pathan Begum

1158 Effect of Probiotic Bacteria on Shrimp Pond Ecosystem and their Influence on Growth and Survival of Litopenaeus Vannamei Pathan Shajahan Begum1, Meerza Abdul Razak2, Senthilkumar Rajagopal3, V. Venkataratnamma*4 1Department of Zoology, K.V.R.Govt College for Women, Kurnool, Andhra Pradesh, India 2Department of Biotechnology, Rayalaseema University, Kurnool, Andhra Pradesh, India 3Department of Biochemistry, Rayalaseema University, Kurnool, Andhra Pradesh, India 4Department of Zoology, Acharya Nagarjuna University, Guntur, Andhra Pradesh, India ABSTRACT

Hippocrates, the “father of western medicine,” quoted, “Let thy food be thy medicine and medicine thy food.” The natural product-driven nutrients, dietary supplements, herbal products, and processed foods, such as cereals, soups, and beverages are termed as nutraceuticals. Food nutraceuticals are the dietary compounds having health benefits. The dietary supplements define the health of human beings. Epidemiological studies established the relation between disease, lifestyle, and diet. The chronic diseases, such as cancer, gastrointestinal disorders, and cardiovascular diseases are the major health risks in most industrialized countries and these risk conditions can be reduced significantly with intake of dietary fruits, vegetables, and whole grains. Synthetic drugs are almost unable to have ideal therapeutic efficacy as its therapeutic value comes at the cost of adverse side reactions. Along with these synthetic drugs, adjunctive therapy with food nutraceuticals plays an important r...

Microbial fermentation technology is a promising, rapidly growing, revolutionary field involving the use of microbes for the production of compounds that are of immense use in the production of biofuels, pharmaceutical, environmentally friendly materials, energy, fine chemicals, and the food industry. This technology has been used in the manufacture of highly valued products for decades, but there is an urgent need to significantly accelerate the advancement of microbial fermentation technology to make the transition to a bio-based society. Moreover, there is always a great deal of interest and demand for the production of new microbial fermentation processes for certain essential purposes, such as the possibility to generate novel molecules and the sustainability factor. In this chapter, we review recent advances and trends in system biology-led metabolic engineering strategies, genomics, transcriptomics, proteomics, metabolomics, fluxomics, metabolic modeling on the genome scale, ...

Probiotics are live microbial food supplements that provide several health benefits, as they help in maintaining excellent stability and composition of the intestinal microbiota and boost the resistance against infection by pathogens. Probiotics can be considered as potential functional foods, as they offer health benefits much more than the traditional nutritional foods. The requirement for probiotic functional foods is rapidly and progressively on the rise because of increased awareness of the public regarding the impact of food on health. Probiotics are now emerging as a promising key category of food supplement around the globe. There are now plenty of evidences backed up with high-quality, scientific clinical data to advocate that probiotic involvement could indeed be successful in the different types of diarrheal diseases, the modulation of immune function, the prevention of colon cancer, and other chronic gastrointestinal inflammatory disorders. The potential effectiveness of...

The survival and growth of shrimp is key constraints that influence the shrimp aquaculture. Good growth and high survival rate of shrimp endorse higher shrimp production rates. As the culture period progress water quality of the pond changes due to the metabolic activities carried out by the animal. All these parameters should be maintained at optimum levels for higher survival and growth rates. Though several pond probiotics has been launched in the market search for isolation of potent probiotic bacteria with suitable pond application is a never ending process. The isolated potential probiotic bacterial strains are applied in the shrimp ponds to observe their influence on the water quality variables. To make sure the secure applicability of the isolated probiotics, a preliminary examination was done on Litopenaeus vannamei by screening their average body weight and percentage of survival. Litopenaeus vannamei showed a significant increase in body weight and the survival rate in th...

Background: When a human being is infected with a virus, antibodies are produced against many epitopes or multiple virus proteins. A subset of these antibodies can block virus infection by a process that is called neutralization. Recent research has proved that Human antibodies to human immunodeficiency virus-1 (HIV-1) can neutralize a broad range of viral isolates in vitro and protect non-human primates against infection. Methods: We review technical papers, reviews and other articles related to neutralizing monoclonal antibodies specific for HIV that are being investigated for use in HIV prevention. Results: This review will allow to gain a more general view of the mechanism of action of neutralizing antibodies, applications of neutralizing antibodies in treating various diseases and its significant role in HIV therapeutics. Conclusion: Most of the neutralizing antibodies are directed towards the Env, which the viruses keep mutating to avoid the host immune responses. Therefore, successful vaccines should induce antibodies that are capable of binding and neutralizing a broad spectrum of circulating viral products.