestone (LSP). The investigated scales of fine aggregate with sulfates contents were (0.37%, 0.5%, 1.0%, and 1.5%) which is corresponding replacement by weight of cement equal of (3.74%, 3.99%, 4.96% and 5.93%) for mixes contained limestone powder and of (3.76%, 4.01%,4.98% and 5.96%) for mixes contains rise husk ash plus powder of limestone. Experimental program of this study is bifurcate; first one is using superplasticizers and fillers to produce self-compacting concrete then determine the workability. Second one is to evaluate the mechanical properties such as splitting tensile strength and compressive strength. It was noticed that, the exemplary content of gypsum was by weight of cement for all mixes was 0.5%. While increase in compressive strength in a range between 5.9% and 10.1%, and in tensile strength in a range between 1.2% and 8.5% for mixes of self-compacting concrete with limestone powder plus rise husk ash instead of limestone powder.
This paper presents applying gene expression programming (GEP) approach for predicting the punchi... more This paper presents applying gene expression programming (GEP) approach for predicting the punching shear strength of normal and high strength reinforced concrete flat slabs. The GEP model was developed and verified using 58 case histories that involve measured punching shear strength. The modelling was carried out by dividing the data into two sets: a training set for model calibration, and a validation set for verifying the generalization capability of the model. It is shown that the model is able to learn with high accuracy the complex relationship between the punching shear and the factors affecting it and produce this knowledge in the form of a function. The results have demonstrated that the GEP model performs very well with coefficient of determination, mean, standard deviation and probability density at 50% equivalent to 0.98, 0.99, 0.10 and 0.99, respectively. Moreover, the GEP predicts punching shear strength more accurately than the traditional methods.
The main goal of this research is to investigate the type and form of wire mesh most effective in... more The main goal of this research is to investigate the type and form of wire mesh most effective in the load resistance less deflection possible by testing load deflection of the samples in the laboratory. The results showed that the ordinary mesh with square wholes most effectiveness in strengthen their loads. Which have higher strength percent with less deflection. The second goal from the research is studying the effect of palygoriskite adding by the optimum content with high range water reducing admixture on some mechanical properties of the ferrocement paste through curing period arrive to 28 days for some properties like (compressive strength , splitting tensile strength , flexural strength) , and mix proportions 1:2.5 with w/c equal to 0.45. The results showed that concrete containing high reactive palygoriskite 15% from cement weight with high rang water reducing admixture had improvement in (compressive strength , splitting tensile strength and flexural strength). Where the percentage of incresement was (31.5% , 55.1% , 108.4%) at 28 days in compressive strength , splitting tensile strength and flexural strength respectively with reference mix .
The present study deals with the effect of using plastic waste on mechanical properties of concre... more The present study deals with the effect of using plastic waste on mechanical properties of concrete. The experimental work consists of adding manually formed serrated plastic fibers by ratios of (1%, 2% and 3%) of cement weight. Different lengths of fibers were used for each ratio with a constant width of 5 mm. It was noticed from laboratory tests that the addition of plastic fibers improves the compressive strength, tensile strength and modulus of rupture of concrete, by different ratios, about 20%, furthermore it could be a sufficient method to get rid of plastic waste.
In this study, an experimental and numerical investigation on the uniaxial compressive strength f... more In this study, an experimental and numerical investigation on the uniaxial compressive strength for 40 different profile shapes was conducted. Ten different cross-sections with four different lengths (300, 600, 900 and 1200 mm) of columns were cold-formed to choose the optimum design of columns for steel structure construction. Thin steel sheets with a thickness of 1 mm and a width of 400 mm were used to fabricate these columns. The behavior of the 40 simply supported columns under uniaxial compressive loading was experimentally evaluated and validated with a finite element model. It was observed that two main distinct types of failure mechanism are distortional buckling and local buckling in the deformed columns. The ultimate compressive strength of all columns is considerably shape-dependent, where the star-like cross-sectional profile of columns obtained the highest compressive load-carrying capacity regardless the length of columns. 300 mm long columns obviously carried the highest strength for all cross-sectional shapes. The numerical results of compressive strength showed good convergence with the practical ones. In-plane displacement to slenderness ratio is graphically discussed.
One of important problem in fine aggregate is the contaminated with interior sulfates in manufact... more One of important problem in fine aggregate is the contaminated with interior sulfates in manufacturing concrete in Iraq. Within standard specifications a difficult obtain of well-graded fine aggregate with sulfates content is existed. The present research is devoted to enhancement of some properties of self-compacting concrete with fine aggregate contains internal sulfates by partial replacement of gypsum to fine aggregate by weight. This study is bifurcate of self-compacting concrete they are: first category is incorporating powder of limestone (LSP) in self-compacting concrete and second one is incorporating 10% rise husk ash (RHA) plus powder of limestone (LSP). The investigated scales of fine aggregate with sulfates contents were (0.37%, 0.5%, 1.0%, and 1.5%) which is corresponding replacement by weight of cement equal of (3.74%, 3.99%, 4.96% and 5.93%) for mixes contained limestone powder and of (3.76%, 4.01%,4.98% and 5.96%) for mixes contains rise husk ash plus powder of limestone. Experimental program of this study is bifurcate; first one is using superplasticizers and fillers to produce self-compacting concrete then determine the workability. Second one is to evaluate the mechanical properties such as splitting tensile strength and compressive strength and. It was noticed that, the exemplary content of gypsum was by weight of cement for all mixes was 0.5%. While increase in compressive strength in a range between 5.9% and 10.1%, and in tensile strength in a range between 1.2% and 8.5% for mixes of self-compacting concrete with limestone powder plus rise husk ash instead of limestone powder.
Scientific Review Engineering and Environmental Studies (SREES)
Girders with corrugated steel web are preferred and widely used in recently constructed bridges a... more Girders with corrugated steel web are preferred and widely used in recently constructed bridges and industrial buildings. Sandwich core girders with corrugated web are constructed by adding two plates (skins) to the corrugated web. This study aims to investigate the shear span-to-depth ratio impact on the performance of sandwich core steel girders with corrugated web. Three span-to-depth ratios (a/d): 1.0, 1.833 and 2.5, were examined. The test includes three girders with sandwich web thickness of 30 mm, three girders with 60 mm sandwich web thickness, and three girders with conventional flat webs. A total of nine simply supported steel girders subjected to a concentrated load were fabricated and tested up to failure. The responses of the examined girders are presented in term of the load deflection curves, the ultimate load, and the maximum displacement. Among the conclusions drawn in this study that girders with sandwich core thickness of 30 mm demonstrate higher ultimate load cap...
An experimental and theoretical study on reinforced concrete beams using steel strip plates as a ... more An experimental and theoretical study on reinforced concrete beams using steel strip plates as a shear reinforcement instead of stirrups bars is presented in this paper. Five specimens with same dimensions and properties were used in this study. One of them has regular ties as shear reinforcements and is used as a reference beam. Other specimens used steel plates as shear reinforcements with an equivalent area of the regular ties of the reference beam. Four thicknesses of plates were used, 1mm 2mm, 3mm, and 4mm. The experimental results showed a good agreement in term of the ultimate load within the range of 99.86 – 113.33 % of the ultimate load of the reference beam. The steel strips work as a regular tie to control the cracks (number and width). The analytical result showed that there is a good agreement between the numerical results and the experimental results in the term.
The present study deals with the effect of using plastic waste on mechanical properties of concre... more The present study deals with the effect of using plastic waste on mechanical properties of concrete. The experimental work consists of adding manually formed serrated plastic fibers by ratios of (1%, 2% and 3%) of cement weight. Different lengths of fibers were used for each ratio with a constant width of 5 mm. It was noticed from laboratory tests that the addition of plastic fibers improves the compressive strength, tensile strength and modulus of rupture of concrete, by different ratios, about 20%, furthermore it could be a sufficient method to get rid of plastic waste.
One of the important problems in fine aggregate is the contaminated with interior sulfates in man... more One of the important problems in fine aggregate is the contaminated with interior sulfates in manufacturing concrete in Iraq. Within standard specifications a difficult to obtain of well-graded fine aggregate with sulfates content is existed. The present research is devoted to enhancement of some properties of self-compacting concrete with fine aggregate contains internal sulfates by partial replacement of gypsum to fine aggregate by weight. This study is bifurcate of self-compacting concrete they are: first category is incorporating powder of limestone (LSP) in self-compacting concrete and the second one is incorporating 10% rise husk ash (RHA) plus powder of limestone (LSP). The investigated scales of fine aggregate with sulfates contents were (0.37%, 0.5%, 1.0%, and 1.5%) which is corresponding replacement by weight of cement equal of (3.74%, 3.99%, 4.96% and 5.93%) for mixes contained limestone powder and of (3.76%, 4.01%,4.98% and 5.96%) for mixes contains rise husk ash plus powder of limestone. Experimental program of this study is bifurcate; first one is using superplasticizers and fillers to produce self-compacting concrete then determine the workability. Second one is to evaluate the mechanical properties such as splitting tensile strength and compressive strength. It was noticed that, the exemplary content of gypsum was by weight of cement for all mixes was 0.5%. While increase in compressive strength in a range between 5.9% and 10.1%, and in tensile strength in a range between 1.2% and 8.5% for mixes of self-compacting concrete with limestone powder plus rise husk ash instead of limestone powder.
This paper presents applying gene expression programming (GEP) approach for predicting the punchi... more This paper presents applying gene expression programming (GEP) approach for predicting the punching shear strength of normal and high strength reinforced concrete flat slabs. The GEP model was developed and verified using 58 case histories that involve measured punching shear strength. The modelling was carried out by dividing the data into two sets: a training set for model calibration, and a validation set for verifying the generalization capability of the model. It is shown that the model is able to learn with high accuracy the complex relationship between the punching shear and the factors affecting it and produce this knowledge in the form of a function. The results have demonstrated that the GEP model performs very well with coefficient of determination, mean, standard deviation and probability density at 50% equivalent to 0.98, 0.99, 0.10 and 0.99, respectively. Moreover, the GEP predicts punching shear strength more accurately than the traditional methods.
The main goal of this research is to investigate the type and form of wire mesh most effective in... more The main goal of this research is to investigate the type and form of wire mesh most effective in the load resistance less deflection possible by testing load deflection of the samples in the laboratory. The results showed that the ordinary mesh with square wholes most effectiveness in strengthen their loads. Which have higher strength percent with less deflection. The second goal from the research is studying the effect of palygoriskite adding by the optimum content with high range water reducing admixture on some mechanical properties of the ferrocement paste through curing period arrive to 28 days for some properties like (compressive strength , splitting tensile strength , flexural strength) , and mix proportions 1:2.5 with w/c equal to 0.45. The results showed that concrete containing high reactive palygoriskite 15% from cement weight with high rang water reducing admixture had improvement in (compressive strength , splitting tensile strength and flexural strength). Where the percentage of incresement was (31.5% , 55.1% , 108.4%) at 28 days in compressive strength , splitting tensile strength and flexural strength respectively with reference mix .
The present study deals with the effect of using plastic waste on mechanical properties of concre... more The present study deals with the effect of using plastic waste on mechanical properties of concrete. The experimental work consists of adding manually formed serrated plastic fibers by ratios of (1%, 2% and 3%) of cement weight. Different lengths of fibers were used for each ratio with a constant width of 5 mm. It was noticed from laboratory tests that the addition of plastic fibers improves the compressive strength, tensile strength and modulus of rupture of concrete, by different ratios, about 20%, furthermore it could be a sufficient method to get rid of plastic waste.
In this study, an experimental and numerical investigation on the uniaxial compressive strength f... more In this study, an experimental and numerical investigation on the uniaxial compressive strength for 40 different profile shapes was conducted. Ten different cross-sections with four different lengths (300, 600, 900 and 1200 mm) of columns were cold-formed to choose the optimum design of columns for steel structure construction. Thin steel sheets with a thickness of 1 mm and a width of 400 mm were used to fabricate these columns. The behavior of the 40 simply supported columns under uniaxial compressive loading was experimentally evaluated and validated with a finite element model. It was observed that two main distinct types of failure mechanism are distortional buckling and local buckling in the deformed columns. The ultimate compressive strength of all columns is considerably shape-dependent, where the star-like cross-sectional profile of columns obtained the highest compressive load-carrying capacity regardless the length of columns. 300 mm long columns obviously carried the highest strength for all cross-sectional shapes. The numerical results of compressive strength showed good convergence with the practical ones. In-plane displacement to slenderness ratio is graphically discussed.
One of important problem in fine aggregate is the contaminated with interior sulfates in manufact... more One of important problem in fine aggregate is the contaminated with interior sulfates in manufacturing concrete in Iraq. Within standard specifications a difficult obtain of well-graded fine aggregate with sulfates content is existed. The present research is devoted to enhancement of some properties of self-compacting concrete with fine aggregate contains internal sulfates by partial replacement of gypsum to fine aggregate by weight. This study is bifurcate of self-compacting concrete they are: first category is incorporating powder of limestone (LSP) in self-compacting concrete and second one is incorporating 10% rise husk ash (RHA) plus powder of limestone (LSP). The investigated scales of fine aggregate with sulfates contents were (0.37%, 0.5%, 1.0%, and 1.5%) which is corresponding replacement by weight of cement equal of (3.74%, 3.99%, 4.96% and 5.93%) for mixes contained limestone powder and of (3.76%, 4.01%,4.98% and 5.96%) for mixes contains rise husk ash plus powder of limestone. Experimental program of this study is bifurcate; first one is using superplasticizers and fillers to produce self-compacting concrete then determine the workability. Second one is to evaluate the mechanical properties such as splitting tensile strength and compressive strength and. It was noticed that, the exemplary content of gypsum was by weight of cement for all mixes was 0.5%. While increase in compressive strength in a range between 5.9% and 10.1%, and in tensile strength in a range between 1.2% and 8.5% for mixes of self-compacting concrete with limestone powder plus rise husk ash instead of limestone powder.
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