Background and Objectives: Despite the use of exercise therapy in patients with respiratory disease such as asthma, some researchers have emphasized on taking supplementation as a therapeutic approach. The aim of this research was to... more
Background and Objectives: Despite the use of exercise therapy in patients with respiratory disease such as asthma, some researchers have emphasized on taking supplementation as a therapeutic approach. The aim of this research was to investigate the effect of a course of aerobic exercise and consumption of vitamin D supplementation (1000 IU) on respiratory indicators of patients with asthma.Methods: This study was designed as a quasi-experimental investigation on a total of 32 female asthmatic patients with a mean age of 20-30 years. Subjects were classified into four eight-person groups: 1- (AT+S) group which had both aerobic training and supplementation consumption; 2- Aerobic training (AT) group that only participated in exercise training; 3- Group (S) that only consumed vitamin D supplementation; 4- Control (C) Group that had neither aerobic training nor supplementation consumption. Statistical analysis was performed by ANOVA and Bonferroni post-hoc test. Significant difference considered as p<0.05. Results: In this study, there was a significant difference in post test (p<0.001) between groups in case of maximum voluntary ventilation (MVV), peak expiratory flow rate (PEF) and maximum expiratory flow at 75% vital capacity (FEF75%) and Maximum expiratory flow between 25% to 75% vital capacity (FEF25%-75%). These indices increased in group AT and AT+S, whereas, they showed decrease in group S and C.Conclusion: Our results indicated that aerobic exercise together with consumption of vitamin D supplementation for 8 weeks could improve the pulmonary function and level of aerobic performance of asthmatic patients and could be considered as a part of pulmonary rehabilitation programs for asthmatic patients.
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Abstract: Problem statement: To quantify the effect of exhausting exercise induced muscular fatigue on functional stability. Approach: About 30 male professional athletes with mean age 23±2.1 years old, mean weight 82±1.3 kg and mean... more
Abstract: Problem statement: To quantify the effect of exhausting exercise induced muscular fatigue on functional stability. Approach: About 30 male professional athletes with mean age 23±2.1 years old, mean weight 82±1.3 kg and mean height1 81±9.7 cm were selected for participation in this study. In this study Unstable Biodex platform (level 3) used for stability evaluation. Balance performance was quantified as a stability index and the mean deflection of the platform. Running Based Anaerobic Test (RAST test) used for fatigue execution. Results: Results showed no significant (p>0.05) main effect for exercise duration in the stability index, suggesting that balance performance was maintained throughout the competition. Hence there wasn’t a significant relationship between lactate acid accumulation and variations of stability indices (r =-0/661, p<0.05). Conclusion: Therefore, the improvement of proprioception in the ankle and knee joint is recommended as a prevention role to ...
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The aim of this study was to investigate the effect of selected combined training on strength, balance and quality of life in patients with multiple sclerosis. 45 patients from Iran MS Association were voluntarily selected as the... more
The aim of this study was to investigate the effect of selected combined training on strength, balance and quality of life in patients with multiple sclerosis. 45 patients from Iran MS Association were voluntarily selected as the statistical population. 38 volunteers participated in this study and randomly divided into control (mean+SD: age 31.631+6.001 yrs, weight 62.684+12.194 kg, height 165.115+7.587cm) (n=19) and experimental (mean+SD: age 32.500+6.031 yrs, weight 64.527+9.915 kg, height 165.055+8.557cm) (n = 19). Experimental group performed a progressive combined exercise including stretching, aerobic exercises, resistance and balance training for 24 sessions during 8 weeks. The control group did not perform any training. Strength, balance and quality of life were measured by one repetition maximum (1RM), Berg Balance Scores (BBS) and Multiple Sclerosis Quality of Life – 54 questionnaire (MSQOL – 54) respectively one week before and after the training (P=0.05). t test results ...
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Energy drink consumption by athletes has become increasingly popular. The aim of this study was to determine the effect of phantom and dragon energy drinks on female athlete students. For this purpose, twelve female athlete students of... more
Energy drink consumption by athletes has become increasingly popular. The aim of this study was to determine the effect of phantom and dragon energy drinks on female athlete students. For this purpose, twelve female athlete students of Tehran University (age 22±0.63 years, height 162.1±5.8 cm, weight 56.91±6.79 kg) volunteered to participate in this study and performed three sessions of a Bruce treadmill test with 4-day intervals. In each session, in a double-blind, randomized and counterbalanced design, 6 ml/kg/bw of phantom, dragon or placebo was consumed 40 minutes before the exercise test. Results showed that dragon and phantom consumption resulted in a significant difference between VO 2max, time of exhaustion and perceived exertion in the posttest (P 0.05). Dragon significantly increased HRmax when compared to phantom and placebo (P< 0.05). In conclusion, the acute consumption of phantom and dragon drinks probably has ergogenic effects on some cardiovascular factors.
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Background and Objectives: Probiotics are live microorganisms, which if administered in adequate amounts,have beneficial effects on host health. Probioticsreduces the risk of developing diseases in the consumers through prevention of the... more
Background and Objectives: Probiotics are live microorganisms, which if administered in adequate amounts,have beneficial effects on host health. Probioticsreduces the risk of developing diseases in the consumers through prevention of the immunosuppressive effects. The present study was performed with the purpose of comparing the effect of probiotic supplementation on the immune response in male athletes, before and after exhaustive exercise. Methods: In a double-blind study, 16 male athlete volunteers aged between 19-25 years were assigned into two groups of experimental and placebo. Subjects of the experimental and placebo respectively tooktwo capsules of probiotic or placebo daily for 30 days. Blood samples of the participants were collected at the beginning and on the 30th day, and the numbers of lymphocytes, monocytes, granulocytes, serum CRP, and serum IgA were measured. Data were analyzed using repeated measurement method and independent t-test. Results: Consumption of probiot...
Overtraining syndrome is a chronic situation that results from long periods of high intensity or high volume work without rest periods. The purpose of this study was to determine the relationship between plasma testosterone and cortisol... more
Overtraining syndrome is a chronic situation that results from long periods of high intensity or high volume work without rest periods. The purpose of this study was to determine the relationship between plasma testosterone and cortisol concentrations with ...
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The occurrence and mechanisms underlying non-local or crossover muscle fatigue is an ongoing issue. This study aimed to investigate crossover fatigue of the plantar flexor muscles. Sixteen recreationally active males (n = 6) and females... more
The occurrence and mechanisms underlying non-local or crossover muscle fatigue is an ongoing issue. This study aimed to investigate crossover fatigue of the plantar flexor muscles. Sixteen recreationally active males (n = 6) and females (n = 10) visited the laboratory for four sessions and performed a single 5-s pre-test maximal voluntary isometric contraction (MVIC) with each plantar flexors muscle. Thereafter, the fatigue intervention involved two 100-s MVICs (60-s recovery) with their dominant plantar flexors or rested for 260-s (control). Subsequently, in two separate sessions, Hoffman reflexes (H-reflex) were evoked in the non-dominant, non-exercised, leg before and following the dominant leg fatigue or control intervention (Fatigue-Reflex and Control-Reflex conditions). MVIC forces and volitional (V)-waves were monitored in the non-dominant leg in the other two sessions (Fatigue-MVIC and Control-MVIC) before and after the intervention (fatigue or control) as well as during 12 ...
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Alzheimer's disease (AD) is a progressive disorder of the nervous system. Amyloid βinduced degradation reactions in the central nervous system (CNS) result in neurotrophic factor abnormalities which may, in turn, facilitate the... more
Alzheimer's disease (AD) is a progressive disorder of the nervous system. Amyloid βinduced degradation reactions in the central nervous system (CNS) result in neurotrophic factor abnormalities which may, in turn, facilitate the development of amyloid pathology. The effects of exercise on these factors have been taken into account; however, an understanding of how it works needs further investigation. Therefore, the purpose of this study was to investigate the effect of aerobic training on tropomyosinrelated kinase B (TrkB), protein kinase C (PKC) and protein kinase B (AKT) in the hippocampus of male rats with AD. In this experimental study, 36 adult male rats (8 weeks) with an average weight of 195 ± 20 g were randomly divided into 3 groups (n=12): AD, AD+exercise training (ADT), and control (C). The AD was induced by intrahippocampal injection of Aβ1-42. Aerobic exercise was performed for 4 weeks, 5 sessions per week. Then, 24 hours after the last training session, animals were...
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A rapid, simple, and sensitive approach to the analysis of trihalomethanes (THMs) in swimming pool water samples has been developed. The main goal of this study was to overcome or to improve the shortcomings of conventional dispersive... more
A rapid, simple, and sensitive approach to the analysis of trihalomethanes (THMs) in swimming pool water samples has been developed. The main goal of this study was to overcome or to improve the shortcomings of conventional dispersive liquid-liquid microextraction (DLLME) and to maximize the realization of green analytical chemistry principles. The method involves a simple vortex-assisted microextraction step, in the absence of the dispersive solvent, followed by salting-out effect for the elimination of the centrifugation step. A bell-shaped device and a solidifiable solvent were used to simplify the extraction solvent collection after phase separation. Optimization of the independent variables was performed by using chemometric methods in three steps. The method was statistically validated based on authentic guidance documents. The completion time for extraction was less than 8 min, and the limits of detection were in the range between 4 and 72 ng L-1. Using this method, good line...
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The purpose of this study was to examine the effects of high intensity aerobic interval training on muscle damage markers after exhaustive maximal exercise. Twelve soccer players performed soccer special training for 4 weeks. Before that... more
The purpose of this study was to examine the effects of high intensity aerobic interval training on muscle damage markers after exhaustive maximal exercise. Twelve soccer players performed soccer special training for 4 weeks. Before that they participated in one session exhaustive exercise in pre and post soccer special training. Blood collection was conducted in rest and exhaustion time for CPK and LDH serum level measurement. Our results showed all indicators of muscle damage changed significantly (P<0.05) after both bouts. Based on that, significant differences between rest times and exhaustion times were evident for CPK and LDH serum level after both exhaustive exercises. Compared to the first bout, CPK and LDH levels resulted in significantly (P<0.05) smaller changes after the second exercise bout in post high intensity aerobic interval training. The decline in CPK level from pre and post exhaustive exercise (rest and exhaustion time) value between bout 1 and 2 were 31% a...
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The purpose of this study was to determine effect of branched-chain amino acid (BCAA) supplementation on indirect indicators of muscle damage (LDH,DOMS) in male athletic students. sexteen, healthy and trained young male students (age:... more
The purpose of this study was to determine effect of branched-chain amino acid (BCAA) supplementation on indirect indicators of muscle damage (LDH,DOMS) in male athletic students. sexteen, healthy and trained young male students (age: 24/12±1/25 years, height: 174/59±4/63 centimeters, weight: 71/52±8/97 kilograms, body mess index: 23/40±2/19 kg/m², percent of body fat: 11/81±1/21) were selected and devided to two groups randomly: [BCAA (n=8) and placebo (n=8)] and exercised on a treadmill at 90 - minute running bout with 70% VO2 max on one occasion. Beverages were administered five minutes before exercise, as well as at the 60-minute mark in a double-blind randomised study design. Indirect muscle damage markers (Lactate dehydrogenase and Ratings of perceived soreness) were assessed pre, 4-hours, and 24-hours post-exercise. 48-hours post-exercise ratings of perceived soreness was also recorded. Lactate dehydrogenase concentrations were elevated in the placebo trial at 4-hours as comp...
The aim of this study was to evaluate the effects of aerobic training on clinical symptoms and biochemical parameters in PCOS women. Twenty four PCOS women's with mean Age 22.7±3.77 years old, Body Height 159.87±5.29 Cm, Body Weight... more
The aim of this study was to evaluate the effects of aerobic training on clinical symptoms and biochemical parameters in PCOS women. Twenty four PCOS women's with mean Age 22.7±3.77 years old, Body Height 159.87±5.29 Cm, Body Weight 69.88±14.12 Kg and BMI 27.53±5.02 were randomly selected and subdivided into two groups, each composed of 12 subjects. Clinical data (ovarian morphology, BF%, WC, WHR) and serum hormone levels (insulin androstenedione, testosterone, DHEA-S and SHBG) were evaluated at baseline and after 12 week. A paired t-test and other data's analyzed by sample t-test ("# 0.05) was used in determining statistical significance using the SPSS program for Windows, version 16.0. Results revealed that after 12 weeks training, PCOS-T showed a significant reduction in ovarian size, BF%, WC, WHR. Fasting insulin androtestenedione hormone significantly reduced in PCOS-T. Serum testosterone, DHEA-S and SHBG levels uncharged in PCOS-T. no changes were observed in PCOS...
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Introduction: The aim of the present study was to investigate the effect of voluntary training period after the induction of experimental autoimmune encephalomyelitis (EAE) on some myelin-producing proteins in C57BL/6 female mice.... more
Introduction: The aim of the present study was to investigate the effect of voluntary training period after the induction of experimental autoimmune encephalomyelitis (EAE) on some myelin-producing proteins in C57BL/6 female mice. Methods: In this experimental study first 28 mice, which were 6-8 weeks old, were purchased and were randomly divided into three groups. Exercise activity (n=12), healthy control (n=8) and experimental autoimmune encephalomyelitis (EAE) control (n=8). Voluntary exercise group did exercises, 1 hour, 5 days a week for 4 weeks after induction of EAE and having the clinical score one for two days in a row. 48 hours after final exercise section, the mice were killed and immunohistochemistry was used to evaluate the expression of MBP and CNPase proteins. Using SPSS version 16 software, multiple analysis of variance and LSD post hoc test were used to examine the groups' data differences. Results: The results showed that the expression of both proteins as a re...
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Introduction: Myocardial infarction (MI) is the irreversible cell death caused by ischemia in parts of myocardium. The molecular process of increased capillary density in response to activity and its appropriate intensity is not clear... more
Introduction: Myocardial infarction (MI) is the irreversible cell death caused by ischemia in parts of myocardium. The molecular process of increased capillary density in response to activity and its appropriate intensity is not clear yet. Therefore, this research aimed to evaluate the effect of 6-week high intensity interval training on the VEGF/COL-18 ratio and echocardiographic indices in rats with MI. Methods: Twelve Wistar male rats of 10 weeks old and mean weight 250-300gr were allocated to two groups of experimental (60 minutes of interval treadmill running for four minutes with the intensity of 85-90 and two minutes of active rest at 50-60 percent of VO2max for four days a week for 6 weeks) and control group (without any training). Real-time PCR was used to assess the expression of VEGF and COL-18 genes after inducing MI, and shortening fractional and ejection fraction were investigated as echocardiographic indices. Data were analyzed in SPSS18 using independent t test (α≤ 0.05). Results: The findings showed that there was no significant increase in the VEGF/COL-18 ratio in the HIIT group (1.856 mg/ml) as compared with the control group (1.245 mg/ml) (p=0.263). A significant increase was observed in the HIIT group for SF (77.461±7.022%) and EF (41.625±6.847%) as compared with the control group (64.483±3.695%) and (31.320±3.460%), respectively (p=0.001). Conclusion: In general, 6 weeks of high intensity interval training can effectively increase angiogenesis factors and improve myocardial function in male Wistar rats after MI.
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مقدمه: با توجه به انجام انواع فعالیتهای ورزشی طی مسابقات ورزشی، میزان خستگی و چگونگی کاهش آن متفاوت است. بر همین اساس، هدف از انجام مطالعه حاضر، بررسی میزان تغییرات مجذور میانگین ریشه (Root mean square یا RMS) و فرکانس متوسط (Median... more
مقدمه: با توجه به انجام انواع فعالیتهای ورزشی طی مسابقات ورزشی، میزان خستگی و چگونگی کاهش آن متفاوت است. بر همین اساس، هدف از انجام مطالعه حاضر، بررسی میزان تغییرات مجذور میانگین ریشه (Root mean square یا RMS) و فرکانس متوسط (Median frequency یا MDF) عضلات چهارسر رانی و همسترینگ، به عنوان عوامل خستگی عصبی- عضلانی پس از غوطهوری در آب سرد به دنبال Repeated-sprint ability (RSA) بود. مواد و روشها: به این منظور، 20 ورزشکار تمرین کرده، برای شرکت در این پژوهش انتخاب شدند. پس از انجام فعالیت سرعتی تکراری، 10 نفر از آزمودنیها داخل آب سرد با دمای 14 درجه سانتیگراد و 10 نفر دیگر در دمای اتاق به شکل غیر فعال قرار گرفتند. اندازهگیری الکترومایوگرافی (Electromyography یا EMG) حین حداکثر انقباض ارادی قبل و پس از انجام هر ست RSA و همچنین، پس از Cold water immersion (CWI) یا استراحت غیر فعال و پس از 24 ساعت انجام شد. یافتهها: پس از RSA در روز اول، کاهش معنیداری در RMS عضلات پهن جانبی [037/0 = PCWI، 010/0 = PCON (PControl)] و راست رانی (001/0 = PCON, CWI) رخ داد و همچنین، MDF عضله پهن جانبی ت...
Background and Aim: Several microRNAs are involved in regulating muscle mass, which plays an essential role in hypertrophy and atrophy of skeletal muscle, The present study examined the expression of some genes as regulators of muscular... more
Background and Aim: Several microRNAs are involved in regulating muscle mass, which plays an essential role in hypertrophy and atrophy of skeletal muscle, The present study examined the expression of some genes as regulators of muscular atrophy following a period of inertia in rats. Methods & Materials: For this purpose, 18 male Sprague-Dawley rats were divided into three groups (Control, Exercise+inactivity, and Inactivity). The exercise+inactivity group run on the treadmill for 18 weeks and five times per week. The hindlimb of the animal was immobilized for seven days with the casting method. Soleus muscle was extracted and the expression of the genes was measured by the RT-PCR method. Univariate ANOVA and Tukey post hoc test was used to determine the differences (α=0.05). Ethical Considerations: The Ethics Committee of the Tehran University of Medical Sciences Research approved this study (Code: IR.SUMS.REC.1396.S 463). Results: Results showed that immobilization in both Exercise...
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Background: The current study aims to investigate the impact of high intensity interval training (HIIT) on serum levels of CK and LDH as the muscle damage indicators and on Gelatinase-A (MMP-2) serum levels as the tissae inflammatory... more
Background: The current study aims to investigate the impact of high intensity interval training (HIIT) on serum levels of CK and LDH as the muscle damage indicators and on Gelatinase-A (MMP-2) serum levels as the tissae inflammatory marker among young sedentary girls. Materials and Methods: For this quasi-experimental study, 14 sedentary female college students were selected and randomly divided into two groups; including the exercise HIIT group (means and standard deviations of age: 21/28 ± 2/56 (years); weight:52/86 ±4/95 (kg); and height: 163/1±3/7 (cm)) and the control group (means and standard deviations of age: 20/25 ±7/50 (years); weight:52/64 ±3/67 (kg); and height: 162/4±4/5 (cm)). The experimental group performed six repetitions of one-minute runs at 90%95% of HRmax. The blood samples were collected before and 30 minutes after the exercise protocol. The serum CK, LDH and MMP-2 levels were measured using corresponding kits. The data were analyzed through the independent t-...