During this CBTP phase II some basic problems in related to feed and animal production that are i... more During this CBTP phase II some basic problems in related to feed and animal production that are identified during last CBTP (CBTP phase I) were solved by us to some extent. The society of Blida kebele whose avail themselves on the meeting selected randomly could express their needs and discuss on some problems with their solution by their mother tongue “Afaan Oromoo” freely as they want. By taking the problems that are identified during CBTP phase I as a sample and solutions were given by us (by AnSc second year students) for some of the problems.Due to limited time and resources we are unable to give for all identified problems and we didn’t get opportunity to discuss in detail on the solution of many problems. This program has been finished within only two days. Training was given to farmers on poultry production system and management systems and alfalfa seedlings were given for selected farmers by DA randomly.
Journal of Biology, Agriculture and Healthcare, 2019
Cyanide is one of the most potent and rapidly acting inorganic poisons and it can cause toxicity ... more Cyanide is one of the most potent and rapidly acting inorganic poisons and it can cause toxicity in animals, principally in ruminants. Although cyanides are released to environment in various forms, the natural source of cyanide ion from plants that contain enough cyanogenic glycosides are the most important cause of hydrogen cyanide poisoning in ruminants. The objective of this paper is to review available information on cyanide poisoning in ruminants and to highlight its diagnosis, prevention and treatment options. The cyanide toxicity in ruminants is affected primarily by lethal dose, plant, environment, and animal factors. Ruminants are more susceptible to prussic acid poisoning than other domestic animals, due to more efficient hydrolysis of the cyanogenic glycosides in the rumen. The mechanism of cyanide intoxication involves, inhibition of oxidative metabolism and oxygen utilization of cells, by binding with heme form of cytochrome a3 (cytochrome oxidase) which is last enzyme...
Actinomycosis (lumpy jaw) in cattle is a chronic infectious disease characterized by suppurative ... more Actinomycosis (lumpy jaw) in cattle is a chronic infectious disease characterized by suppurative granulation of the skull, particularly the mandible and maxilla. A bovis are the etiologic agent of lumpy jaw in cattle. It has also been isolated from nodular abscesses in the lungs of cattle and infrequently from infections in sheep, pigs, dogs, and other mammals. ). Although actinomycosis occurs only sporadically, it is of importance because of its widespread occurrence and poor response to treatment. It is recorded from most countries of the world. Predisposition to disease seems to occur through direct extension of the infection from the gums, apparently following injury or as a complication of periodontitis of other causes. ).In the jawbones a rarefying osteomyelitis is produced. Actinomycosis lesion in the cows appeared as hard and immobile swellings in the mandibles. The disease is sporadic but common in cattle. Occasional cases occur in pigs and horses and rarely in goats. Raref...
Of the parasitic diseases, Coccidiosis is the commonest and most important disease of poultry res... more Of the parasitic diseases, Coccidiosis is the commonest and most important disease of poultry resulting in great economic losses worldwide. It is caused by the intracellular protozoa parasite of Eimeria species in the genus Eimeria. About nine species of Eimeria have been recognized in domesticated chickens, of which Eimeria brunette, Eimeria maxima, Eimeria necatrix, Eimeria tenella are the most pathogenic; Eimeria acervulina, Eimeria mitis, Eimeria mivati are the less pathogenic and Eimeria praecox and Eimeria hagani are the lesser pathogenic. The disease is endemic in most of the tropical and subtropical regions where ecological and management conditions favour an all-year round development and propagation of the causal agent. Clinical signs are associated with tissue destruction from the release of the merozoites and mature oocysts from the mucosal surface during the last generations of merogony and throughout gametogony. Diagnosis of coccidiosis in chicken is best accomplished by postmortem examination of representative number of birds. The type and locations of lesions in the gut indicates the species of Eimeria. Prevention of avian coccidiosis is based on a combination of good management and the use of anticoccidial compounds in the feed or water. Coccidiosis is recognized as the parasitic disease that has the greatest economic impact on poultry production. It is also endemic in Ethiopia, causing great economic losses particularly in young birds, in all production systems. Thus this review presents information on poultry coccidiosis and highlight’s its prevention and control.
Of the parasitic diseases, Coccidiosis is the commonest and most important disease of poultry res... more Of the parasitic diseases, Coccidiosis is the commonest and most important disease of poultry resulting in great economic losses worldwide. It is caused by the intracellular protozoa parasite of Eimeria species in the genus Eimeria. About nine species of Eimeria have been recognized in domesticated chickens, of which Eimeria brunette, Eimeria maxima, Eimeria necatrix, Eimeria tenella are the most pathogenic; Eimeria acervulina, Eimeria mitis, Eimeria mivati are the less pathogenic and Eimeria praecox and Eimeria hagani are the lesser pathogenic. The disease is endemic in most of the tropical and subtropical regions where ecological and management conditions favour an all-year round development and propagation of the causal agent. Clinical signs are associated with tissue destruction from the release of the merozoites and mature oocysts from the mucosal surface during the last generations of merogony and throughout gametogony. Diagnosis of coccidiosis in chicken is best accomplished by postmortem examination of representative number of birds. The type and locations of lesions in the gut indicates the species of Eimeria. Prevention of avian coccidiosis is based on a combination of good management and the use of anticoccidial compounds in the feed or water. Coccidiosis is recognized as the parasitic disease that has the greatest economic impact on poultry production. It is also endemic in Ethiopia, causing great economic losses particularly in young birds, in all production systems. Thus this review presents information on poultry coccidiosis and highlight’s its prevention and control.
Poultry breeding is done by a wide range of people for diverse end uses and purposes. Poultry bre... more Poultry breeding is done by a wide range of people for diverse end uses and purposes. Poultry breeding can be divided into three mains areas which include: Commercial Breeding o For Egg production, or o Meat production Village/Backyard Breeding o Poultry bred for both eggs and meat on a small scale Fancy/Exhibition Breeding o Non commercial production of small poultry breeds by enthusiasts Commercial breeding Chicken is by far the most popular poultry species utilised by Australians for both meat and egg production. Breeding for the commercial poultry sector is on a large industrial scale and hatcheries supply both the broiler and layer industries. In Australia the term broiler is used by the industry to describe a chicken grown for meat, while the term layer is used for chickens grown and maintained for egg production. Chickens are also affectionately referred to as chooks. Other poultry species such as Turkeys, Ducks & Geese, and game birds such as Quails are also produced in Australia for meat. Emus and Ostriches are also bred for commercial purposes. More details about Commercial Poultry Breeding and the Breeder Farm Sequence can be found below. Village/Backyard Breeding Many farmers and some suburban householders still like to keep their own poultry for egg and meat production. Most buy commercial crossbred hens at the point of lay and keep them in semi-intensive conditions in the yard. Some use small colony cages or even use a few layer cages in a protected spot. Others buy day-old chicks and rear their own birds. Fancy/Exhibition Breeding There are many breeds of poultry which play very little part in the commercial poultry industry. These are called fancy poultry and are usually kept by small producers (or fanciers) who enjoy breeding, showing and exchanging birds with other fanciers. Breeder farm sequence Breeder farm sequence The breeder farm produces fertile eggs that will be hatched in a hatchery. Brooding Male and female chicks are usually reared separately until about 4-5 weeks of age. They are... read more
During this CBTP phase II some basic problems in related to feed and animal production that are i... more During this CBTP phase II some basic problems in related to feed and animal production that are identified during last CBTP (CBTP phase I) were solved by us to some extent. The society of Blida kebele whose avail themselves on the meeting selected randomly could express their needs and discuss on some problems with their solution by their mother tongue “Afaan Oromoo” freely as they want. By taking the problems that are identified during CBTP phase I as a sample and solutions were given by us (by AnSc second year students) for some of the problems.Due to limited time and resources we are unable to give for all identified problems and we didn’t get opportunity to discuss in detail on the solution of many problems. This program has been finished within only two days. Training was given to farmers on poultry production system and management systems and alfalfa seedlings were given for selected farmers by DA randomly.
Journal of Biology, Agriculture and Healthcare, 2019
Cyanide is one of the most potent and rapidly acting inorganic poisons and it can cause toxicity ... more Cyanide is one of the most potent and rapidly acting inorganic poisons and it can cause toxicity in animals, principally in ruminants. Although cyanides are released to environment in various forms, the natural source of cyanide ion from plants that contain enough cyanogenic glycosides are the most important cause of hydrogen cyanide poisoning in ruminants. The objective of this paper is to review available information on cyanide poisoning in ruminants and to highlight its diagnosis, prevention and treatment options. The cyanide toxicity in ruminants is affected primarily by lethal dose, plant, environment, and animal factors. Ruminants are more susceptible to prussic acid poisoning than other domestic animals, due to more efficient hydrolysis of the cyanogenic glycosides in the rumen. The mechanism of cyanide intoxication involves, inhibition of oxidative metabolism and oxygen utilization of cells, by binding with heme form of cytochrome a3 (cytochrome oxidase) which is last enzyme...
Actinomycosis (lumpy jaw) in cattle is a chronic infectious disease characterized by suppurative ... more Actinomycosis (lumpy jaw) in cattle is a chronic infectious disease characterized by suppurative granulation of the skull, particularly the mandible and maxilla. A bovis are the etiologic agent of lumpy jaw in cattle. It has also been isolated from nodular abscesses in the lungs of cattle and infrequently from infections in sheep, pigs, dogs, and other mammals. ). Although actinomycosis occurs only sporadically, it is of importance because of its widespread occurrence and poor response to treatment. It is recorded from most countries of the world. Predisposition to disease seems to occur through direct extension of the infection from the gums, apparently following injury or as a complication of periodontitis of other causes. ).In the jawbones a rarefying osteomyelitis is produced. Actinomycosis lesion in the cows appeared as hard and immobile swellings in the mandibles. The disease is sporadic but common in cattle. Occasional cases occur in pigs and horses and rarely in goats. Raref...
Of the parasitic diseases, Coccidiosis is the commonest and most important disease of poultry res... more Of the parasitic diseases, Coccidiosis is the commonest and most important disease of poultry resulting in great economic losses worldwide. It is caused by the intracellular protozoa parasite of Eimeria species in the genus Eimeria. About nine species of Eimeria have been recognized in domesticated chickens, of which Eimeria brunette, Eimeria maxima, Eimeria necatrix, Eimeria tenella are the most pathogenic; Eimeria acervulina, Eimeria mitis, Eimeria mivati are the less pathogenic and Eimeria praecox and Eimeria hagani are the lesser pathogenic. The disease is endemic in most of the tropical and subtropical regions where ecological and management conditions favour an all-year round development and propagation of the causal agent. Clinical signs are associated with tissue destruction from the release of the merozoites and mature oocysts from the mucosal surface during the last generations of merogony and throughout gametogony. Diagnosis of coccidiosis in chicken is best accomplished by postmortem examination of representative number of birds. The type and locations of lesions in the gut indicates the species of Eimeria. Prevention of avian coccidiosis is based on a combination of good management and the use of anticoccidial compounds in the feed or water. Coccidiosis is recognized as the parasitic disease that has the greatest economic impact on poultry production. It is also endemic in Ethiopia, causing great economic losses particularly in young birds, in all production systems. Thus this review presents information on poultry coccidiosis and highlight’s its prevention and control.
Of the parasitic diseases, Coccidiosis is the commonest and most important disease of poultry res... more Of the parasitic diseases, Coccidiosis is the commonest and most important disease of poultry resulting in great economic losses worldwide. It is caused by the intracellular protozoa parasite of Eimeria species in the genus Eimeria. About nine species of Eimeria have been recognized in domesticated chickens, of which Eimeria brunette, Eimeria maxima, Eimeria necatrix, Eimeria tenella are the most pathogenic; Eimeria acervulina, Eimeria mitis, Eimeria mivati are the less pathogenic and Eimeria praecox and Eimeria hagani are the lesser pathogenic. The disease is endemic in most of the tropical and subtropical regions where ecological and management conditions favour an all-year round development and propagation of the causal agent. Clinical signs are associated with tissue destruction from the release of the merozoites and mature oocysts from the mucosal surface during the last generations of merogony and throughout gametogony. Diagnosis of coccidiosis in chicken is best accomplished by postmortem examination of representative number of birds. The type and locations of lesions in the gut indicates the species of Eimeria. Prevention of avian coccidiosis is based on a combination of good management and the use of anticoccidial compounds in the feed or water. Coccidiosis is recognized as the parasitic disease that has the greatest economic impact on poultry production. It is also endemic in Ethiopia, causing great economic losses particularly in young birds, in all production systems. Thus this review presents information on poultry coccidiosis and highlight’s its prevention and control.
Poultry breeding is done by a wide range of people for diverse end uses and purposes. Poultry bre... more Poultry breeding is done by a wide range of people for diverse end uses and purposes. Poultry breeding can be divided into three mains areas which include: Commercial Breeding o For Egg production, or o Meat production Village/Backyard Breeding o Poultry bred for both eggs and meat on a small scale Fancy/Exhibition Breeding o Non commercial production of small poultry breeds by enthusiasts Commercial breeding Chicken is by far the most popular poultry species utilised by Australians for both meat and egg production. Breeding for the commercial poultry sector is on a large industrial scale and hatcheries supply both the broiler and layer industries. In Australia the term broiler is used by the industry to describe a chicken grown for meat, while the term layer is used for chickens grown and maintained for egg production. Chickens are also affectionately referred to as chooks. Other poultry species such as Turkeys, Ducks & Geese, and game birds such as Quails are also produced in Australia for meat. Emus and Ostriches are also bred for commercial purposes. More details about Commercial Poultry Breeding and the Breeder Farm Sequence can be found below. Village/Backyard Breeding Many farmers and some suburban householders still like to keep their own poultry for egg and meat production. Most buy commercial crossbred hens at the point of lay and keep them in semi-intensive conditions in the yard. Some use small colony cages or even use a few layer cages in a protected spot. Others buy day-old chicks and rear their own birds. Fancy/Exhibition Breeding There are many breeds of poultry which play very little part in the commercial poultry industry. These are called fancy poultry and are usually kept by small producers (or fanciers) who enjoy breeding, showing and exchanging birds with other fanciers. Breeder farm sequence Breeder farm sequence The breeder farm produces fertile eggs that will be hatched in a hatchery. Brooding Male and female chicks are usually reared separately until about 4-5 weeks of age. They are... read more
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Key words: coccidiosis, chickens, Eimeria, prevention, Diagnosis
Key words: coccidiosis, chickens, Eimeria, prevention, Diagnosis