This article is an open access article distributed under the terms and conditions of the Creative... more This article is an open access article distributed under the terms and conditions of the Creative Commons Attribution (CC BY
In revolutionizing the type and the speed of information available, digital globalization has res... more In revolutionizing the type and the speed of information available, digital globalization has reshaped perspectives and cross-border actions in various domains worldwide. However, these knowledge-intensive flows have scarcely influenced practice around heritage in least developed countries (LDCs). Historical biases, exacerbated by systemic inequities and ethnic divisions, still represent some of the most relevant barriers to 21st-century development, inhibiting the appropriate valuation of shared cultural heritage. This study seeks to shed light on the roças, a widespread system of cocoa and coffee plantations established in São Tomé and Príncipe by Portuguese colonizers of the mid-19th. We show how roças and other shared heritage sites represent living sources for intergenerational learning. E-learning tools can be an important driver of systemic cultural overhaul, sustainable heritage management, global peacebuilding, and social cohesion, provided that broad communities, including descendants from former colonized countries, are actively involved throughout the critical design process of reinterpreting those sites.
Purpose Online travel reviews platforms have become innovative information systems due to the inc... more Purpose Online travel reviews platforms have become innovative information systems due to the incorporation of sophisticated gamification elements such as visually appealing badges. This study aims to analyze three features of the review after leveling up a badge: review length (number of words), sentiment scoring and period between two successive reviews (number of days until the next review is written). Design/methodology/approach A total of 77,000 online TripAdvisor reviews written by 100 frequent travelers and contributors are analyzed using a data mining approach. A data-based sensitivity analysis is then conducted to provide an understanding of the data mining trained models. Findings The results show evidence that badges appealing for self-pride (“badge passport”) and for peer-recognition (“badge helpful”) have significant influence across the lifespan of online review, whereas badges simply awarded by counting the contributions have little effect. Originality/value To the be...
International Journal of Building Pathology and Adaptation
PurposeThe purpose of this research is to test the effectiveness of integrating Grasshopper 3D an... more PurposeThe purpose of this research is to test the effectiveness of integrating Grasshopper 3D and measuring attractiveness by a categorical based evaluation technique (M-MACBETH) for building energy simulation analysis within a virtual environment. Set of energy retrofitting solutions is evaluated against performance-based criteria (energy consumption, weight and carbon footprint), and considering the preservation of the cultural value of the building, its architectural and spatial configuration.Design/methodology/approachThis research addresses the building energy performance analysis before and after the design of retrofitting solutions in extreme climate environments (2030–2100). The proposed model integrates data obtained from an advanced parametric tool (Grasshopper) and a multi-criteria decision analysis (M-MACBETH) to score different energy retrofitting solutions against energy consumption, weight, carbon footprint and impact on architectural configuration. The proposed mode...
The growing concern about climate change and the recognition of the planet’s limits led society t... more The growing concern about climate change and the recognition of the planet’s limits led society to look for alternatives that promote the balance between the natural and the built environment. The circular economy emerges as an alternative to the linear economic model, inspired by natural metabolisms, by circulating resources in continuous loops, where their intrinsic value is maintained and improved. This research proposes a closed-loop strategy in the built environment by studying innovative constructive solutions that aim to find use, value, and inspiration in what is considered waste. A literature review is conducted on the circular design strategies, re-use and recycle typologies, and waste transformation processes. Then, the development of a methodology for qualitative evaluation and selection of re-used and upcycled construction materials from post-consumer waste and by-products is presented and then applied to thirty-five cases of constructive solutions from plastic, wood, p...
International Journal of Architectural Heritage, 2016
ABSTRACT Timber-framed walls represent a structural permanence in Portugal before and after the 1... more ABSTRACT Timber-framed walls represent a structural permanence in Portugal before and after the 1755 earthquake. Despite improvements made in the Pombalino buildings (late 18th century) for seismic design purposes, comparisons can be drawn with the use of mixed timber-masonry structure in overhanging medieval houses. The structural efficiency of medieval overhanging dwellings is due to the reduction in the weight from the lower to the upper floors, the ductile behavior, and the connections between the infill frame and the floor structure. A survey of examples still standing in Lisbon is carried out by the authors through archival dataset and on-site analysis. Special attention is paid to the degree of authenticity and state of conservation. Dissonances and continuities in the original construction and subsequent refurbishment are analyzed in three cases that are selected for their localization and remarkable architectural or typological features.
In the modern scientific culture, the seismic vulnerability of the architectural heritage is esti... more In the modern scientific culture, the seismic vulnerability of the architectural heritage is estimated numerically and need mathematical models of the mechanical behaviour of masonry buildings. The constructive system of “baraccate” houses, whose spread andarchitectural and engineering values have been rediscovered recently, still needs mathematical models. In this piece of paper this first effort has been done for a wall from Palazzo Vescovile in Mileto. The comparison between the numerical results and some experimental tests encourages the research efforts to be continued.
The seismic period, that started in 1783 and lasted three years in the southern Calabria (South o... more The seismic period, that started in 1783 and lasted three years in the southern Calabria (South of Italy), caused massive damages: over 35,000 victims and relevant upheavals in the hydrogeological asset of the site. The Borbone government immediately dealt with the reconstruction of backward provinces, attempting to reorganize the economic and administrative systems by innovative criteria and by the construction with anti-seismic techniques. In this paper a preliminary reviewing of the historical sources is analysed to frame the reconstruction, highlighting the differences compared with the initial models. By the regional to the urban scale, it was assumed as case study the historical centre of Mileto, one of the five cities entirely rebuilt on another site after the earthquake. Mileto preserves the scheme of the urban planning conceived in the end of the Eighteenth century. Also in Mileto, there is the Episcopal Palace, characterized by several architectural and construction features to increase the seismic response. Despite the advanced state of deterioration, the original structure is still perfectly recognizable and allows to deepen the knowledge regarding the technology, that is unquestionably a cultural heritage to preserve, enhance and possibly to be reused. Accordingly, the authors prefigure the importance of carrying out a census of still standing buildings characterized by the Borbone anti-seismic system by suggesting possible research methodologies.
International Journal of Architectural Heritage, 2019
ABSTRACT Timber-framing is the most common mixed construction technique utilised by Romans and ma... more ABSTRACT Timber-framing is the most common mixed construction technique utilised by Romans and many other builders throughout history. However, archaeological evidence is scarce due to the overlapping urban land use and the perishability of the wooden skeleton. This paper focuses on timber frame wall — opus craticium — from Herculaneum, examined through a literature review and on-site analysis. The aim of this research is shedding light on the reasons for the diffusion of opus craticium through a critical analysis of Vesuvian archaeological evidence, among which the best-known is Casa a Graticcio (Insula III, 13–15, Herculaneum). The dichotomy between the written transmission of this technique and the construction practice in the Augustan epoch is also discussed. It is shown how the pervasiveness of this technique in Herculaneum arises from multiple reasons: firstly, the strong demand of new constructions and the need of heavy repairs during the Augustan Principate. Additionally, the anaerobic conditions resulting from the specific on-site burial in 79 AD allowed the conservation of the timber-framing.
This article is an open access article distributed under the terms and conditions of the Creative... more This article is an open access article distributed under the terms and conditions of the Creative Commons Attribution (CC BY
In revolutionizing the type and the speed of information available, digital globalization has res... more In revolutionizing the type and the speed of information available, digital globalization has reshaped perspectives and cross-border actions in various domains worldwide. However, these knowledge-intensive flows have scarcely influenced practice around heritage in least developed countries (LDCs). Historical biases, exacerbated by systemic inequities and ethnic divisions, still represent some of the most relevant barriers to 21st-century development, inhibiting the appropriate valuation of shared cultural heritage. This study seeks to shed light on the roças, a widespread system of cocoa and coffee plantations established in São Tomé and Príncipe by Portuguese colonizers of the mid-19th. We show how roças and other shared heritage sites represent living sources for intergenerational learning. E-learning tools can be an important driver of systemic cultural overhaul, sustainable heritage management, global peacebuilding, and social cohesion, provided that broad communities, including descendants from former colonized countries, are actively involved throughout the critical design process of reinterpreting those sites.
Purpose Online travel reviews platforms have become innovative information systems due to the inc... more Purpose Online travel reviews platforms have become innovative information systems due to the incorporation of sophisticated gamification elements such as visually appealing badges. This study aims to analyze three features of the review after leveling up a badge: review length (number of words), sentiment scoring and period between two successive reviews (number of days until the next review is written). Design/methodology/approach A total of 77,000 online TripAdvisor reviews written by 100 frequent travelers and contributors are analyzed using a data mining approach. A data-based sensitivity analysis is then conducted to provide an understanding of the data mining trained models. Findings The results show evidence that badges appealing for self-pride (“badge passport”) and for peer-recognition (“badge helpful”) have significant influence across the lifespan of online review, whereas badges simply awarded by counting the contributions have little effect. Originality/value To the be...
International Journal of Building Pathology and Adaptation
PurposeThe purpose of this research is to test the effectiveness of integrating Grasshopper 3D an... more PurposeThe purpose of this research is to test the effectiveness of integrating Grasshopper 3D and measuring attractiveness by a categorical based evaluation technique (M-MACBETH) for building energy simulation analysis within a virtual environment. Set of energy retrofitting solutions is evaluated against performance-based criteria (energy consumption, weight and carbon footprint), and considering the preservation of the cultural value of the building, its architectural and spatial configuration.Design/methodology/approachThis research addresses the building energy performance analysis before and after the design of retrofitting solutions in extreme climate environments (2030–2100). The proposed model integrates data obtained from an advanced parametric tool (Grasshopper) and a multi-criteria decision analysis (M-MACBETH) to score different energy retrofitting solutions against energy consumption, weight, carbon footprint and impact on architectural configuration. The proposed mode...
The growing concern about climate change and the recognition of the planet’s limits led society t... more The growing concern about climate change and the recognition of the planet’s limits led society to look for alternatives that promote the balance between the natural and the built environment. The circular economy emerges as an alternative to the linear economic model, inspired by natural metabolisms, by circulating resources in continuous loops, where their intrinsic value is maintained and improved. This research proposes a closed-loop strategy in the built environment by studying innovative constructive solutions that aim to find use, value, and inspiration in what is considered waste. A literature review is conducted on the circular design strategies, re-use and recycle typologies, and waste transformation processes. Then, the development of a methodology for qualitative evaluation and selection of re-used and upcycled construction materials from post-consumer waste and by-products is presented and then applied to thirty-five cases of constructive solutions from plastic, wood, p...
International Journal of Architectural Heritage, 2016
ABSTRACT Timber-framed walls represent a structural permanence in Portugal before and after the 1... more ABSTRACT Timber-framed walls represent a structural permanence in Portugal before and after the 1755 earthquake. Despite improvements made in the Pombalino buildings (late 18th century) for seismic design purposes, comparisons can be drawn with the use of mixed timber-masonry structure in overhanging medieval houses. The structural efficiency of medieval overhanging dwellings is due to the reduction in the weight from the lower to the upper floors, the ductile behavior, and the connections between the infill frame and the floor structure. A survey of examples still standing in Lisbon is carried out by the authors through archival dataset and on-site analysis. Special attention is paid to the degree of authenticity and state of conservation. Dissonances and continuities in the original construction and subsequent refurbishment are analyzed in three cases that are selected for their localization and remarkable architectural or typological features.
In the modern scientific culture, the seismic vulnerability of the architectural heritage is esti... more In the modern scientific culture, the seismic vulnerability of the architectural heritage is estimated numerically and need mathematical models of the mechanical behaviour of masonry buildings. The constructive system of “baraccate” houses, whose spread andarchitectural and engineering values have been rediscovered recently, still needs mathematical models. In this piece of paper this first effort has been done for a wall from Palazzo Vescovile in Mileto. The comparison between the numerical results and some experimental tests encourages the research efforts to be continued.
The seismic period, that started in 1783 and lasted three years in the southern Calabria (South o... more The seismic period, that started in 1783 and lasted three years in the southern Calabria (South of Italy), caused massive damages: over 35,000 victims and relevant upheavals in the hydrogeological asset of the site. The Borbone government immediately dealt with the reconstruction of backward provinces, attempting to reorganize the economic and administrative systems by innovative criteria and by the construction with anti-seismic techniques. In this paper a preliminary reviewing of the historical sources is analysed to frame the reconstruction, highlighting the differences compared with the initial models. By the regional to the urban scale, it was assumed as case study the historical centre of Mileto, one of the five cities entirely rebuilt on another site after the earthquake. Mileto preserves the scheme of the urban planning conceived in the end of the Eighteenth century. Also in Mileto, there is the Episcopal Palace, characterized by several architectural and construction features to increase the seismic response. Despite the advanced state of deterioration, the original structure is still perfectly recognizable and allows to deepen the knowledge regarding the technology, that is unquestionably a cultural heritage to preserve, enhance and possibly to be reused. Accordingly, the authors prefigure the importance of carrying out a census of still standing buildings characterized by the Borbone anti-seismic system by suggesting possible research methodologies.
International Journal of Architectural Heritage, 2019
ABSTRACT Timber-framing is the most common mixed construction technique utilised by Romans and ma... more ABSTRACT Timber-framing is the most common mixed construction technique utilised by Romans and many other builders throughout history. However, archaeological evidence is scarce due to the overlapping urban land use and the perishability of the wooden skeleton. This paper focuses on timber frame wall — opus craticium — from Herculaneum, examined through a literature review and on-site analysis. The aim of this research is shedding light on the reasons for the diffusion of opus craticium through a critical analysis of Vesuvian archaeological evidence, among which the best-known is Casa a Graticcio (Insula III, 13–15, Herculaneum). The dichotomy between the written transmission of this technique and the construction practice in the Augustan epoch is also discussed. It is shown how the pervasiveness of this technique in Herculaneum arises from multiple reasons: firstly, the strong demand of new constructions and the need of heavy repairs during the Augustan Principate. Additionally, the anaerobic conditions resulting from the specific on-site burial in 79 AD allowed the conservation of the timber-framing.
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