The main aim of the implementation is the agriculture system by spraying the herbicides to the un... more The main aim of the implementation is the agriculture system by spraying the herbicides to the unnecessary weeds present in the farm field. Weed present in the field reduces the quantity and the quality of the crops and reduce the profit of the farmers. Almost all the Indians are dependent on Agriculture and up to 70% of the population depends on the Agriculture directly or indirectly. In India, 349 million acres of area are under cultivation. India is the top 7th net exporting nation across the globe in the Agricultural Goods, thus Agriculture plays a key role in the Indian Economics. Agriculture is a backbone of human life. In this paper we implemented image processing using MATLAB to detect the weed areas in an image of farm fields.
The natural fiber composite fabrication has been a highly preferred field of research due to its ... more The natural fiber composite fabrication has been a highly preferred field of research due to its unique properties like low mass density, stiffness, light in weight, low budget, easy obtainability and exceptional mechanical properties. These properties had found many applications in aircraft, space, automotive, sporting goods etc. The natural hybrid composites are the centre of attention for researchers as it serves in various engineering applications as asubstitute to commonly used synthetic fiber composites. The motive of this project is to study and enquire the tensile and flexural properties of Kenaf/Pineapple natural hybrid fiber with reinforced epoxy resin experimentally. The mechanical properties of Kenaf fiber are enhanced by incorporating the kenaf fiber with pineapple fiber. These hybridisations of fibres are made at different weight fractions and are incorporated with the mixture of resin epoxy LY556 and hardener HY951 by hand layup techniques. ASTM (American Society for Testing and Materials) standards were strictly followed for the preparation and testing of the tensile and flexural test specimens.
Conventional air conditioners work based on vapor compression cycle. They draw a lot of power for... more Conventional air conditioners work based on vapor compression cycle. They draw a lot of power for their operation. This paper emphasizes a new technique which is to precool the air that enters into a conventional air conditioner using eco-friendly evaporative cooling effect. Conventional air conditioners are generally designed to recirculate 60% of indoor air and mix it with 40% of atmospheric air before passing the mixture over the evaporator coil. The process is here is to precool the atmospheric air that mixes with the recirculated air using a heat exchanger coupled with an evaporative cooler. By precooling the atmospheric air at the air intake the power consumed by the air conditioner can be reduced significantly. This will increase the overall Coefficient of Performance of the air conditioning system. Thus power to run air conditioners is saved with the effective cooling in an eco-friendly manner.
Chip evacuation is one of the essential indicators reflecting the quality of drilling of printed ... more Chip evacuation is one of the essential indicators reflecting the quality of drilling of printed circuit board (PCB). Thrust force variation shows the chip evacuation condition as drilling depth increases. This paper aims to describe the chip evacuation, thrust force and force generation mechanism. The goal is to provide thrust characteristics which can reflect chip evacuation performance. The chip evacuation is observed and recorded through high-speed photography technology. The thrust force of single and multiple drilling procedures of two materials is gauged with dynamometer. Curling is main deformation of copper and aluminium chips. The main evacuation form of chips is spiralling up along the flute. Maximum thrust force appears when drilling top copper foil. When the thrust force of multiple hole drilling is stable, the hole accuracy meets the requirement of production. This paper analyses chip evacuation in PCB micro-drilling. The process of chip evacuation is captured by high-speed camera. The relationship between hole accuracy and thrust force is illustrated.
Cognitive mapping might be considered as an essential element of pre design/ post design phase fo... more Cognitive mapping might be considered as an essential element of pre design/ post design phase for public spaces. Cognitive maps can be defined as a category of mental representation and concepts that are built to visualize and obtain information. The reason why people use cognitive mapping is to create an opportunity to represent their experiences about their environment. Public spaces provide a space in which people can come in contact with the social world outside and experience the opportunity of being with, seeing and hearing others which instills stimulation. This paper aims towards the role of cognitive mapping in spaces for public use. Besides, the relevance and impact of Cognitive Mapping in Public spaces is also discussed. The five principles of Kevin Lynch i.e. paths, nodes, districts, edges and landmarks are considered for understanding the impact of cognitive mapping in spaces for public use. Thereafter, the Influence of Cognitive Mapping in determining success / failure of a Public Spaces is also looked upon. Next, two cases of Mexico City and Melbourne, involving cognitive mapping in places for public use is mentioned to understand the practical implications of the topic. Lastly, observations from primary survey/exercise for understanding cognitive mapping in spaces for public use undertaken by the authors have been mentioned. These primary studies had been done in Jodhpur, Chandigarh and Visakhapatnam. The inferences and facts from the paper might be used by architects and planners to understand the considerations to be taken before starting to visualize a successful public place.
The structure of dental implant is very important to its service life. In order to investigate th... more The structure of dental implant is very important to its service life. In order to investigate the effect of the biomechanical properties of anchored dental implant on the osseointegration strength and secondary stability of dental implant, a dental implant model was established based on the three-dimensional structure of human oral cavity, craniomaxillofacial region. Static analysis of dental implant under static load was carried out by using ANSYS finite element analysis software. The results show that the anchorage structure dental implants have better biomechanical compatibility than the traditional standard dental implants, and can improve the strength of the bone-bonding interface. At the same time, the side of the anchorage structure can share the stress of the alveolar bone-implant interface and reduce the risk of unintentional bone-implant damage, so as to ensure the secondary stability of the dental implant, and can better limit the degree of freedom of movement of the dental implant, indirectly promote the restoration of bone-implant injury by reducing the fretting of the dental implant.
The teaching and learning process in junior high schools in Papua, still conventional, is that te... more The teaching and learning process in junior high schools in Papua, still conventional, is that teachers deliver subject matter, assignments, quizzes, gathering assignments and other things related to the teaching and learning process are only carried out in the classroom so that learning activities are limited by time according to hours lesson. This resulted in the achievement of competence, completeness of the subject matter, and students' learning motivation was not achieved. Smart solutions to deal with problems in junior high schools in Papua is to make smart school applications. Smart school applications become blended learning that combines advance learning methods with online learning systems .Increasing student learning motivation by implementing a smart school application can form interactions between teachers and students, students and students, and communication between the school and parents. This can create an effective, efficient and paperless learning environment.
This paper highlights the huge opportunities in the small-scale sandcrete block making industry i... more This paper highlights the huge opportunities in the small-scale sandcrete block making industry in Nigeria. It explains the ingredients whose understanding is necessary for engaging in the profitable and sustainable small–scale sandcrete block making business. These ingredients include the available resources, material requirements, the basic production and quality management practices, cost analysis and the key success factors. It is recommended that entrepreneurs and unemployed youths can consider the small-scale sandcrete block making industry as a means of engaging in profitable employment in Nigeria.
The aim of demand-side management (DSM) in the electric power distribution network is to manage c... more The aim of demand-side management (DSM) in the electric power distribution network is to manage congested systems and balance supply-demand at operating conditions thereby reducing systems losses, system reliability improvement and voltage stability. For the past fourteen (14) years, researchers have proposed various methodologies that include artificial intelligent-based techniques to implement DSM in the distribution network. This paper x-ray a comprehensive bibliographical study and general backgrounds of researches and developments in the areas of demand-side management (DSM) and optimization using modern heuristic tools in over thirty (30) published articles that were evaluated. The advantage of this comprehensive evaluation is to provide a reference point for educational development on the recently published articles in the areas of DSM and to stimulate research interest.
Prefabricated substation are highly susceptible to external environmental and mechanical factors ... more Prefabricated substation are highly susceptible to external environmental and mechanical factors due to long-term exposure to the outdoors. On account of the large structure, the prefabricated substation box is difficult to conduct on-site tests and indoor test analysis. In this paper, according to the topography and climatic characteristics of north western China where prefabricated substation box is used in, finite element analysis method is developed to analyze its performance under wind and snow loads in this region, wind and snow resistance performance of prefabricated substation box is studied, which provides a new idea for the design of prefabricated substation box in the special environment and has important practical application value and research significance.
A fault identification method of rolling bearing based on depth belief network is proposed, which... more A fault identification method of rolling bearing based on depth belief network is proposed, which does not need to extract fault features in advance. Vibration signal is directly used as the input of the whole system. Fault feature extraction and fault identification can be automatically accomplished by using the powerful feature extraction ability of deep confidence network. The results show that the proposed method is able to not only adaptively mine available fault characteristics from the data, but also obtain higher identification accuracy than the existing methods.
Based on the topography and climate characteristics of Northwest China, box structure for prefabr... more Based on the topography and climate characteristics of Northwest China, box structure for prefabricated substation used in the region is designed, the finite element method is developed to calculate of its strength, and the rationality of the structural design is verified. Used the finite element analysis software, optimizing the supporting column section of the box structure is also studied. The results show that the quality of the corner column is reduced by 12.9% and the quality of the side column is reduced by 13.51% under the condition of meeting the requirements of wind and snow resistance performance.
Self-consolidating/compacting concrete (SCC) is used in a wide range forpurpose of construction o... more Self-consolidating/compacting concrete (SCC) is used in a wide range forpurpose of construction of high raised buildings, pavements and industrial applications which may be suitable to a highrange of temperatures to support fire resistance. The meaning of standard temperatures on the properties of self-compacting concrete is necessary. This presents the reports of laboratory experimental investigations carried out in order to study on the development of High performance and high Strength Self Consolidating Concrete containing/using GGBS, fly ash, and cement as a binder and its effect on the compressive strength of concrete at standard water-cement ratio in self-compacting concrete. It is found that the compressive strength of self-compacting concrete decreases with increasing in temperature. It is compared with normal-strength self-compacting concrete to possess a larger amount of compressive strength of concrete which is exposed to high strength temperature. In the experiment, flyash was varied by 5%, 15%, 25%, and 35%. GGBS was kept constant at 20% for all mixes. Cement was proportioned as 75%, 65%, 55%, and 45% respectively. The mechanical properties of the self compacting concrete are Compressive strength, Split Tensile Strength, and Flexural properties were examined by replacing VMA with conplast 430.
The suspension system of a vehicle is an essential component because it is related to the dynamic... more The suspension system of a vehicle is an essential component because it is related to the dynamic performance of the vehicle. It ensures the tire-grounding contact, absorbing the oscillations excited by the road, and maintains the stability of the vehicle by distributing the wheel forces, providing comfort and safety to vehicle occupants. Structurally it links the vehicle sprung mass to the unsprung mass, and it connects to other subsystems, such as the steering and the brake components. In order to analysis and design a suspension system, several models that simulate the suspension dynamics behavior are available, however each has a different level of complexity and the accuracy of the results varies. Thus, the aim of this study was to compare a quarter car model with the real dynamics of a vehicle using a Matlab simulation. A test vehicle was instrumented with three-axis accelerometers, through which data on the acceleration of the sprung mass and unsprung mass was obtained when the vehicle was excited by a speed bump. From this simulation, it was possible to perform a model update to obtain the approximate vehicle parameters. The road surface quality plays a fundamental role in the vehicle oscillation and therefore in the comfort of the vehicle occupants. Using the instrumented vehicle and the adjusted parameters of the model, some routes along different pavement types in the city of Joinville were chosen to collect the vibration data in a vehicular test. The results were used to determine the international roughness index (IRI), an index to evaluate road quality. It was verified that the city roads with high IRI values, for instance, on streets paved with cobble stones, are associated with greater discomfort to passengers inside the vehicle, reflecting a low quality of the pavement. In contrast, lower IRI values are obtained for roads with a higher quality surface, resulting in greater comfort for the passengers.
Dynamics characteristics of food fluid flow in a FDM (fused deposition) 3D printer capsule tube, ... more Dynamics characteristics of food fluid flow in a FDM (fused deposition) 3D printer capsule tube, the existing 3D printing nozzle structure was improved, and the mathematical model of flow velocity was established by combining the relevant theories of fluid mechanics. A fluid dynamics simulation model of the piston extrusion process was established by using ANSYS FLUENT, Through the analysis of the internal flow field distribution of the nozzle, the flow velocity of the nozzle section and the distribution of the internal pressure of the pipeline, the research shows that the improved nozzle can effectively alleviate the pressure field inside the nozzle and the flow field in the capsule tube more smoothly. The flow rate is stable step by step. This method provides a theoretical basis for studying the difficult problems of improving the 3D printing extrusion process of food, and has certain reference value.
The Engineering System (Engsys) depends on many factors such as: inputs, outputs, and automation.... more The Engineering System (Engsys) depends on many factors such as: inputs, outputs, and automation. This work contributes the linguistic control for industrial applications. Also, it is the development of a linguistic approach for designing Fuzzy Controller "FC" for Engsys. This paper introduced FC in Engsys (robot arm manipulator dynamic) in the mechanical applications, the constant gains for different points not sufficient to satisfy the performance for Engsys manipulator. Therefore, the knowledge-based FC is proposed ether to meet the operating conditions or to remove any fixed mode. The FC uses the error and the change of error as fuzzy linguistic inputs to satisfy the system performance. The proposed programs are developed to simulate the performance of the Engsys. The new controller uses only the available information of the input-output for controlling the position and velocity of the Engsys axes of the motion of the end effectors.
The integration of CAD system and PDM system is the most difficult part in the process of PDM sys... more The integration of CAD system and PDM system is the most difficult part in the process of PDM system integration, and its key is to ensure the consistency of data changes betweenCAD system and PDM system. This paper introduces how to integrate SolidWorks in PDM system to achieve the automatical establishment of BOM table.
Solid propellants are mainly used in rocket propulsion applications. The performance of a rocket ... more Solid propellants are mainly used in rocket propulsion applications. The performance of a rocket is directly affected by the design of the solid propellant used. The presence of impurities in the propellant formulation can reduce the average thrust, specific impulse and characteristic velocity of a rocket. Oxidizers are the main compounds in propellants formulation, which produce the high energy on combustion. One the most commonly used oxidizers in amateur rocketry is potassium nitrate. KNO 3 is normally used because of its good characteristics that include compatibility with others ingredients and availability at low cost in fertilizer formulation. The main objective of this work is to propose a methodology to obtain higher purity potassium nitrate from a fertilizer, an available and inexpensive source that can be used as oxidizer in a solid rocket propellant formulation. The KNO 3 crystals were obtained by recrystallization process using a commercial fertilizer. The properties of purified fertilizer were compared with the properties of KNO 3 analytical. The fertilizer, purified and analytical grade KNO 3 samples were evaluated by means of morphology, pH of saturated solution, Fourier transform infrared (FTIR) spectroscopy, and differential scanning calorimetry (DSC). The results demonstrated that recrystallization process effectively remove impurities from the fertilizer. The purified KNO 3 crystals were optically transparent with a planar shape, similar to higher purity KNO 3. The FTIR and DSC results showed that some impurities, such as, sulfur and alkaline compounds were removed after recrystallization and the purified KNO 3 presented a similar behavior than higher purity KNO 3. The recrystallization process used in this work can successfully used to obtain KNO 3 crystals with high purity that can be used as oxidizer in solid propellants for rockets.
The project aim is to provide an overview of design, manufacture and testing of shell and tube he... more The project aim is to provide an overview of design, manufacture and testing of shell and tube heat exchanger and to compare the performance with using plain tube and low fin tubes. The objective of the project is to remove the heat from the lubricating oil passing it through the heat exchanger where in a coolant is circulated to remove the heat. Water is commonly used as the coolant to dissipate heat. The heat exchangers are designed for shell side flow rate 35lpm, temperature 55 o C-45 o C and tube side flow rate of 30 o C-35 o C. First the design calculations are done using the details of heat exchanger, various correlations and finally arriving at the design drawing of heat exchanger using the AutoCAD tool. Various manufacturing techniques were used for manufacturing of heat exchanger. Testing was then done on the manufactured heat exchangers for checking the performance of the heat exchangers.
Canned cycles are a powerful manual programming tool for conveniently performing repetitive CNC m... more Canned cycles are a powerful manual programming tool for conveniently performing repetitive CNC machine operations. Canned cycles is an option that can be purchased from most CNC manufacturers However the number and type of canned cycles is generally limited to certain machining tasks and applied to the most common geometric shapes being unable to accommodate the increasing needs of the manufacturing industry. This paper comes to suggest a new set of canned cycles that extends the feature generating capabilities of CNC milling machines. The development of the new canned cycles is based on parametric programming an advanced programming technique available on all modern CNC machines. The effectiveness of the proposed new canned cycles is verified by simulation tests for each one of them.
The main aim of the implementation is the agriculture system by spraying the herbicides to the un... more The main aim of the implementation is the agriculture system by spraying the herbicides to the unnecessary weeds present in the farm field. Weed present in the field reduces the quantity and the quality of the crops and reduce the profit of the farmers. Almost all the Indians are dependent on Agriculture and up to 70% of the population depends on the Agriculture directly or indirectly. In India, 349 million acres of area are under cultivation. India is the top 7th net exporting nation across the globe in the Agricultural Goods, thus Agriculture plays a key role in the Indian Economics. Agriculture is a backbone of human life. In this paper we implemented image processing using MATLAB to detect the weed areas in an image of farm fields.
The natural fiber composite fabrication has been a highly preferred field of research due to its ... more The natural fiber composite fabrication has been a highly preferred field of research due to its unique properties like low mass density, stiffness, light in weight, low budget, easy obtainability and exceptional mechanical properties. These properties had found many applications in aircraft, space, automotive, sporting goods etc. The natural hybrid composites are the centre of attention for researchers as it serves in various engineering applications as asubstitute to commonly used synthetic fiber composites. The motive of this project is to study and enquire the tensile and flexural properties of Kenaf/Pineapple natural hybrid fiber with reinforced epoxy resin experimentally. The mechanical properties of Kenaf fiber are enhanced by incorporating the kenaf fiber with pineapple fiber. These hybridisations of fibres are made at different weight fractions and are incorporated with the mixture of resin epoxy LY556 and hardener HY951 by hand layup techniques. ASTM (American Society for Testing and Materials) standards were strictly followed for the preparation and testing of the tensile and flexural test specimens.
Conventional air conditioners work based on vapor compression cycle. They draw a lot of power for... more Conventional air conditioners work based on vapor compression cycle. They draw a lot of power for their operation. This paper emphasizes a new technique which is to precool the air that enters into a conventional air conditioner using eco-friendly evaporative cooling effect. Conventional air conditioners are generally designed to recirculate 60% of indoor air and mix it with 40% of atmospheric air before passing the mixture over the evaporator coil. The process is here is to precool the atmospheric air that mixes with the recirculated air using a heat exchanger coupled with an evaporative cooler. By precooling the atmospheric air at the air intake the power consumed by the air conditioner can be reduced significantly. This will increase the overall Coefficient of Performance of the air conditioning system. Thus power to run air conditioners is saved with the effective cooling in an eco-friendly manner.
Chip evacuation is one of the essential indicators reflecting the quality of drilling of printed ... more Chip evacuation is one of the essential indicators reflecting the quality of drilling of printed circuit board (PCB). Thrust force variation shows the chip evacuation condition as drilling depth increases. This paper aims to describe the chip evacuation, thrust force and force generation mechanism. The goal is to provide thrust characteristics which can reflect chip evacuation performance. The chip evacuation is observed and recorded through high-speed photography technology. The thrust force of single and multiple drilling procedures of two materials is gauged with dynamometer. Curling is main deformation of copper and aluminium chips. The main evacuation form of chips is spiralling up along the flute. Maximum thrust force appears when drilling top copper foil. When the thrust force of multiple hole drilling is stable, the hole accuracy meets the requirement of production. This paper analyses chip evacuation in PCB micro-drilling. The process of chip evacuation is captured by high-speed camera. The relationship between hole accuracy and thrust force is illustrated.
Cognitive mapping might be considered as an essential element of pre design/ post design phase fo... more Cognitive mapping might be considered as an essential element of pre design/ post design phase for public spaces. Cognitive maps can be defined as a category of mental representation and concepts that are built to visualize and obtain information. The reason why people use cognitive mapping is to create an opportunity to represent their experiences about their environment. Public spaces provide a space in which people can come in contact with the social world outside and experience the opportunity of being with, seeing and hearing others which instills stimulation. This paper aims towards the role of cognitive mapping in spaces for public use. Besides, the relevance and impact of Cognitive Mapping in Public spaces is also discussed. The five principles of Kevin Lynch i.e. paths, nodes, districts, edges and landmarks are considered for understanding the impact of cognitive mapping in spaces for public use. Thereafter, the Influence of Cognitive Mapping in determining success / failure of a Public Spaces is also looked upon. Next, two cases of Mexico City and Melbourne, involving cognitive mapping in places for public use is mentioned to understand the practical implications of the topic. Lastly, observations from primary survey/exercise for understanding cognitive mapping in spaces for public use undertaken by the authors have been mentioned. These primary studies had been done in Jodhpur, Chandigarh and Visakhapatnam. The inferences and facts from the paper might be used by architects and planners to understand the considerations to be taken before starting to visualize a successful public place.
The structure of dental implant is very important to its service life. In order to investigate th... more The structure of dental implant is very important to its service life. In order to investigate the effect of the biomechanical properties of anchored dental implant on the osseointegration strength and secondary stability of dental implant, a dental implant model was established based on the three-dimensional structure of human oral cavity, craniomaxillofacial region. Static analysis of dental implant under static load was carried out by using ANSYS finite element analysis software. The results show that the anchorage structure dental implants have better biomechanical compatibility than the traditional standard dental implants, and can improve the strength of the bone-bonding interface. At the same time, the side of the anchorage structure can share the stress of the alveolar bone-implant interface and reduce the risk of unintentional bone-implant damage, so as to ensure the secondary stability of the dental implant, and can better limit the degree of freedom of movement of the dental implant, indirectly promote the restoration of bone-implant injury by reducing the fretting of the dental implant.
The teaching and learning process in junior high schools in Papua, still conventional, is that te... more The teaching and learning process in junior high schools in Papua, still conventional, is that teachers deliver subject matter, assignments, quizzes, gathering assignments and other things related to the teaching and learning process are only carried out in the classroom so that learning activities are limited by time according to hours lesson. This resulted in the achievement of competence, completeness of the subject matter, and students' learning motivation was not achieved. Smart solutions to deal with problems in junior high schools in Papua is to make smart school applications. Smart school applications become blended learning that combines advance learning methods with online learning systems .Increasing student learning motivation by implementing a smart school application can form interactions between teachers and students, students and students, and communication between the school and parents. This can create an effective, efficient and paperless learning environment.
This paper highlights the huge opportunities in the small-scale sandcrete block making industry i... more This paper highlights the huge opportunities in the small-scale sandcrete block making industry in Nigeria. It explains the ingredients whose understanding is necessary for engaging in the profitable and sustainable small–scale sandcrete block making business. These ingredients include the available resources, material requirements, the basic production and quality management practices, cost analysis and the key success factors. It is recommended that entrepreneurs and unemployed youths can consider the small-scale sandcrete block making industry as a means of engaging in profitable employment in Nigeria.
The aim of demand-side management (DSM) in the electric power distribution network is to manage c... more The aim of demand-side management (DSM) in the electric power distribution network is to manage congested systems and balance supply-demand at operating conditions thereby reducing systems losses, system reliability improvement and voltage stability. For the past fourteen (14) years, researchers have proposed various methodologies that include artificial intelligent-based techniques to implement DSM in the distribution network. This paper x-ray a comprehensive bibliographical study and general backgrounds of researches and developments in the areas of demand-side management (DSM) and optimization using modern heuristic tools in over thirty (30) published articles that were evaluated. The advantage of this comprehensive evaluation is to provide a reference point for educational development on the recently published articles in the areas of DSM and to stimulate research interest.
Prefabricated substation are highly susceptible to external environmental and mechanical factors ... more Prefabricated substation are highly susceptible to external environmental and mechanical factors due to long-term exposure to the outdoors. On account of the large structure, the prefabricated substation box is difficult to conduct on-site tests and indoor test analysis. In this paper, according to the topography and climatic characteristics of north western China where prefabricated substation box is used in, finite element analysis method is developed to analyze its performance under wind and snow loads in this region, wind and snow resistance performance of prefabricated substation box is studied, which provides a new idea for the design of prefabricated substation box in the special environment and has important practical application value and research significance.
A fault identification method of rolling bearing based on depth belief network is proposed, which... more A fault identification method of rolling bearing based on depth belief network is proposed, which does not need to extract fault features in advance. Vibration signal is directly used as the input of the whole system. Fault feature extraction and fault identification can be automatically accomplished by using the powerful feature extraction ability of deep confidence network. The results show that the proposed method is able to not only adaptively mine available fault characteristics from the data, but also obtain higher identification accuracy than the existing methods.
Based on the topography and climate characteristics of Northwest China, box structure for prefabr... more Based on the topography and climate characteristics of Northwest China, box structure for prefabricated substation used in the region is designed, the finite element method is developed to calculate of its strength, and the rationality of the structural design is verified. Used the finite element analysis software, optimizing the supporting column section of the box structure is also studied. The results show that the quality of the corner column is reduced by 12.9% and the quality of the side column is reduced by 13.51% under the condition of meeting the requirements of wind and snow resistance performance.
Self-consolidating/compacting concrete (SCC) is used in a wide range forpurpose of construction o... more Self-consolidating/compacting concrete (SCC) is used in a wide range forpurpose of construction of high raised buildings, pavements and industrial applications which may be suitable to a highrange of temperatures to support fire resistance. The meaning of standard temperatures on the properties of self-compacting concrete is necessary. This presents the reports of laboratory experimental investigations carried out in order to study on the development of High performance and high Strength Self Consolidating Concrete containing/using GGBS, fly ash, and cement as a binder and its effect on the compressive strength of concrete at standard water-cement ratio in self-compacting concrete. It is found that the compressive strength of self-compacting concrete decreases with increasing in temperature. It is compared with normal-strength self-compacting concrete to possess a larger amount of compressive strength of concrete which is exposed to high strength temperature. In the experiment, flyash was varied by 5%, 15%, 25%, and 35%. GGBS was kept constant at 20% for all mixes. Cement was proportioned as 75%, 65%, 55%, and 45% respectively. The mechanical properties of the self compacting concrete are Compressive strength, Split Tensile Strength, and Flexural properties were examined by replacing VMA with conplast 430.
The suspension system of a vehicle is an essential component because it is related to the dynamic... more The suspension system of a vehicle is an essential component because it is related to the dynamic performance of the vehicle. It ensures the tire-grounding contact, absorbing the oscillations excited by the road, and maintains the stability of the vehicle by distributing the wheel forces, providing comfort and safety to vehicle occupants. Structurally it links the vehicle sprung mass to the unsprung mass, and it connects to other subsystems, such as the steering and the brake components. In order to analysis and design a suspension system, several models that simulate the suspension dynamics behavior are available, however each has a different level of complexity and the accuracy of the results varies. Thus, the aim of this study was to compare a quarter car model with the real dynamics of a vehicle using a Matlab simulation. A test vehicle was instrumented with three-axis accelerometers, through which data on the acceleration of the sprung mass and unsprung mass was obtained when the vehicle was excited by a speed bump. From this simulation, it was possible to perform a model update to obtain the approximate vehicle parameters. The road surface quality plays a fundamental role in the vehicle oscillation and therefore in the comfort of the vehicle occupants. Using the instrumented vehicle and the adjusted parameters of the model, some routes along different pavement types in the city of Joinville were chosen to collect the vibration data in a vehicular test. The results were used to determine the international roughness index (IRI), an index to evaluate road quality. It was verified that the city roads with high IRI values, for instance, on streets paved with cobble stones, are associated with greater discomfort to passengers inside the vehicle, reflecting a low quality of the pavement. In contrast, lower IRI values are obtained for roads with a higher quality surface, resulting in greater comfort for the passengers.
Dynamics characteristics of food fluid flow in a FDM (fused deposition) 3D printer capsule tube, ... more Dynamics characteristics of food fluid flow in a FDM (fused deposition) 3D printer capsule tube, the existing 3D printing nozzle structure was improved, and the mathematical model of flow velocity was established by combining the relevant theories of fluid mechanics. A fluid dynamics simulation model of the piston extrusion process was established by using ANSYS FLUENT, Through the analysis of the internal flow field distribution of the nozzle, the flow velocity of the nozzle section and the distribution of the internal pressure of the pipeline, the research shows that the improved nozzle can effectively alleviate the pressure field inside the nozzle and the flow field in the capsule tube more smoothly. The flow rate is stable step by step. This method provides a theoretical basis for studying the difficult problems of improving the 3D printing extrusion process of food, and has certain reference value.
The Engineering System (Engsys) depends on many factors such as: inputs, outputs, and automation.... more The Engineering System (Engsys) depends on many factors such as: inputs, outputs, and automation. This work contributes the linguistic control for industrial applications. Also, it is the development of a linguistic approach for designing Fuzzy Controller "FC" for Engsys. This paper introduced FC in Engsys (robot arm manipulator dynamic) in the mechanical applications, the constant gains for different points not sufficient to satisfy the performance for Engsys manipulator. Therefore, the knowledge-based FC is proposed ether to meet the operating conditions or to remove any fixed mode. The FC uses the error and the change of error as fuzzy linguistic inputs to satisfy the system performance. The proposed programs are developed to simulate the performance of the Engsys. The new controller uses only the available information of the input-output for controlling the position and velocity of the Engsys axes of the motion of the end effectors.
The integration of CAD system and PDM system is the most difficult part in the process of PDM sys... more The integration of CAD system and PDM system is the most difficult part in the process of PDM system integration, and its key is to ensure the consistency of data changes betweenCAD system and PDM system. This paper introduces how to integrate SolidWorks in PDM system to achieve the automatical establishment of BOM table.
Solid propellants are mainly used in rocket propulsion applications. The performance of a rocket ... more Solid propellants are mainly used in rocket propulsion applications. The performance of a rocket is directly affected by the design of the solid propellant used. The presence of impurities in the propellant formulation can reduce the average thrust, specific impulse and characteristic velocity of a rocket. Oxidizers are the main compounds in propellants formulation, which produce the high energy on combustion. One the most commonly used oxidizers in amateur rocketry is potassium nitrate. KNO 3 is normally used because of its good characteristics that include compatibility with others ingredients and availability at low cost in fertilizer formulation. The main objective of this work is to propose a methodology to obtain higher purity potassium nitrate from a fertilizer, an available and inexpensive source that can be used as oxidizer in a solid rocket propellant formulation. The KNO 3 crystals were obtained by recrystallization process using a commercial fertilizer. The properties of purified fertilizer were compared with the properties of KNO 3 analytical. The fertilizer, purified and analytical grade KNO 3 samples were evaluated by means of morphology, pH of saturated solution, Fourier transform infrared (FTIR) spectroscopy, and differential scanning calorimetry (DSC). The results demonstrated that recrystallization process effectively remove impurities from the fertilizer. The purified KNO 3 crystals were optically transparent with a planar shape, similar to higher purity KNO 3. The FTIR and DSC results showed that some impurities, such as, sulfur and alkaline compounds were removed after recrystallization and the purified KNO 3 presented a similar behavior than higher purity KNO 3. The recrystallization process used in this work can successfully used to obtain KNO 3 crystals with high purity that can be used as oxidizer in solid propellants for rockets.
The project aim is to provide an overview of design, manufacture and testing of shell and tube he... more The project aim is to provide an overview of design, manufacture and testing of shell and tube heat exchanger and to compare the performance with using plain tube and low fin tubes. The objective of the project is to remove the heat from the lubricating oil passing it through the heat exchanger where in a coolant is circulated to remove the heat. Water is commonly used as the coolant to dissipate heat. The heat exchangers are designed for shell side flow rate 35lpm, temperature 55 o C-45 o C and tube side flow rate of 30 o C-35 o C. First the design calculations are done using the details of heat exchanger, various correlations and finally arriving at the design drawing of heat exchanger using the AutoCAD tool. Various manufacturing techniques were used for manufacturing of heat exchanger. Testing was then done on the manufactured heat exchangers for checking the performance of the heat exchangers.
Canned cycles are a powerful manual programming tool for conveniently performing repetitive CNC m... more Canned cycles are a powerful manual programming tool for conveniently performing repetitive CNC machine operations. Canned cycles is an option that can be purchased from most CNC manufacturers However the number and type of canned cycles is generally limited to certain machining tasks and applied to the most common geometric shapes being unable to accommodate the increasing needs of the manufacturing industry. This paper comes to suggest a new set of canned cycles that extends the feature generating capabilities of CNC milling machines. The development of the new canned cycles is based on parametric programming an advanced programming technique available on all modern CNC machines. The effectiveness of the proposed new canned cycles is verified by simulation tests for each one of them.
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